Papers by Yu Kang
Low-Resource Comparative Opinion Quintuple Extraction by Data Augmentation with Prompting (2023.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Comparative Opinion Quintuple Extraction (COQE) aims to predict comparative opinion quintuples from comparative sentences. |
| Approach: | They propose a low-resource approach to extract comparative opinion quintuples from comparative sentences . they propose augmentation using ChatGPT and a data-centric approach . |
| Outcome: | The proposed approach improves the existing pipeline-based method and achieves state-of-the-art results. |
MenatQA: A New Dataset for Testing the Temporal Comprehension and Reasoning Abilities of Large Language Models (2023.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Large language models (LLMs) have shown nearly saturated performance on many NLP tasks. |
| Approach: | They construct multiple sensitive factors time QA which encompasses three temporal factors . they test current mainstream LLMs with different parameter sizes . |
| Outcome: | The proposed model incorporates three temporal factors with 2,853 samples . the results show that LLMs fall behind smaller models on these factors . |
BANER: Boundary-Aware LLMs for Few-Shot Named Entity Recognition (2025.coling-main)
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| Challenge: | Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a fundamental task in Natural Language Processing (NLP) that aims to detect the entity spans of text and classify them into pre-defined set of entity types. |
| Approach: | They propose a boundary-aware contrastive learning strategy to enhance the LLM’s ability to perceive entity boundaries for generalized entity spans. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms prior methods and validates its effectiveness across a range of LLM architectures. |
FOREVER: Forgetting Curve-Inspired Memory Replay for Language Model Continual Learning (2026.acl-long)
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Yujie Feng, Hao Wang, Jian Li, Xu Chu, Zhaolu Kang, Yiran Liu, Yasha Wang, Philip S. Yu, Xiao-Ming Wu
| Challenge: | Continual learning (CL) for large language models (LLMs) aims to enable sequential knowledge acquisition without catastrophic forgetting. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that aligns replay schedules with a model-centric notion of time. |
| Outcome: | Experiments on three benchmarks show that FOREVER consistently mitigates catastrophic forgetting. |
TexSmart: A System for Enhanced Natural Language Understanding (2021.acl-demo)
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Lemao Liu, Haisong Zhang, Haiyun Jiang, Yangming Li, Enbo Zhao, Kun Xu, Linfeng Song, Suncong Zheng, Botong Zhou, Dick Zhu, Xiao Feng, Tao Chen, Tao Yang, Dong Yu, Feng Zhang, ZhanHui Kang, Shuming Shi
| Challenge: | TexSmart supports fine-grained named entity recognition (NER) Large-scale fine-granular entity types are expected to provide richer semantic information for downstream NLP applications. |
| Approach: | They introduce TexSmart, a text understanding system that supports fine-grained named entity recognition (NER) and enhanced semantic analysis functionalities. |
| Outcome: | The proposed system supports fine-grained named entity recognition (NER) and enhanced semantic analysis functions. |
Skeleton-Guided-Translation: A Benchmarking Framework for Code Repository Translation with Fine-Grained Quality Evaluation (2025.findings-emnlp)
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Xing Zhang, Jiaheng Wen, Fangkai Yang, Yu Kang, Pu Zhao, Junhao Wang, Maoquan Wang, Yufan Huang, Shengyu Fu, Elsie Nallipogu, Qingwei Lin, Yingnong Dang, Saravan Rajmohan, Dongmei Zhang
| Challenge: | Existing code translation benchmarks focus on individual functions, overlooking repository-level challenges like intermodule coherence and dependency management. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework for benchmarking Java-to-C# translation at the repository level . it uses a translation framework guided by skeletons and fine-grained quality evaluation . |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework improves Java-to-C# translation quality at the repository level. |
Know-MRI: A Knowledge Mechanisms Revealer&Interpreter for Large Language Models (2025.acl-demo)
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Jiaxiang Liu, Boxuan Xing, Chenhao Yuan, ChenxiangZhang ChenxiangZhang, Di Wu, Xiusheng Huang, Haida Yu, Chuhan Lang, Pengfei Cao, Jun Zhao, Kang Liu
| Challenge: | Existing interpretation methods only support tasks with specific inputs, limiting their practical applications. |
| Approach: | They propose an extensible module that matches different input data with interpretation methods and consolidates the interpreting outputs. |
| Outcome: | The proposed module can match different input data with interpretation methods and consolidate the interpreting outputs. |
UTBoost: Rigorous Evaluation of Coding Agents on SWE-Bench (2025.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Large language models have enabled the development of coding agents for real-world code generation. |
| Approach: | They propose a novel LLM-driven test case generator that analyzes codebases and dependencies to generate test cases for real-world Python projects. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework improves the performance of SWE-Bench by analyzing codebases and dependencies. |
SafeSteer: A Decoding-level Defense Mechanism for Multimodal Large Language Models (2026.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Existing defense methods rely on fine-tuning or inefficient post-hoc interventions, limiting their ability to address novel attacks. |
| Approach: | They propose a decoding-level defense mechanism that employs a lightweight discriminator to iteratively steer the decoding process toward safety. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method improves safety performance by up to 33.40% without fine-tuning on multiple MLLMs. |
UFO: A UI-Focused Agent for Windows OS Interaction (2025.naacl-long)
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Chaoyun Zhang, Liqun Li, Shilin He, Xu Zhang, Bo Qiao, Si Qin, Minghua Ma, Yu Kang, Qingwei Lin, Saravan Rajmohan, Dongmei Zhang, Qi Zhang
| Challenge: | UFO is a UI-Fcused agent designed to fulfill user requests tailored to Windows OS applications . it decomposes user requests using divide-and-conquer approach, enabling seamless navigation and addressing sub-tasks across multiple applications. |
| Approach: | They propose a UI-Fcused Windows OS agent that decomposes user requests using a divide-and-conquer approach and incorporates a control interaction module tailored for Windows OS. |
| Outcome: | The proposed agent decomposes user requests using divide-and-conquer approach, enabling seamless navigation and addressing sub-tasks across multiple applications. |
DI-BENCH: Benchmarking Large Language Models on Dependency Inference with Testable Repositories at Scale (2025.findings-acl)
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Linghao Zhang, Junhao Wang, Shilin He, Chaoyun Zhang, Yu Kang, Bowen Li, Jiaheng Wen, Chengxing Xie, Maoquan Wang, Yufan Huang, Elsie Nallipogu, Qingwei Lin, Yingnong Dang, Saravan Rajmohan, Dongmei Zhang, Qi Zhang
| Challenge: | Existing studies highlight that dependency-related issues cause over 40% of observed runtime errors on the generated repository. |
| Approach: | They propose a large-scale benchmark and evaluation framework specifically designed to assess LLMs’ capability on dependency inference. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model achieves only a 48% execution pass rate on Python, indicating room for improvement. |
Pearl: A Review-driven Persona-Knowledge Grounded Conversational Recommendation Dataset (2024.findings-acl)
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Minjin Kim, Minju Kim, Hana Kim, Beong-woo Kwak, SeongKu Kang, Youngjae Yu, Jinyoung Yeo, Dongha Lee
| Challenge: | Existing datasets for conversational recommender systems lack specific user preferences and explanations for recommendations . current datasets lack specific preferences, hindering high-quality recommendations despite advances in large language models . |
| Approach: | They propose to synthesize a conversational recommendation dataset with persona- and knowledge-augmented LLM simulators to address these challenges. |
| Outcome: | The proposed dataset outperforms baselines in human and automatic evaluations. |
INSPIRED: Toward Sociable Recommendation Dialog Systems (2020.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing studies on recommendation dialog systems lack a study on communication strategies used by human speakers for making successful and persuasive recommendations. |
| Approach: | They propose to annotate a dataset of human-human movie recommendation dialogs with sociable recommendation strategies. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model outperforms the baseline model in automatic and human evaluation. |
Continuous Speech Tokenizer in Text To Speech (2025.findings-naacl)
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| Challenge: | Autoregressive modeling is a common method for processing language sequences and is effective in token prediction. |
| Approach: | They propose a text-to-speech model based on continuous speech tokens and a continuous tokenizer for speech compression. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model has better continuity and higher estimated Mean Opinion Scores (MoS) this is attributed to better information preservation rate across low and high frequencies in the frequency domain. |
PQR: Improving Dense Retrieval via Potential Query Modeling (2025.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing training data is sparse, with each document associated with one or a few labeled queries. |
| Approach: | They propose a training-free potential query retrieval framework to address this problem . they use a Gaussian mixture distribution to model all potential queries for a document . |
| Outcome: | The proposed method is able to capture comprehensive semantic information from a document with multiple queries. |
ExpNote: Black-box Large Language Models are better Task Solvers with Experience Notebook (2023.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown great power in solving various tasks but fail in many specific tasks. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework to help black-box LLMs better adapt to unfamiliar tasks by reflecting and noting experiences from training data and retrieving them from external memory during testing. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework improves the performance of black-box Large Language Models on multiple tasks and demonstrates that it is a good choice for the future. |
Hetero-Designer: Automated Design of Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs (2026.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing approaches to design LLM-based Multi-agent systems are constrained by homogeneous LLMs. |
| Approach: | They propose an automated design of heterogeneous-LLMs-based MAS with a binary-star transformer and an autoregressive graph generation pipeline. |
| Outcome: | The proposed pipeline is high-performing on various benchmarks and extensible to unseen LLMs and roles. |
I²B-LPO: Latent Policy Optimization via Iterative Information Bottleneck (2026.acl-long)
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Huilin Deng, Hongchen Luo, Yue Zhu, Long Li, Zhuoyue Chen, Xinghao Zhao, Ming LI, Chuyang Zhao, Jihai Zhang, MengChang Wang, Yang Cao, Yu Kang
| Challenge: | Existing methods for large language model reasoning suffer from exploration collapse due to the semantic homogeneity of random rollouts. |
| Approach: | They propose to use latent policy optimization via iterative information bottleneck to optimize reasoning trajectories by diversifying reasoning . |
| Outcome: | Empirical results show that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance with margins of up to 5.3% in accuracy and 7.4% in diversity metrics. |
Camouflaged Chinese Spam Content Detection with Semi-supervised Generative Active Learning (2020.acl-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing active learning models for text spam detection tasks are based on pool-based active learning, but the annotating process is laborious and time consuming for humans. |
| Approach: | They propose a semi-supervised active learning model to address spam imbalances . they propose masked attention learning approach and character variation graph-enhanced augmentation procedure . |
| Outcome: | The proposed model can improve the performance of existing models for Chinese spam detection task. |
Connecting Embeddings for Knowledge Graph Entity Typing (2020.acl-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing knowledge graphs suffer from incompleteness and miss important facts, jeopardizing their usefulness in downstream tasks such as question answering. |
| Approach: | They propose a method which is trained by utilizing local typing knowledge from existing entity type assertions and global triple knowledge in KGs. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model favors inferences that agree with both entity type instances and triple knowledge in KGs. |
CA-GAR: Context-Aware Alignment of LLM Generation for Document Retrieval (2025.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Recent techniques such as Generation-Augmented Retrieval (GAR) and Generative Document Retrieleval (GDR) leverage LLMs to enhance retrieval performance but face key challenges: GAR’s generated content may not always align with the target document corpus, while GDR limits the generative capacity of LLM. |
| Approach: | They propose a Context-Aware Generation-Augmented Retrieval approach which integrates corpus information into their generation process. |
| Outcome: | Experimental results show that CA-GAR outperforms existing methods on seven tasks and four non-English languages. |
NeuSym-RAG: Hybrid Neural Symbolic Retrieval with Multiview Structuring for PDF Question Answering (2025.acl-long)
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Ruisheng Cao, Hanchong Zhang, Tiancheng Huang, Zhangyi Kang, Yuxin Zhang, Liangtai Sun, Hanqi Li, Yuxun Miao, Shuai Fan, Lu Chen, Kai Yu
| Challenge: | Existing approaches to retrieval augmented generation neglect PDF structure and layout . individual PDFs often exceed prompt limits and user queries may span multiple documents. |
| Approach: | They propose a hybrid neural symbolic retrieval framework which combines both paradigms in an interactive process. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework organizes semi-structured PDF content into relational database and vectorstore . it defeats both RAG and structured baselines on three PDF-based QA datasets . |
Curr-ReFT: Overcoming Training Bottlenecks in Small-scale Vision-Language Models via Curriculum Reinforcement Finetuning (2025.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | State-of-the-art vision-language models require massive scaling that limits practical deployment. |
| Approach: | They propose to use supervised fine-tuning to train small-scale vision-language models but face out-of-domain collapse when trained with traditional supervised learning (SFT). |
| Outcome: | Experiments show that curr-reFT achieves state-of-the-art performance across visual tasks in both in- and out-of domain settings and benchmarks. |
Taxonomy-guided Semantic Indexing for Academic Paper Search (2024.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Academic paper search often struggles to match underlying academic concepts between queries and documents. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that extracts key concepts from papers and organizes them as a semantic index guided by an academic taxonomy. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework can be flexibly employed to enhance existing retrieval frameworks. |
On the (In-)Security of the Shuffling Defense in the Transformer Secure Inference (2026.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing work reveals only randomly permuted activations to the client, allowing adversaries to extract model weights. |
| Approach: | They propose an attack that aligns differently shuffled activations to a common permutation and exploits them to extract model weights. |
| Outcome: | The proposed attack can align shuffled activations to a common permutation and exploit them to extract model weights with a query cost of approximately $1. |
Beyond Detection: Evaluating Fallacy Awareness of LLMs in Interactive Scenarios (2026.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Large Language Models fail to recognize fallacious reasoning in real-world interactions despite strong performance on static fallacy detection tasks. |
| Approach: | They propose a Chinese benchmark to assess fallacy awareness without explicit cues . they propose 'fate' evaluation framework that assesses fallacy without explicit . |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework assesses fallacy awareness without explicit cues, combining natural dialogue responses and reasoning-based decisions. |
Eval-RAR: Evaluation-Driven Retrieval-Augmented Reasoning via Reinforcement Learning (2026.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods for retrieval-augmented generation fail to provide explicit supervision for internal reasoning process. |
| Approach: | They propose an Evaluation-driven Retrieval-Augmented Reasoning framework that uses reinforcement learning and a fine-grained evaluation reward to optimize the process. |
| Outcome: | Eval-RAR outperforms existing methods on QA benchmarks on seven single-hop and multi-hop tasks. |
Cactus: Towards Psychological Counseling Conversations using Cognitive Behavioral Theory (2024.findings-emnlp)
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Suyeon Lee, Sunghwan Kim, Minju Kim, Dongjin Kang, Dongil Yang, Harim Kim, Minseok Kang, Dayi Jung, Min Kim, Seungbeen Lee, Kyong-Mee Chung, Youngjae Yu, Dongha Lee, Jinyoung Yeo
| Challenge: | Existing models that use large language models are not available due to ethical concerns, and data privacy concerns are a concern. |
| Approach: | They propose a multi-turn dialogue dataset that emulates real-life counseling interactions using the goal-oriented approach of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). |
| Outcome: | The proposed model outperforms other models in counseling skills, highlighting its effectiveness and potential as a counseling agent. |
Decoupling Mixture-of-Graphs: Unseen Relational Learning for Knowledge Graph Completion by Fusing Ontology and Textual Experts (2022.coling-1)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods for knowledge Graph Completion (KGC) fail in unseen relation representations. |
| Approach: | They propose to use three kinds of graphs to obtain unseen relation representations . they propose to decouple mixture-of-graph experts (DMoG) for unseened relations learning . |
| Outcome: | The proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on unseen relation representations. |
Does Large Language Model Contain Task-Specific Neurons? (2024.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in comprehensively handling various types of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. |
| Approach: | They propose a method for task-specific neuron localization based on Causal Gradient Variation with Special Tokens (CGVST) this method identifies task- specific neurons by concentrating on the most significant tokens during task processing, eliminating redundant tokens and minimizing interference from non-essential neurons. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method can locate task-specific neurons across eight public tasks. |
Shuttle Between Symbolic Instructions and Neural Parameters of Large Language Models (2026.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Despite their distinct external representations, a deeper analysis reveals their intrinsic nature: instructions serve as a natural language compression devised by humans for data governing specific mapping patterns, whereas parameters act as 'neuro compression' of the same task data. |
| Approach: | They propose a neural network framework to model and learn the bi-directional mappings between instructions and parameters of large language models by evaluating it on the tasks of instruction deduction and induction. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework can map one of the instructions/parameters to the other by evaluating it on the tasks of instruction deduction and induction. |
Question-guided Knowledge Graph Re-scoring and Injection for Knowledge Graph Question Answering (2024.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Knowledge graph question answering (KGQA) aims to provide factual answers to natural language questions by leveraging structured information stored in a knowledge graph. |
| Approach: | They propose a Question-guided Knowledge Graph Re-scoring method to eliminate noisy pathways for the input question, thereby focusing specifically on pertinent factual knowledge. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method eliminates noisy pathways for the input question, thereby focusing specifically on pertinent factual knowledge. |
ExeCoder: Empowering Large Language Models with Executability Representation for Code Translation (2025.emnlp-main)
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Minghua He, Yue Chen, Fangkai Yang, Pu Zhao, Wenjie Yin, Yu Kang, Qingwei Lin, Saravan Rajmohan, Dongmei Zhang
| Challenge: | Existing code translation models only learn the contextual semantics of code during pre-training, neglecting executability information closely related to the execution state of the code. |
| Approach: | They propose an LLM specifically designed for code translation called ExeCoder . it uses executability representations such as functional semantics and syntax structures to enhance LLMs' capabilities. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model outperforms existing open-source code translation models on two metrics. |
Investigating Hallucinations in Simultaneous Machine Translation: Knowledge Distillation Solution and Components Analysis (2025.naacl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods to mitigate hallucinations in siMT generate fluency but unfaithful translation. |
| Approach: | They propose a method that utilizes the OMT model to mitigate hallucinations in SiMT. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method reduces hallucinations and improves the SiMT performance. |
Self-Modifying State Modeling for Simultaneous Machine Translation (2024.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods for simultaneous machine translation fail to optimize the policy . existing methods require building a decision path to learn the policy, but they cannot explore all potential paths . |
| Approach: | They propose a new training paradigm that uses a read/write policy to optimize the policy . existing methods usually require building a decision path to learn a suitable policy a user makes . |
| Outcome: | The proposed model outperforms strong baselines and allows offline models to acquire SiMT ability with fine-tuning. |
ItD: Large Language Models Can Teach Themselves Induction through Deduction (2024.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Recent studies have shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) have limited ability to conduct induction. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework to enable LLMs to teach themselves induction through deduction. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework improves performance on two induction benchmarks and shows that it can be used to teach induction through deduction. |
The Security Threat of Compressed Projectors in Large Vision-Language Models (2025.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Mainstream VLPs have significant security implications, but their security implications have not been thoroughly examined. |
| Approach: | a study evaluates the security of visual language projectors by comparing them to uncompressed projector. |
| Outcome: | The evaluation reveals significant differences in security profiles between compressed and uncompressed projectors. |
Dialogue Chain-of-Thought Distillation for Commonsense-aware Conversational Agents (2023.emnlp-main)
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Hyungjoo Chae, Yongho Song, Kai Ong, Taeyoon Kwon, Minjin Kim, Youngjae Yu, Dongha Lee, Dongyeop Kang, Jinyoung Yeo
| Challenge: | a human-like chatbot requires commonsense reasoning to comprehend and respond to information . however, identifying and aggregating key evidence within a single hop is a challenge . a knowledge distillation framework is proposed that leverages LLMs as unreliable teachers . |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that leverages large language models as unreliable teachers to facilitate multi-hop reasoning over a dialogue context. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework leverages LLMs as unreliable teachers and selectively distills consistent and helpful rationales via alignment filters. |
FocalOrder: Focal Preference Optimization for Reading Order Detection (2026.acl-long)
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Fuyuan Liu, Dianyu Yu, He Ren, Nayu Liu, Xiaomian Kang, Delai Qiu, Fa Zhang, Genpeng Zhen, Shengping Liu, Liang Jiaen, null Weihuang, Yining Wang, Junnan Zhu
| Challenge: | Existing methods for document comprehension rely on uniform supervision, resulting in a performance degradation in the intermediate sections. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework driven by Focal Preference Optimization to detect reading order in document layouts. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms competing baselines and surpasses large-scale general VLMs. |
Tracing Mathematical Proficiency Through Problem-Solving Processes (2026.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Knowledge Tracing (KT) models a learner's evolving knowledge state over time, but lacks the rich information embedded in students' problem-solving processes. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that uses a teacher-student-teacher pipeline to extract students’ Mathematical Proficiency (MP) as intermediate representation. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework improves the prediction performance of existing KT methods and provides interpretable explanations by explicitly modeling students’ mathematical proficiency. |
C2: Scalable Auto-Feedback for LLM-based Chart Generation (2025.naacl-long)
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Woosung Koh, Janghan Yoon, MinHyung Lee, Youngjin Song, Jaegwan Cho, Jaehyun Kang, Taehyeon Kim, Se-Young Yun, Youngjae Yu, Bongshin Lee
| Challenge: | generating high-quality charts with Large Language Models presents significant challenges due to limited data and the high cost of curation. |
| Approach: | They propose a referencefree automatic feedback generator to generate high-quality charts with Large Language Models. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms baselines and shows that it significantly improves data diversity. |
COF: Adaptive Chain of Feedback for Comparative Opinion Quintuple Extraction (2025.coling-main)
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| Challenge: | Comparative Opinion Quintuple Extraction (COQE) aims to extract all comparative sentiment quintuples from product review text. |
| Approach: | They propose a model-unaware adaptive chain-of-feedback method to extract quintuples from product review text. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method improves performance on three benchmarks. |
Topic Coverage-based Demonstration Retrieval for In-Context Learning (2025.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Prior methods to retrieve demonstrations based on embedding similarity or generation probability, resulting in irrelevant or redundant examples. |
| Approach: | They propose a topic coverage-based retrieval framework that selects demonstrations to comprehensively cover topic-level knowledge relevant to both the test input and the model. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework covers all the necessary knowledge for the test input and the model. |
ONSEP: A Novel Online Neural-Symbolic Framework for Event Prediction Based on Large Language Model (2024.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | TKGF is a technique that requires experience during testing and relying on a single short-term history. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that integrates dynamic causal rule mining and dual history augmented generation to enhance event prediction. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework shows significant performance improvements across diverse datasets and significantly improves Hit@k. |
FractalLLM: Lossless Self-Speculative Decoding with Layer Embedded Self-Compression (2025.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Autoregressive decoding requires a full forward pass for each generated token, increasing inference latency. |
| Approach: | They propose a lossless self-speculative decoding method that embeds a compressed model within selected decoder layers of the original model. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method achieves substantial speed-ups (up to 2.47) over standard autoregressive decoding. |
From Signal Degradation to Computation Collapse: Uncovering the Two Failure Modes of LLM Quantization (2026.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Existing research on PTQ spans three primary directions. |
| Approach: | They conduct a systematic analysis of post-training quantization failures using PTQ . they show that targeted repair can mitigate Signal Degradation but remains ineffective for Computation Collapse . |
| Outcome: | The proposed method mitigates Signal Degradation but remains ineffective for Computation Collapse. |
Task-Stratified Knowledge Scaling Laws for Post-Training Quantized Large Language Models (2026.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Existing scaling laws focus on general performance, overlooking crucial fine-grained factors and how quantization differentially impacts diverse knowledge capabilities. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that unifies model size, bit-width, and fine-grained factors into memorization, application, and reasoning. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework shows strong fit and cross-architecture consistency on 293 different PTQ configurations. |
QAVA: Query-Agnostic Visual Attack to Large Vision-Language Models (2025.naacl-long)
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| Challenge: | Currently, large vision-language models are limited in their ability to provide correct answers for multimodal tasks . however, they can still provide correct responses for multiple images associated with a single image . a query-agnostic visual attack (QAVA) provides robust adversarial examples that generate incorrect responses to unspecified and unknown questions. |
| Approach: | They propose a query-agnostic visual attack to create adversarial examples that generate incorrect answers to unspecified and unknown questions. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model improves performance on images when the question is unknown compared to known target questions . |
Correcting Negative Bias in Large Language Models through Negative Attention Score Alignment (2025.naacl-long)
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Sangwon Yu, Jongyoon Song, Bongkyu Hwang, Hoyoung Kang, Sooah Cho, Junhwa Choi, Seongho Joe, Taehee Lee, Youngjune Gwon, Sungroh Yoon
| Challenge: | Experimental results show that large language models exhibit a negative bias in binary decision tasks . hallucination is a factor that degrades reliability of LLMs . |
| Approach: | They propose a negative attention score to systematically and quantitatively formulate negative bias by using a parameter-efficient fine-tuning technique. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method reduces the gap between precision and recall caused by negative bias while preserving generalization abilities. |
DA-Code: Agent Data Science Code Generation Benchmark for Large Language Models (2024.emnlp-main)
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Yiming Huang, Jianwen Luo, Yan Yu, Yitong Zhang, Fangyu Lei, Yifan Wei, Shizhu He, Lifu Huang, Xiao Liu, Jun Zhao, Kang Liu
| Challenge: | DA-Code is a code generation benchmark designed to assess LLMs on agent-based data science tasks. |
| Approach: | They propose a code generation benchmark specifically designed for LLMs on agent-based data science tasks. |
| Outcome: | The benchmark performs better than existing frameworks, but lacks accuracy . it is based on real-world data, and includes examples that cover a wide range of tasks . |
Tuning Large Multimodal Models for Videos using Reinforcement Learning from AI Feedback (2024.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Recent advances in large language models have influenced the development of video large multimodal models (VLMMs). |
| Approach: | They propose a method that integrates video descriptions as context into a multimodal AI system to enrich the understanding of video content. |
| Outcome: | Empirical evaluations show that the proposed approach outperforms existing approaches for video large multimodal models (VLMMs) |
Multilingual Knowledge Graph Completion from Pretrained Language Models with Knowledge Constraints (2023.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods for multilingual knowledge graph completion do not align with mKGC tasks because of their English-centric bias. |
| Approach: | They propose to use multilingual pretrained language models to solve queries in different languages by reasoning a tail entity. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method outperforms the previous SOTA on Hits@1 and Hits @10 by 12.32% and 16.03% on public datasets. |
LVLM-Compress-Bench: Benchmarking the Broader Impact of Large Vision-Language Model Compression (2025.findings-naacl)
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Souvik Kundu, Anahita Bhiwandiwalla, Sungduk Yu, Phillip Howard, Tiep Le, Sharath Nittur Sridhar, David Cobbley, Hao Kang, Vasudev Lal
| Challenge: | LVLMs have been shown to perform well on simple uni-modal benchmarks, but their detailed study on multi-modal models is still lacking. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework to analyze the impact of compression on LVLMs on multi-modal input driven tasks. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework analyzes the impact of compression on generative performance of large vision language models on multi-modal input driven tasks. |
Multilingual Knowledge Graph Completion via Efficient Multilingual Knowledge Sharing (2025.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Existing MKGC research ignores the shareability of cross-lingual knowledge. |
| Approach: | They propose a multilingual knowledge Graph Completion framework that leverages multilingual shared knowledge to significantly enhance performance through two components: Knowledge-level Grouped Mixture of Experts (KL-GMoE) and Iterative Entity Reranking (IER). |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework achieves improvements of 5.47%, 3.27%, and 1.01% in the Hits@1, Hits @3, and Hits_10 metrics, respectively, compared with existing state-of-the-art (SOTA) MKGC method. |
FASTTRACK: Reliable Fact Tracing via Clustering and LLM-Powered Evidence Validation (2024.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods to fact tracing rely on assessing the similarity between training samples and the query along a certain dimension, such as lexical similarity, gradient, or embedding space. |
| Approach: | They propose a new approach that harnesses the capabilities of Large Language Models to validate supportive evidence for queries and clusters the training database towards a reduced extent for LLMs to trace facts. |
| Outcome: | The proposed approach outperforms existing methods in accuracy and efficiency while being x33 faster than TracIn. |
CTAL: Pre-training Cross-modal Transformer for Audio-and-Language Representations (2021.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing audio-language task-specific predictive approaches focus on building complicated late-fusion mechanisms. |
| Approach: | They propose a cross-modal transformer for audio-and-language that learns inter-modal connections between audio and language through two proxy tasks on a large amount of audio- and-language pairs. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model improves on multiple audio-and-language tasks and can be used in fine-tuning phase. |