Papers by Yu Xing

39 papers
LLMs Assist NLP Researchers: Critique Paper (Meta-)Reviewing (2024.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: a comparative analysis of paper (meta-)reviews by large language models (LLMs) aims to identify and distinguish LLMs from human activities .
Approach: They present a comparative analysis to identify and distinguish LLM activities from human activities.
Outcome: The proposed analysis aims to improve recognition of instances when someone implicitly uses LLMs for reviewing activities.
HTML: Hierarchical Topology Multi-task Learning for Semantic Parsing in Knowledge Base Question Answering (2025.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing approaches struggle with mapping questions to precise logical forms . Existing frameworks struggle with complex mapping of questions to logical form .
Approach: They propose a framework that leverages a hierarchical multi-task learning paradigm to enhance the performance of logical form generation.
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms supervised fine-tuning methods and training-free ones on large language models.
Know Your Place: Diagnosing Implicit Social Adaptation Failures in Chinese Large Language Models (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing studies suggest that failures of large language models in social contexts are not due to limited linguistic competence, but to inappropriate recognition.
Approach: They propose a framework that decomposes social adaptation into three orthogonal dimensions and conduct controlled comparisons across multiple Chinese LLMs under implicit and explicit conditions.
Outcome: The proposed framework decomposes social adaptation into three orthogonal dimensions and conducts controlled comparisons across multiple Chinese LLMs under implicit and explicit conditions.
Skeleton-Guided-Translation: A Benchmarking Framework for Code Repository Translation with Fine-Grained Quality Evaluation (2025.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing code translation benchmarks focus on individual functions, overlooking repository-level challenges like intermodule coherence and dependency management.
Approach: They propose a framework for benchmarking Java-to-C# translation at the repository level . it uses a translation framework guided by skeletons and fine-grained quality evaluation .
Outcome: The proposed framework improves Java-to-C# translation quality at the repository level.
Exploiting the Index Gradients for Optimization-Based Jailbreaking on Large Language Models (2025.coling-main)

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Challenge: Despite advances in training Large Language Models, they remain vulnerable to jailbreak, an adversarial attack method.
Approach: They propose an adversarial jailbreak algorithm that exploits the gradient information of the suffix tokens to accelerate the optimization process.
Outcome: The proposed model achieves 1.5x speedup while maintaining high attack success rates.
Know-MRI: A Knowledge Mechanisms Revealer&Interpreter for Large Language Models (2025.acl-demo)

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Challenge: Existing interpretation methods only support tasks with specific inputs, limiting their practical applications.
Approach: They propose an extensible module that matches different input data with interpretation methods and consolidates the interpreting outputs.
Outcome: The proposed module can match different input data with interpretation methods and consolidate the interpreting outputs.
BrailleLLM: Braille Instruction Tuning with Large Language Models for Braille Domain Tasks (2025.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing Braille research focuses on isolated tasks while mixed-content Braille tasks face data scarcity and ambiguities.
Approach: They propose a syntax tree-based augmentation method tailored for Braille data.
Outcome: The proposed method improves Braille translation, formula-to-Braille conversion, and mixed-text translation.
Uncertainty-Aware Semantic Augmentation for Neural Machine Translation (2020.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing methods for neural machine translation only observe one source sentence at training time . this discrepancy in data distribution leads to a formidable learning challenge .
Approach: They propose an uncertainty-aware semantic augmentation approach to capture universal semantic information among multiple source sentences and enhance hidden representations with this information.
Outcome: The proposed approach outperforms baseline and existing methods on translation tasks.
LaTeX2Solver: a Hierarchical Semantic Parsing of LaTeX Document into Code for an Assistive Optimization Modeling Application (2023.acl-demo)

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Challenge: Existing systems that translate optimization formulas manually are cumbersome and time-consuming.
Approach: They propose a system that converts optimization formulas from TeX document to solver language.
Outcome: The proposed system helps operations research practitioners convert optimization formulations into solver modeling languages.
S2O: Early Stopping for Sparse Attention via Online Permutation (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing block-granularity sparsification can reduce latency, but coarse blocks impose an intrinsic sparsity ceiling.
Approach: They propose a method that performs early stopping for sparse attention via online permutation.
Outcome: The proposed approach reduces the complexity of the model and its performance.
MultiFileTest: A Multi-File-Level LLM Unit Test Generation Benchmark and Impact of Error Fixing Mechanisms (2026.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing evaluation benchmarks for LLM unit test generation focus on function-level code rather than on more practical, challenging multi-file codebases.
Approach: They propose a multi-file-level benchmark for unit test generation covering Python, Java, and JavaScript.
Outcome: The proposed benchmarks show that most LLMs exhibit moderate performance on MultiFileTest, highlighting the benchmark’s inherent difficulty.
STAD: Self-Training with Ambiguous Data for Low-Resource Relation Extraction (2022.coling-1)

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Challenge: Existing approaches for low-resource relation extraction use only confident instances and uncertain instances.
Approach: They propose a self-training approach for low-resource relation extraction using auto-annotated instances.
Outcome: The proposed method improves on two widely used datasets with low-resource settings.
Taking Actions Separately: A Bidirectionally-Adaptive Transfer Learning Method for Low-Resource Neural Machine Translation (2022.coling-1)

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Challenge: Existing approaches to train NMT models rely on sparse parallel data . a variety of PC variants yield significant improvements for low-resource NMT .
Approach: They propose to transfer well-trained NMT models to low-resource languages by bidirectionally-adaptive learning strategy . they divide inner constituents of Parent encoder into two "teams" aiming to adapt to characteristics of low- and high-resourced languages .
Outcome: The proposed method improves on low-resource NMT models with a variety of PC variants.
GS-Quant: Granular Semantic and Generative Structural Quantization for Knowledge Graph Completion (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing quantization-based approaches to knowledge Graph Completion (KGC) are incomplete.
Approach: They propose a framework that generates semantically coherent discrete codes for KG entities . they introduce a Granular Semantic Enhancement module that injects hierarchical knowledge into the codebook .
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms existing text-based and embedding-based baselines in the KGC domain.
Bi-directional CognitiveThinking Network for Machine Reading Comprehension (2020.coling-main)

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Challenge: Existing methods for reading comprehension are still in their infancy at the level of cognitive intelligence.
Approach: They propose a bi-directional cognitive knowledge framework to simulate reverse thinking and inertial thinking in the brain to answer questions.
Outcome: The proposed framework shows that bi-directional knowledge helps the QA task.
HieRec: Hierarchical User Interest Modeling for Personalized News Recommendation (2021.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing news recommendation methods learn a single user embedding for each user from their previous behaviors to represent their overall interest. Existing methods only learn 'one' embeddable representation vectors to model user interest.
Approach: They propose a news recommendation method with hierarchical user interest modeling that captures user interest in news rather than a single user embedding.
Outcome: The proposed method can better capture multi-grained user interest in news.
RolePlot: A Systematic Framework for Evaluating and Enhancing the Plot-Progression Capabilities of Role-Playing Agents (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing research has focused on role-playing agents’ ability to portray specified characters, but their ability to advance the plot requires substantial improvements to deliver more engaging interaction.
Approach: They propose a role-playing framework to evaluate and enhance the plot-progression capabilities of role-players.
Outcome: The proposed framework improves RPAs’ ability to time plot developments and yields a significant increase in conversation turns and sustained higher arousal levels.
GEM: Gestalt Enhanced Markup Language Model for Web Understanding via Render Tree (2023.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing models that use plain HTMLs do not include crucial visual information in the rendered web.
Approach: They propose a Gestalt Enhanced Markup Language Model for hosting visual information without visual input.
Outcome: The proposed model can handle multiple downstream tasks without visual input.
Sequential-NIAH: A Needle-In-A-Haystack Benchmark for Extracting Sequential Needles from Long Contexts (2025.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Recent models have extended Corresponding Author. context lengths to millions of tokens while maintaining reasoning and comprehension capabilities.
Approach: They propose a benchmark to evaluate the ability of large language models to extract sequential information items from long contexts.
Outcome: The proposed model achieves maximum accuracy of 63.50% on six well-known LLMs.
MCP-Guard: A Multi-Stage Defense-in-Depth Framework for Securing Model Context Protocol in Agentic AI (2026.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) are vulnerable to jailbreak, authors say . authors propose a robust, layered defense architecture designed for LLM–tool interactions .
Approach: They propose a robust, layered defense architecture designed for LLM–tool interactions . they propose XCP-Guard, which employs a three-stage detection pipeline .
Outcome: The proposed model achieves 96.01% accuracy in identifying adversarial prompts . the model is based on a three-stage detection pipeline that balances efficiency with accuracy .
PREE: Towards Harmless and Adaptive Fingerprint Editing in Large Language Models via Knowledge Prefix Enhancement (2025.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing black-box fingerprinting techniques rely on overfitting high-perplexity trigger patterns . experimental results show that model editing in the fingerprint domain exhibits unique advantages .
Approach: They propose a prefix-enhanced fingerprint editing framework that encodes copyright information into parameter offsets through dual-channel knowledge edit to achieve covert embedding of fingerprint features.
Outcome: The proposed model editing framework achieves 90% trigger precision in mainstream architectures . the proposed model editor achieves the 90% accuracy in mainstream models .
MMLU-ProX: A Multilingual Benchmark for Advanced Large Language Model Evaluation (2025.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing large language model evaluation benchmarks focus on English, while current multilingual tasks lack parallel questions that specifically assess cross-lingual reasoning abilities.
Approach: They propose a comprehensive benchmark covering 29 languages, built on an English benchmark.
Outcome: The MMLU-ProX is a comprehensive benchmark covering 29 languages, built on an English benchmark.
SPS: Steering Probability Squeezing for Better Exploration in Reinforcement Learning for Large Language Models (2026.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Reinforcement learning (RL) training typically improves single-sample success rates but limited exploration of diverse reasoning trajectories.
Approach: They propose a training paradigm that interleaves conventional RL with inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) they propose 'Steering Probability Squeezing' to enhance exploration without external supervision .
Outcome: The proposed training paradigm improves Pass@k and improves exploration of diverse reasoning trajectories without external supervision.
Can AI Revise Research Papers with Human Review Feedback? An Empirical Study and Benchmark (2026.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) are fundamentally reshaping the scientific landscape, transitioning the role of AI from passive tools to active partners within a new paradigm of Human-AI collaboration.
Approach: They propose a benchmark to evaluate the ability of Large Language Models to improve papers with human feedback.
Outcome: The proposed benchmark tests the skills of Large Language Models (LLMs) on paper interpretation, experimental implementation, and paper formulation, using authors’ camera-ready versions as natural human baselines.
On the Generation of Medical Dialogs for COVID-19 (2021.acl-short)

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Challenge: under the pandemic of COVID-19, people experiencing COVI D19-related symptoms have a pressing need to consult doctors.
Approach: They develop a medical dialog system that can provide COVID19-related consultations . they use two dialog datasets containing conversations between doctors and patients .
Outcome: The proposed system can provide COVID19-related consultations, but is too small compared with general-domain dialog datasets.
Generating Multiple-Length Summaries via Reinforcement Learning for Unsupervised Sentence Summarization (2022.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing models to summarize texts without ground-truth summaries are extractive, which remove words from texts and thus are less flexible than abstractive models.
Approach: They propose an unsupervised model that extracts words from texts and makes them mutually enhance each other.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms both abstractive and extractive models, while generating new words not contained in input texts.
A Survey of Reinforcement Learning for Large Language Models under Data Scarcity: Challenges and Solutions (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing research on reinforcement learning for LLMs under data scarcity has not been unified.
Approach: They propose a top-up hierarchical framework built around three complementary perspectives: data-centric, training-centric and framework-centric.
Outcome: The proposed framework provides a clear conceptual foundation for understanding the design space of data-efficient RL for large language models and to guide researchers working in this emerging area.
Rethinking the Video Sampling and Reasoning Strategies for Temporal Sentence Grounding (2022.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing methods for temporal sentence grounding ignore two crucial issues . 1) Boundary-bias: the video downsampling process may lose these two frames . 2) Reasoning-biases: such incorrect new boundary frames lead to the reasoning bias .
Approach: They propose a siamese sampling mechanism to generate additional contextual frames . they use a reasoning strategy to learn the inter-relationship among these frames a .
Outcome: Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of a new siamese sampling network on three challenging datasets.
Thermometer of Thoughts: Enhancing LLM’s Exploration via Attention Temperature Modulation (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: Recent advances in the reasoning capabilities of large language models have enabled them to tackle complex tasks such as mathematics reasoning.
Approach: They propose a method that modulates attention temperature dynamically to shift LLM's internal focus during reasoning, enabling a dynamic shift between exploratory and focused modes.
Outcome: The proposed method improves Pass@10 by 6.78–14.20% and aggregation accuracy by 9.74% across 7 reasoning benchmarks.
TSPO: Breaking the Double Homogenization Dilemma in Multi-turn Search Policy Optimization (2026.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) can solve complex tasks through iterative information retrieval.
Approach: They propose a turn-level stage-aware policy optimization approach to solve this problem . they introduce a first-occurrence latent reward mechanism to allocate partial rewards .
Outcome: Experiments show that TSPO outperforms state-of-the-art models on Qwen2.5-3B and 7B models.
Measuring Human Contribution in AI-Assisted Content Generation (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: generative AI has created a new way to generate content with humans . varying degrees of human contribution in content generation poses significant challenges for the delineation of originality .
Approach: They propose a framework to measure human contribution in AI-assisted content generation by calculating mutual information between human input and AI-aided output relative to self-information of AI-assist output.
Outcome: The proposed measure discriminates between varying degrees of human contribution across multiple creative domains and is validated in real-world applications.
Is Cognition Consistent with Perception? Assessing and Mitigating Multimodal Knowledge Conflicts in Document Understanding (2025.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in document understanding due to different types of annotation noise in training.
Approach: They propose a method to reduce C&P knowledge conflicts across all tested MLLMs . they propose to use annotation noise to train models to understand document content .
Outcome: The proposed method reduces C&P knowledge conflicts across all tested MLLMs and enhances their performance in both cognitive and perceptual tasks.
CoLLiE: Collaborative Training of Large Language Models in an Efficient Way (2023.emnlp-demo)

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Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly pivotal in a wide range of tasks . however, the resources required for training these models necessitate efficient solutions .
Approach: They propose a library that facilitates collaborative training of large language models . they use 3D parallelism, parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods and optimizers .
Outcome: The proposed library has proven superior training efficiency in comparison with prevalent solutions in pre-training and fine-tuning scenarios.
Multi-Granularity Fusion Text Semantic Matching Based on WoBERT (2024.lrec-main)

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Challenge: Existing text-matching methods struggle with semantic nuances in short texts . a novel approach to improve text semantic matching is being developed .
Approach: They propose a multi-granularity fusion model that harnesses a pre-trained language model to capture text semantic nuances.
Outcome: The proposed model improves on Chinese short text matching datasets compared to traditional methods . the proposed model captures individual text semantic nuances and improves accuracy .
DocHieNet: A Large and Diverse Dataset for Document Hierarchy Parsing (2024.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing methods for document hierarchy parsing are limited due to the small scale and inconsistency of datasets.
Approach: They propose a document hierarchy parsing dataset to compensate for the data scarcity problem and propose 'dHP' framework to grasp fine-grained text content and coarse-grounded pattern at layout element level.
Outcome: The proposed framework grasps both fine-grained text content and coarse-grounded pattern at layout element level, enhancing the capacity of pre-trained text-layout models in handling multi-page and multi-level challenges.
A Study on the Calibration of In-context Learning (2024.naacl-long)

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Challenge: Prior research has demonstrated improvements in the calibration of language models (LMs) in-context learning is a popular method for adapting static LMs to safety-critical domains.
Approach: They use in-context learning to adapt static language models through tailored prompts to a wide range of tasks and find that miscalibration occurs in low-shot settings.
Outcome: The proposed calibrations show that models exhibit increased miscalibration before achieving better calibration in low-shot settings.
KIEval: A Knowledge-grounded Interactive Evaluation Framework for Large Language Models (2024.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing methods to detect contaminated texts focus on quantifying contamination status instead of accurately gauging model performance.
Approach: They propose a Knowledge-grounded Interactive Evaluation framework which incorporates an LLM-powered “interactor” role for the first time to accomplish a dynamic contamination-resilient evaluation.
Outcome: The proposed framework is based on a question in a standard LLM benchmark and can be used to evaluate models in real-world conversations.
Unleashing Low-Bit Inference on Ascend NPUs: A Comprehensive Evaluation of HiFloat Formats (2026.acl-industry)

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Challenge: Low-bit floating-point formats like MXFP and NVFP4 offer new opportunities for precision and efficiency.
Approach: They evaluate HiFloat (HiF8 and HiF4), a family of floating-point formats tailored for Ascend NPUs.
Outcome: The proposed formats excel with high-variance data and are compatible with state-of-the-art quantization frameworks.
RTE-GMoE: A Model-agnostic Approach for Relation Triplet Extraction via Graph-based Mixture-of-Expert Mutual Learning (2025.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Relation Triplet Extraction (RTE) is a fundamental while challenge task in knowledge acquisition.
Approach: They propose a mutual learning framework for Relation Triplet Extraction to address this limitation.
Outcome: The proposed framework improves on four state-of-the-art backbones and benchmarks.

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