Papers by Shuai Chen
RETAIL: Towards Real-world Travel Planning for Large Language Models (2025.emnlp-main)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Existing travel planning systems assume users provide explicit queries, limiting their practical utility. |
| Approach: | They propose a dataset RETAIL which supports decision-making for implicit queries while covering explicit queries. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model achieves a 1.0% pass rate, suggesting real-world travel planning remains challenging. |
ProUIE: A Macro-to-Micro Progressive Learning Method for LLM-based Universal Information Extraction (2026.findings-acl)
Copied to clipboard
Wenda Liu, Song Zhigang, Shuai Nie, Guangyao Liu, Lisung Chen, Binyu Yang, Yaran Chen, Peng Zhou, Hongzhen Wang, Yuchen Liu, Wenyue Hu, Jiaming Xu, Runyu Shi, Ying Huang
| Challenge: | ProUIE improves universal information extraction (UIE) without external information . many LLM-based methods rely on extra schema cues, external resources or complex alignment and verification pipelines . |
| Approach: | They propose a Macro-to-Micro progressive learning approach that improves UIE without external information. |
| Outcome: | ProUIE outperforms instruction-tuned baselines on average for NER and RE while using a smaller backbone. |
Learning from Near-Misses: Error-Aware Contrastive Few-Shot Learning for NL2Formula (2026.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Existing spreadsheet formulas often produce near-miss outputs due to an incorrect function, operator, or reference. |
| Approach: | They propose an abstract syntax tree-based error taxonomy that organizes common error modes by the kind of decision that goes wrong in the parse tree. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework improves Exact Match (EM) by 6.4 points over supervised fine-tuning and matches self-consistency (SC@5) accuracy. |
A Deep Learning-Based System for PharmaCoNER (D19-57)
Copied to clipboard
Ying Xiong, Yedan Shen, Yuanhang Huang, Shuai Chen, Buzhou Tang, Xiaolong Wang, Qingcai Chen, Jun Yan, Yi Zhou
| Challenge: | Efficient access to mentions of clinical entities is very important for using clinical text. |
| Approach: | They developed a pipeline system based on deep learning methods for this shared task . it achieves a micro-average F1-score of 0.9105 on track 1 and a mini-average LSTM score of 0.8391 on track 2 . |
| Outcome: | The proposed system achieves a micro-average F1-score of 0.9105 on track 1 and a mini-average score of 0.8391 on track 2. |
SmartBench: Is Your LLM Truly a Good Chinese Smartphone Assistant? (2025.emnlp-main)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Existing evaluation benchmarks for Large Language Models focus on objective tasks like mathematics and coding in English, which do not reflect the practical use cases of on-device LLMs in real-world mobile scenarios. |
| Approach: | They propose a benchmark to evaluate the capabilities of on-device Large Language Models in Chinese mobile contexts. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework evaluates on-device LLMs and MLLMs in Chinese . it provides a standardized framework for evaluating LLM performance on real smartphones . |
PromptPrism: A Linguistically-Inspired Taxonomy for Prompts (2026.findings-eacl)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | PromptPrism is a linguistically-inspired taxonomy that enables prompt analysis across three hierarchical levels. |
| Approach: | They propose a linguistically-inspired taxonomy that enables prompt analysis across three hierarchical levels: functional structure, semantic component, and syntactic pattern. |
| Outcome: | The proposed taxonomy bridges traditional language understanding with modern LLM research . it improves prompt quality and improves model performance across tasks . |
Omni-Chart-600K: A Comprehensive Dataset of Chart Types for Chart Understanding (2025.findings-naacl)
Copied to clipboard
Shulei Wang, Shuai Yang, Wang Lin, Zirun Guo, Sihang Cai, Hai Huang, Ye Wang, Jingyuan Chen, Tao Jin
| Challenge: | Existing chart-related training methods lack capabilities in information extraction, mathematical reasoning, and understanding of multiple chart types. |
| Approach: | They propose a two-stage training strategy and method for jointly training a vision encoder tailored for multi-type charts to address the deficiencies in chart types and limited scope of chart tasks in existing datasets. |
| Outcome: | The proposed dataset includes 21 diverse chart types and tasks, including data retrieval and mathematical reasoning. |
A Systematic Survey of Automatic Prompt Optimization Techniques (2025.emnlp-main)
Copied to clipboard
Kiran Ramnath, Kang Zhou, Sheng Guan, Soumya Smruti Mishra, Xuan Qi, Zhengyuan Shen, Shuai Wang, Sangmin Woo, Sullam Jeoung, Yawei Wang, Haozhu Wang, Han Ding, Yuzhe Lu, Zhichao Xu, Yun Zhou, Balasubramaniam Srinivasan, Qiaojing Yan, Yueyan Chen, Haibo Ding, Panpan Xu, Lin Lee Cheong
| Challenge: | Recent advances in prompt engineering have created impediments for end users to adopt . however, prompt engineering remains an impedance due to rapid advances in models, tasks, and associated best practices. |
| Approach: | They propose to define APO as a 5-part unifying framework and categorize all relevant works based on their salient features. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework aims to improve the performance of large language models on various tasks. |
Sentiment-Aware Word and Sentence Level Pre-training for Sentiment Analysis (2022.emnlp-main)
Copied to clipboard
Shuai Fan, Chen Lin, Haonan Li, Zhenghao Lin, Jinsong Su, Hang Zhang, Yeyun Gong, JIan Guo, Nan Duan
| Challenge: | Existing pre-trained language representation models (PLMs) capture sentiment information from word-level while under-considering sentence-level information. |
| Approach: | They propose a Sentiment-aware pre-trained language model with combined Word-level and Sentence-level Pre-training tasks that enhance the PLM’s knowledge about sentiment words. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model achieves state-of-the-art on various sentence-level and aspect-level sentiment classification benchmarks. |
CaMML: Context-Aware Multimodal Learner for Large Models (2024.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | a lightweight module for tuning large multimodal models is introduced . CaMML integrates contextual samples into large models, enabling them to make inferences . |
| Approach: | They introduce a lightweight module for tuning large multimodal models . they have developed two models that have shown exceptional performance . |
| Outcome: | The proposed model outperforms LLaVA-1.5 on ten widely recognized datasets with a noticeable margin. |
Sparsity-Accelerated Training for Large Language Models (2024.findings-acl)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated proficiency across various NLP tasks but often require additional training, such as continual pre-training and supervised fine-tuning. |
| Approach: | They propose to leverage sparsity in pre-trained LLMs to accelerate training by disregarding computations for unimportant neurons. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework achieves comparable or superior performance to standard training while significantly accelerating the process. |
FACTrial: Factorized Clinical Contrastive Training for Scalable Patient-Trial Retrieval (2026.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Existing approaches to patient–trial retrieval rely on generic semantic matching and zero-shot transfer. |
| Approach: | They propose a factorized contrastive training framework that synthesizes diagnosis-aware supervision for scalable patient–trial retrieval. |
| Outcome: | Experiments show that the proposed framework improves quality and recall coverage. |
MaskTab: Scalable Masked Tabular Pretraining with Scaling Laws and Distillation for Industrial Classification (2026.findings-acl)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Tabular data is high-dimensional, riddled with missing entries, and rarely labeled at scale. |
| Approach: | They propose a unified pre-training framework for industrial-scale tabular data . MaskTab encodes missing values via dedicated learnable tokens . |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms XGBoost and MaskTab-L on industrial-scale . it achieves +5.04% AUC and +8.28% KS over prior art under rigorous scaling . |
BoundRL: Efficient Token-level Structured Text Segmentation through Reinforced Boundary Generation (2026.findings-acl)
Copied to clipboard
Haoyuan Li, Zhengyuan Shen, Sullam Jeoung, Yueyan Chen, Jiayu Li, Qi Zhu, Shuai Wang, Vassilis N. Ioannidis, Huzefa Rangwala
| Challenge: | Structured texts often contain elements beyond plain language, such as code snippets, which conventional sentence-level segmentation methods cannot handle effectively. |
| Approach: | They propose a token-level approach that performs efficient token-based text segmentation and label prediction for long structured texts. |
| Outcome: | The proposed approach outperforms existing models on short-shot prompts and SFT and standard RLVR models on complex LLM prompts. |
Alignment for Efficient Tool Calling of Large Language Models (2025.emnlp-main)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Recent advances in tool learning have enabled large language models to integrate external tools, enhancing their task performance by expanding their knowledge boundaries. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that combines probabilistic knowledge boundary estimation with dynamic decision-making to allow LLMs to better assess when to invoke tools based on their confidence. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework shows significant improvements in tool efficiency by reducing unnecessary tool usage. |
VideoPro: Adaptive Program Reasoning for Long Video Understanding (2026.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
Chenglin Li, Feng Han, Yikun Wang, Ruilin Li, Shuai Dong, Haowen Hou, Haitao Li, Qianglong Chen, Feng Tao, Jingqi Tong, Yin Zhang, Jiaqi Wang
| Challenge: | Existing methods for understanding long videos are limited due to the sparsity of visual evidence relevant to a given query. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that enables VideoLLMs to reason over long videos and refine their predictions through executable programs. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms existing methods across long-video understanding benchmarks. |
Code Execution with Pre-trained Language Models (2023.findings-acl)
Copied to clipboard
Chenxiao Liu, Shuai Lu, Weizhu Chen, Daxin Jiang, Alexey Svyatkovskiy, Shengyu Fu, Neel Sundaresan, Nan Duan
| Challenge: | Pre-trained code intelligence models ignore the execution trace and only rely on source code and syntactic structures to understand code execution. |
| Approach: | They develop a mutation-based data augmentation technique to create a Python dataset and task for code execution that challenges existing models. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model outperforms existing models on code execution and shows its potential for zero-shot code-to-code search and text-to code generation. |
SocialEval: Evaluating Social Intelligence of Large Language Models (2025.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
Jinfeng Zhou, Yuxuan Chen, Yihan Shi, Xuanming Zhang, Leqi Lei, Yi Feng, Zexuan Xiong, Miao Yan, Xunzhi Wang, Yaru Cao, Jianing Yin, Shuai Wang, Quanyu Dai, Zhenhua Dong, Hongning Wang, Minlie Huang
| Challenge: | Existing work on LLMs does not address their social intelligence (SI) and their discrepancy with humans. |
| Approach: | They propose a script-based bilingual SI benchmark that integrates outcome-oriented goal achievement evaluation and process-oriented interpersonal ability evaluation by manually crafting narrative scripts. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model is based on a script-based bilingual evaluation paradigm that integrates outcome- and process-oriented evaluation by manually crafting narrative scripts. |
JARVIS or Ultron? A Survey on the Safety and Security Threats of Computer-Using Agents (2026.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
Ada Chen, Yongjiang Wu, Junyuan Zhang, Jingyu Xiao, Shu Yang, Jen-tse Huang, Kun Wang, Wenxuan Wang, Shuai Wang
| Challenge: | Recent advances in computer-using agents have created new safety and security risks . despite the impressive capabilities of CUAs, there are still significant security risks. |
| Approach: | They propose a systematization of knowledge on the safety and security threats of Computer-Using Agents. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework provides a framework for assessing the safety and security risks of computer-using agents. |
Beyond Chain-of-Thought: A Survey of Chain-of-X Paradigms for LLMs (2025.coling-main)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive reasoning abilities when prompted with Chain-of-Thought (CoT). |
| Approach: | They propose to categorize Chain-of-X methods by taxonomies of nodes, i.e., the X in CoX, and application tasks, and then categorise them by taxanomies and discuss potential future directions. |
| Outcome: | The proposed methods are categorised by taxonomies of nodes, i.e., the X in CoX, and application tasks. |
Pay More Attention to Relation Exploration for Knowledge Base Question Answering (2023.findings-acl)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Existing approaches focus on entity representation and final answer reasoning, which results in limited supervision for this task. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that utilizes relations to enhance entity representation and introduce additional supervision. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework improves the F1 score on two benchmark datasets by 5.8% . it improves by 6.7% on WebQSP, better than state-of-the-art methods . |
KnowVrDU: A Unified Knowledge-aware Prompt-Tuning Framework for Visually-rich Document Understanding (2024.lrec-main)
Copied to clipboard
Yunqi Zhang, Yubo Chen, Jingzhe Zhu, Jinyu Xu, Shuai Yang, Zhaoliang Wu, Liang Huang, Yongfeng Huang, Shuai Chen
| Challenge: | Existing methods for integrating layout and image features into pre-training language models are not suitable for few-shot settings. |
| Approach: | They propose to reformulate VrDU tasks into a single question-answering format with task-specific prompts and train the pre-trained model with the parameter-efficient prompt tuning method. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework can be used in few-shot settings and reduces data requirements. |
Beyond Detection: A Defend-and-Summarize Strategy for Robust and Interpretable Rumor Analysis on Social Media (2023.emnlp-main)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Existing detection models for rumors detection are poor interpretability and lack the textual content to detect rumors. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that analyzes the textual content and propagation paths of rumors on social media and provides multi-perspective prediction explanations. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework defends against malicious attacks and provides prediction explanations on three public datasets. |
Improving Multi-Document Summarization through Referenced Flexible Extraction with Credit-Awareness (2022.naacl-main)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Existing approaches to Multi-document summarization are limited due to the extremely long input length. |
| Approach: | They propose an extract-then-abstract Transformer framework to overcome the problem . they leverage pre-trained language models to construct hierarchical extractors and abstractors . |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms baseline models with comparable model sizes and achieves the best results on the Multi-News, Multi-XScience, and WikiCatSum corpora. |
SpecCache: Speculative KV Cache Reuse for Efficient RAG Serving (2026.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
Zijian Wen, Tao Zhang, Shuangwu Chen, Shenghao Ye, Yu Guo, Qirui Chen, Jingxian Shuai, Yunpeng Hou, Huasen He, null Jianyang
| Challenge: | Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) improves LLMs but faces high prefill latency during long contexts. |
| Approach: | They propose a method that uses deep-layer hidden-state norms to guide token selection . they propose to use deep-layered hidden-status norms as a proxy to guide the token selection. |
| Outcome: | The proposed SpecCache outperforms state-of-the-art (SOTA) benchmarks. |
ElasticFlow: One-Step Physics-Consistent Policy with Elastic Time Horizons for Language-Guided Manipulation (2026.findings-acl)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Existing methods for embodied AI use iterative denoising to achieve high latency and lack physical consistency. |
| Approach: | They propose a distillation-free, physics-consistent one-step policy framework that reconstructs the Mean Field Theory by directly modeling the average velocity field. |
| Outcome: | Experiments on LIBERO, CALVIN, and RoboTwin show that the proposed framework outperforms state-of-the-art methods on long-horizon tasks. |
NeuSym-RAG: Hybrid Neural Symbolic Retrieval with Multiview Structuring for PDF Question Answering (2025.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
Ruisheng Cao, Hanchong Zhang, Tiancheng Huang, Zhangyi Kang, Yuxin Zhang, Liangtai Sun, Hanqi Li, Yuxun Miao, Shuai Fan, Lu Chen, Kai Yu
| Challenge: | Existing approaches to retrieval augmented generation neglect PDF structure and layout . individual PDFs often exceed prompt limits and user queries may span multiple documents. |
| Approach: | They propose a hybrid neural symbolic retrieval framework which combines both paradigms in an interactive process. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework organizes semi-structured PDF content into relational database and vectorstore . it defeats both RAG and structured baselines on three PDF-based QA datasets . |
CoMM: Collaborative Multi-Agent, Multi-Reasoning-Path Prompting for Complex Problem Solving (2024.findings-naacl)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown great ability in solving traditional natural language tasks and elementary reasoning tasks with appropriate prompting techniques. |
| Approach: | They propose a collaborative multi-agent, multi-reasoning-path prompting framework that prompts LLMs to play different roles in a problem-solving team and encourages different role-play agents to collaboratively solve the target task. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework is applied to two college-level science problems over competitive baselines. |
Diffusion Language Model Inference with Monte Carlo Tree Search (2026.findings-eacl)
Copied to clipboard
Zheng Huang, Kiran Ramnath, Yueyan Chen, Aosong Feng, Sangmin Woo, Balasubramaniam Srinivasan, Zhichao Xu, Kang Zhou, Shuai Wang, Haibo Ding, Lin Lee Cheong
| Challenge: | Existing methods for inference use heuristics to determine which positions to unmask and which tokens to commit . MEDAL is an inference-time scaling framework that integrates Monte Carlo Tree SEarch initialization for Diffusion Language Model inference. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that integrates Monte Carlo Tree SEarch initialization for Diffusion Language Model inference. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework achieves 22.0% improvement over existing inference strategies across multiple benchmarks. |
GigaSpeech 2: An Evolving, Large-Scale and Multi-domain ASR Corpus for Low-Resource Languages with Automated Crawling, Transcription and Refinement (2025.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
Yifan Yang, Zheshu Song, Jianheng Zhuo, Mingyu Cui, Jinpeng Li, Bo Yang, Yexing Du, Ziyang Ma, Xunying Liu, Ziyuan Wang, Ke Li, Shuai Fan, Kai Yu, Wei-Qiang Zhang, Guoguo Chen, Xie Chen
| Challenge: | GigaSpeech 2 is a large-scale, multi-domain, multilingual speech recognition corpus for low-resource languages. |
| Approach: | They propose a large-scale, multi-domain, multilingual speech recognition corpus for low-resource languages and an automated pipeline for data crawling, transcription, and label refinement. |
| Outcome: | The proposed corpus reduces the word error rate for Thai, Indonesian, and Vietnamese on a realistic YouTube test set by 25% to 40% compared to Whisper large-v3. |
MobiLoRA: Accelerating LoRA-based LLM Inference on Mobile Devices via Context-aware KV Cache Optimization (2025.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | MobiLoRA focuses on optimizing the key-value (KV) caches due to the limited computing and memory resources of mobile devices. |
| Approach: | They propose to optimize the key-value caches due to limited computing resources . they propose similarity-aware delta encoding for semantic-level contexts . |
| Outcome: | The proposed model accelerates LoRA-based LLM inference by 57.6% on mobile devices. |
LearnAct: Few-Shot Mobile GUI Agent with a Unified Demonstration Benchmark (2026.findings-acl)
Copied to clipboard
Guangyi Liu, Pengxiang Zhao, Liang Liu, Zhiming Chen, Yuxiang Chai, Yaozhen Liang, WenHao Wang, Siheng Chen, Zhengxi Lu, Shuai Ren, Hao Wang, Shibo He, Yong Liu, Wenchao Meng
| Challenge: | Mobile GUI agents show promise in automating tasks but face significant generalization challenges in long-tail scenarios. |
| Approach: | They propose a benchmark framework for mobile GUI agents that measures the performance of GUI agents by analyzing their performance. |
| Outcome: | The LearnGUI benchmark outperforms existing methods in offline and online evaluations and demonstrates consistent gains across model architectures. |
Thought-Action Graph Reasoning: Faithful and Efficient Reasoning of Large Language Models via Reusing Past Experience (2026.findings-acl)
Copied to clipboard
Zhixiao Qi, Feng Huang, Yunqi Zhang, Shijie Zhang, Qingqing Sun, Yongfeng Huang, Minghu Jiang, Shuai Chen, Tianyi Zhang
| Challenge: | Existing methods for integrating knowledge graphs with LLMs suffer from poor generalization or low reasoning efficiency. |
| Approach: | They propose a thought-action Graph (TAG) that decomposes LLM-KG interaction trajectories into fine-grained semantic operators and guides LLM to execute on them. |
| Outcome: | The proposed paradigm outperforms state-of-the-art methods on KGQA benchmarks while reducing the number of LLM calls and generated tokens. |
FCM: A Fine-grained Comparison Model for Multi-turn Dialogue Reasoning (2021.findings-emnlp)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Existing neural dialogue models only capture syntactic and semantic information, but fail to model the logical consistency between the dialogue history and the generated response. |
| Approach: | They propose a fine-grained comparison model to capture syntactic and semantic information and then compare each candidate's representation with the whole history to obtain a history consistency representation. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model obtains higher ranking scores than baseline models on two public dialogue datasets. |
UrbanLLM: Autonomous Urban Activity Planning and Management with Large Language Models (2024.findings-emnlp)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | UrbanLLM is a fine-tuned large language model designed to tackle diverse urban problems. |
| Approach: | They propose a fine-tuned large language model to tackle diverse urban problems . UrbanLLM decomposes urban-related queries into manageable sub-tasks . |
| Outcome: | The proposed model outperforms existing models in urban planning and management tasks. |
Adversary-Aware Rumor Detection (2021.findings-acl)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Existing rumor detection models do not detect malicious attacks, e.g., framing. |
| Approach: | They propose a weighted-edge transformer-graph network and position-aware Adversarial Response Generator to improve the vulnerability of detection models. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework achieves state-of-the-art on various rumor detection tasks and maintains performance under adversarial learning. |
DocEE: A Large-Scale and Fine-grained Benchmark for Document-level Event Extraction (2022.naacl-main)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Existing datasets focus on sentence-level event extraction, but document-level EE is limited due to the lack of large-scale and practical training and evaluation datasets. |
| Approach: | They propose a document-level event extraction dataset with 27,000+ events and 180,000+ arguments. |
| Outcome: | The proposed dataset includes 27,000+ events, 180,000+ arguments and large-scale manual annotations, fine-grained argument types and application-oriented settings. |
ACEBench: A Comprehensive Evaluation of LLM Tool Usage (2025.findings-emnlp)
Copied to clipboard
Chen Chen, Xinlong Hao, Weiwen Liu, Xu Huang, Xingshan Zeng, Shuai Yu, Dexun Li, Yuefeng Huang, Xiangcheng Liu, Wang Xinzhi, Wu Liu
| Challenge: | Existing benchmarks for evaluating LLMs’ tool usage face several limitations: limited evaluation scenarios, lacking assessments in real multi-turn dialogue contexts; narrow evaluation dimensions, with insufficient detailed assessments of how LLM use tools; and reliance on LLM or real API executions for evaluation, which introduces significant overhead. |
| Approach: | ACEBench is a benchmark for evaluating tool usage in Large Language Models . it categorizes data into three primary types based on evaluation methodology: Normal, Special, and Agent. |
| Outcome: | ACEBench categorizes data into three primary types based on evaluation methodology: Normal, Special, and Agent. |
Enhancing Efficiency and Exploration in Reinforcement Learning for LLMs (2025.emnlp-main)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Existing approaches allocate an equal number of rollouts to all questions during the RL process, which is inefficient. |
| Approach: | They propose a mechanism for dynamically allocating rollout budgets based on the difficulty of the problems, enabling more efficient RL training. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model improves response precision while preserving exploratory ability to uncover potential correct pathways. |
RiT: Rubrics-in-Thinking Reinforcement Learning for Improved Reasoning in Large Language Models (2026.findings-acl)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Large Reasoning Models benefit from generating intermediate reasoning steps alongside final answers. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework to introduce thinking-rubric supervision into intermediate reasoning. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms outcome-only RL baselines on reasoning-intensive and open-ended tasks. |
A Knowledge-Driven Approach to Classifying Object and Attribute Coreferences in Opinion Mining (2020.findings-emnlp)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Existing methods to classify and resolve coreferences in opinionated reviews require domain-specific knowledge. |
| Approach: | They propose to automatically mine domain-specific knowledge for opinionated reviews by combining it with commonsense knowledge. |
| Outcome: | The proposed approach extracts domain-specific knowledge from unlabeled review data and trains a knowledgeaware neural coreference classification model to leverage commonsense knowledge for the task. |
Triangular Architecture for Rare Language Translation (P18-1)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Empirical results show that Neural Machine Translation (NMT) performs poor on low-resource pairs especially when Z is a rare language. |
| Approach: | They propose a triangular triangulation technique to leverage bilingual data to optimize the translation performance of low-resource pairs. |
| Outcome: | Empirical results show that the proposed architecture significantly improves translation quality of rare languages on MultiUN and IWSLT2012 datasets and even better when combining back-translation methods. |
SQL-Trail: Multi-Turn Reinforcement Learning with Interleaved Feedback for Text-to-SQL (2026.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
Harper Hua, Zhen Han, Zhengyuan Shen, Meng-Chieh Lee, Sheng Guan, Qi Zhu, Sullam Jeoung, Yueyan Chen, Yunfei Bai, Shuai Wang, Vassilis N. Ioannidis, Huzefa Rangwala
| Challenge: | Recent large language models (LLMs) have significantly improved Text-to-SQL generation, but a gap remains between AI systems and human experts on challenging benchmarks such as BIRD-Sql. |
| Approach: | They propose a multi-turn reinforcement learning agentic framework for Text-to-SQL that uses execution feedback to iteratively refine its predictions. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms proprietary systems on 7B and 14B models by **5% on average, underscoring the effectiveness of interactive, agentic workflows for robust Text-to-SQL generation. |
Exploring Question Guidance and Answer Calibration for Visually Grounded Video Question Answering (2024.findings-emnlp)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Existing methods for videoQA lack temporal localization labels, leading to inaccurate localization. |
| Approach: | They propose a Question-Guided and Answer-Calibrated TRansformer which guides and calibrates localization using question and option texts without localization labels. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model achieves comparable accuracy to large-scale pretrained models and leads in localization aspects. |
Bilateral Masking with prompt for Knowledge Graph Completion (2024.findings-naacl)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Existing word matching methods fail to obtain satisfactory single embedding representations for entities. |
| Approach: | They propose a bi-encoder-based approach to enhance entity representations by using prompts to narrow the distance between the predicted entity and the known entity. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model achieves state-of-the-art performance on the WN18RR dataset. |
RISK: A Framework for GUI Agents in E-commerce Risk Management (2026.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
Renqi Chen, Zeyin Tao, Jianming Guo, Jingzhe Zhu, Yiheng Peng, Qingqing Sun, Tianyi Zhang, Shuai Chen
| Challenge: | RISK is a framework designed to automate multi-step web interactions in e-commerce risk management. |
| Approach: | a new framework is designed to build and deploy GUI agents for e-commerce risk management . RISK-R1 provides a scalable, domain-specific solution for automating complex web interactions . |
| Outcome: | RISK provides a scalable, domain-specific solution for automating complex web interactions in e-commerce risk management. |
Gold-Medal-Level Olympiad Geometry Solving with Efficient Heuristic Auxiliary Constructions (2026.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
Boyan Duan, Xiao Liang, Shuai Lu, Yaoxiang Wang, Yelong Shen, Kai-Wei Chang, Ying Nian Wu, Mao Yang, Weizhu Chen, Yeyun Gong
| Challenge: | Existing methods for geometry theorem proving in Euclidean geometry are challenging and require a neural network to perform. |
| Approach: | They propose a method for adding auxiliary points in geometry that runs on CPUs without relying on neural network-based inference. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method achieves silver-medal-level human performance on IMO-30 benchmark. |
AGIEval: A Human-Centric Benchmark for Evaluating Foundation Models (2024.findings-naacl)
Copied to clipboard
Wanjun Zhong, Ruixiang Cui, Yiduo Guo, Yaobo Liang, Shuai Lu, Yanlin Wang, Amin Saied, Weizhu Chen, Nan Duan
| Challenge: | Traditional benchmarks for evaluating foundation models often fail to accurately represent their general abilities for human-centric tasks. |
| Approach: | They propose a bilingual benchmark to assess foundation models in the context of human-centric standardized exams such as college entrance exams, law school admission tests, and math competitions. |
| Outcome: | The proposed benchmark exceeds the average human performance on SAT, LSAT, and math competitions with 95% accuracy and 92.5% on the Chinese college entrance English exam. |
ATAAT: Adaptive Threat-Aware Adversarial Tuning Framework against Backdoor Attacks on Vision-Language-Action Models (2026.findings-acl)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Existing backdoor models rely on visual inputs for instruction parsing, rendering the perception pathway a critical attack surface. |
| Approach: | They propose an Adaptive Threat-Aware Adversarial Tuning framework that detects and decouples the optimal gradient decoupling strategy based on the adversary's capabilities. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework achieves a highly robust targeted attack success rate while maintaining extreme stealthiness with a 5% poisoning rate. |
Breaking the Reviewer: Assessing the Vulnerability of Large Language Models in Automated Peer Review Under Textual Adversarial Attacks (2025.findings-emnlp)
Copied to clipboard
Tzu-Ling Lin, Wei-Chih Chen, Teng-Fang Hsiao, Hou-I Liu, Ya-Hsin Yeh, Yu-Kai Chan, Wen-Sheng Lien, Po-Yen Kuo, Philip S. Yu, Hong-Han Shuai
| Challenge: | Large language models (LLMs) are used to review academic papers, but are susceptible to textual adversarial attacks. |
| Approach: | They evaluate the robustness of large language models as automated reviewers in the presence of adversarial attacks. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model is robust against textual adversarial attacks, the authors argue . their findings highlight the importance of addressing adversarials to ensure integrity of scholarly communication. |
GraphOTTER: Evolving LLM-based Graph Reasoning for Complex Table Question Answering (2025.coling-main)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Existing methods for complex table question answering are often implicit, feeding the entire table into prompts. |
| Approach: | They propose a GraphOTTER that explicitly establishes the reasoning process to pinpoint the correct answers. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method is able to identify the correct answers on two benchmark datasets and two LLM backbones. |
RetrieverGuard: Empowering Information Retrieval to Combat LLM-Generated Misinformation (2025.findings-naacl)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in generating human-like text and can store factual knowledge within their extensive parameters. |
| Approach: | They propose a self-supervised training method that captures textual rules and styles of false information from the corpus without human-labelled data. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method can capture rules and styles of false information from the corpus without human-labelled data, achieving higher accuracy and robustness in identifying misleading and highly deceptive AI-generated content. |
Competition-Level Problems are Effective LLM Evaluators (2024.findings-acl)
Copied to clipboard
Yiming Huang, Zhenghao Lin, Xiao Liu, Yeyun Gong, Shuai Lu, Fangyu Lei, Yaobo Liang, Yelong Shen, Chen Lin, Nan Duan, Weizhu Chen
| Challenge: | Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning capabilities, yet there is ongoing debate about their capabilities and the potential data contamination problem. |
| Approach: | They propose to evaluate the reasoning capabilities of large language models in solving recent competition-level programming problems in Codeforces. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model has experienced a cliff-like decline in problems after September 2021, which shows the potential data contamination and the challenges for any existing LLM to solve unseen complex reasoning problems. |
SOLAR-RL: Semi-Online Long-horizon Assignment Reinforcement Learning (2026.findings-acl)
Copied to clipboard
Jichao Wang, Liuyang Bian, Yufeng Zhou, Han Xiao, Yue Pan, Guozhi Wang, Hao Wang, Zhaoxiong Wang, Yafei Wen, Xiaoxin Chen, Shuai Ren, Lingfang Zeng
| Challenge: | Existing approaches to training GUI agents on dynamic tasks are based on SFT or Behavior Cloning. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that integrates global trajectory insights directly into offline learning . they reconstruct diverse rollout candidates from static data and detect first failure point . |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework improves long-horizon task completion rates and robustness compared to baselines. |