Papers by Kai Lu
AGD: Adversarial Game Defense Against Jailbreak Attacks in Large Language Models (2025.acl-long)
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Shilong Pan, Zhiliang Tian, Zhen Huang, Wanlong Yu, Zhihua Wen, Xinwang Liu, Kai Lu, Minlie Huang, Dongsheng Li
| Challenge: | Existing defenses, including post-training alignment and prompt engineering, struggle with adaptability to out-of-distribution (OOD) attacks. |
| Approach: | They propose an adversarial game-based defense method that dynamically adjusts LLMs’ internal representations to achieve a balanced trade-off between helpfulness and harmlessness. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method improves LLMs’ safety over all baselines. |
META-GUI: Towards Multi-modal Conversational Agents on Mobile GUI (2022.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Current task-oriented dialogue systems focus on multi-turn text/speech interaction, then call back-end APIs to perform task. |
| Approach: | They propose a GUI-based task-oriented dialogue system that can perform GUI operations on real APPs without invoking TOD-specific backend APIs. |
| Outcome: | The proposed GUI-based task-oriented dialogue system can perform GUI operations on real APPs and execute tasks without invoking TOD-specific backend APIs. |
CoE-SQL: In-Context Learning for Multi-Turn Text-to-SQL with Chain-of-Editions (2024.naacl-long)
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| Challenge: | Recent studies have demonstrated that Large Language Models (LLMs) have impressive capabilities in a variety of domains and tasks. |
| Approach: | They propose a method which prompts LLMs to generate SQL queries based on the previously generated SQL query with an edition chain. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method outperforms different in-context learning baselines and achieves state-of-the-art performance on two benchmarks SParC and CoSQL using LLMs. |
Unsupervised Dual Paraphrasing for Two-stage Semantic Parsing (2020.acl-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing semantic parsing frameworks rely on nontrivial human labor to generate canonical utterances. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that uses an unsupervised paraphrase model to parse canonical utterances. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework is effective and compatible with supervised training. |
Multilingual Brain Surgeon: Large Language Models Can Be Compressed Leaving No Language behind (2024.lrec-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods for MC focus on quantization and network pruning. |
| Approach: | They propose a calibration method that samples calibration data from various languages proportionally to the language distribution of the model training datasets. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method improves the performance of existing English-centric compression methods on the BLOOM multilingual LLM. |
Exploring Schema Generalizability of Text-to-SQL (2023.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Existing text-to-SQL models are limited in their generalizability, despite their performance being over-estimated. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework to generate novel text-to-SQL data via automatic and synchronous (DS, SQL) pair altering. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework generates text-to-SQL data via automatic and synchronous (DS, SQL) pair altering. |
When Long Helps Short: How Context Length in Supervised Fine-tuning Affects Behavior of Large Language Models (2025.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance across NLP tasks. |
| Approach: | They propose to use long-context SFT to improve short-contemporary performance . they also decouple and analyze two key components, Multi-Head Attention and Feed-Forward Network . |
| Outcome: | The proposed model improves short-context performance, contrary to pretraining. |
CSS: A Large-scale Cross-schema Chinese Text-to-SQL Medical Dataset (2023.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | a cross-domain text-to-SQL task aims to parse user questions into SQL on complete unseen databases . a single-domain task evaluates the performance on identical databases based on the same domain . |
| Approach: | They propose a cross-domain text-to-SQL task that parses user questions into SQL on unseen databases. |
| Outcome: | The proposed system can parse user questions into SQL on complete unseen databases. |
LGESQL: Line Graph Enhanced Text-to-SQL Model with Mixed Local and Non-Local Relations (2021.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods to encode text-to-SQL data are node-centric and ignore semantics embedded in the topological structure of edges. |
| Approach: | They propose a Line Graph Enhanced Text-to-SQL model to mine relational features without constructing meta-paths. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model achieves state-of-the-art on the cross-domain text-to-SQL benchmark Spider at the time of writing. |
RATE-Nav: Region-Aware Termination Enhancement for Zero-shot Object Navigation with Vision-Language Models (2025.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Object navigation is a fundamental task in embodied artificial intelligence. |
| Approach: | They propose a region-aware Termination-Enhanced method that incorporates visual language models and exploration rates to enable efficient termination. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method achieves a success rate of 67.8% and an SPL of 31.3% on the HM3D dataset. |
MinerU2.5: A Decoupled Vision-Language Model for Efficient High-Resolution Document Parsing (2026.acl-industry)
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Junbo Niu, Zheng Liu, Zhuangcheng Gu, Bin Wang, Linke Ouyang, Zhiyuan Zhao, Tao Chu, Tianyao He, Fan Wu, Qintong Zhang, Zhenjiang Jin, Guang Liang, Rui Zhang, Wenzheng Zhang, Yuan Qu, Zhifei Ren, Yuefeng Sun, Zirui Tang, Boyu Niu, Yuanhong Zheng, Dongsheng Ma, Ziyang Miao, Hejun Dong, Siyi Qian, Junyuan Zhang, Fangdong Wang, Jingzhou Chen, Xiaomeng Zhao, Liqun Wei, Wei Li, Shasha Wang, RuiLiang Xu, Yuanyuan Cao, Lu Chen, Qianqian Wu, Huaiyu Gu, Lindong Lu, Dechen Lin, null Shenguanlin, Xuanhe Zhou, Linfeng Zhang, Yuhang Zang, Xiaoyi Dong, Jiaqi Wang, Bo Zhang, Lei Bai, Pei Chu, Weijia Li, Jiang Wu, Lijun Wu, Zhenxiang Li, Guangyu Wang, Zhongying Tu, Chao Xu, Kai Chen, Bowen Zhou, Dahua Lin, Wentao Zhang, Conghui He
| Challenge: | Document images are characterized by higher resolutions, denser content, and more complex structural layouts. |
| Approach: | They propose a 1.2B-parameter document parsing vision-language model that decouples layout analysis from local content recognition. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model surpasses general-purpose and domain-specific models on multiple benchmarks while maintaining significantly lower computational overhead. |
TIE: Topological Information Enhanced Structural Reading Comprehension on Web Pages (2022.naacl-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing models for structural reading comprehension (SRC) only focus on comprehension of plain text, tables, tables or knowledge bases. |
| Approach: | They propose a topological information enhanced model which transforms a token-level task into a tag-level one by introducing a two-stage process. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model outperforms baselines and achieves state-of-the-art performance on the web-based SRC benchmark WebSRC at the time of writing. |
Sparsity-Accelerated Training for Large Language Models (2024.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated proficiency across various NLP tasks but often require additional training, such as continual pre-training and supervised fine-tuning. |
| Approach: | They propose to leverage sparsity in pre-trained LLMs to accelerate training by disregarding computations for unimportant neurons. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework achieves comparable or superior performance to standard training while significantly accelerating the process. |
ShadowGNN: Graph Projection Neural Network for Text-to-SQL Parser (2021.naacl-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing semantic parsing models struggle to adapt to unseen database schemas . a new architecture, ShadowGNN, processes schemas at abstract and semantic levels . |
| Approach: | They propose a new architecture which processes schemas at abstract and semantic levels. |
| Outcome: | The proposed architecture outperforms state-of-the-art models on a text-to-sql benchmark . it uses domain-independent representations to extract logical linking between question and schema . |
BadWindtunnel: Defending Backdoor in High-noise Simulated Training with Confidence Variance (2025.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Current backdoor attack defenders in NLP typically involve data reduction or model pruning, risking losing crucial information. |
| Approach: | They propose a backdoor defender that allows precise control over training conditions to model backdoor learning behavior without affecting the final model. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model reduces the backdoor learning behavior without affecting the final model. |
Is LLM an Overconfident Judge? Unveiling the Capabilities of LLMs in Detecting Offensive Language with Annotation Disagreement (2025.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Existing studies focus on evaluating large language models' ability to handle disagreement cases. |
| Approach: | They evaluate the performance of large language models in detecting offensive language at varying levels of agreement. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model improves detection accuracy and model alignment with human judgment by using disagreement samples in training. |
Alignment for Efficient Tool Calling of Large Language Models (2025.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Recent advances in tool learning have enabled large language models to integrate external tools, enhancing their task performance by expanding their knowledge boundaries. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that combines probabilistic knowledge boundary estimation with dynamic decision-making to allow LLMs to better assess when to invoke tools based on their confidence. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework shows significant improvements in tool efficiency by reducing unnecessary tool usage. |
SLAM-Omni: Timbre-Controllable Voice Interaction System with Single-Stage Training (2025.findings-acl)
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Wenxi Chen, Ziyang Ma, Ruiqi Yan, Yuzhe Liang, Xiquan Li, Ruiyang Xu, Zhikang Niu, Yanqiao Zhu, Yifan Yang, Zhanxun Liu, Kai Yu, Yuxuan Hu, Jinyu Li, Yan Lu, Shujie Liu, Xie Chen
| Challenge: | a new spoken dialogue system with single-stage training is demonstrating its low latency and high quality . SLAM-Omni achieves zero-shot timbre control by modeling spoken language with semantic tokens . |
| Approach: | They propose a timbre-controllable, end-to-end voice interaction system with single-stage training. |
| Outcome: | The proposed system outperforms previous models on 4 GPUs with limited data. |
A Fast and High-quality Text-to-Speech Method with Compressed Auxiliary Corpus and Limited Target Speaker Corpus (2024.lrec-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods to generate high-quality speech with limited target speaker corpus require extensive training data. |
| Approach: | They propose an auxiliary corpus compression algorithm that reduces the training cost while the naturalness of synthesized speech is not significantly degraded. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method significantly reduces training costs while maintaining the naturalness of synthesized speech. |
Line Graph Enhanced AMR-to-Text Generation with Mix-Order Graph Attention Networks (2020.acl-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing graph-to-sequence approaches use graph neural networks as encoders, but they lack the structure information needed to translate AMR into the graph-based data. |
| Approach: | They propose a graph-to-sequence task which aims to recover natural language from Abstract Meaning Representations (AMR) they adopt graph attention networks with higher-order neighborhood information to explore the edge relations in AMR graphs. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework achieves state-of-the-art performance on English AMR benchmark datasets and is able to translate the AMR semantics into the natural language. |
AdapterShare: Task Correlation Modeling with Adapter Differentiation (2022.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | AdapterShare is an adapter differentiation method to explicitly model the task correlation among multiple tasks. |
| Approach: | They propose an adapter differentiation method to explicitly model the task correlation among multiple tasks. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method achieves 1.90 points improvement on five dialogue understanding tasks and 2.33 points gain on NLU tasks. |
CLUE: A Chinese Language Understanding Evaluation Benchmark (2020.coling-main)
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Liang Xu, Hai Hu, Xuanwei Zhang, Lu Li, Chenjie Cao, Yudong Li, Yechen Xu, Kai Sun, Dian Yu, Cong Yu, Yin Tian, Qianqian Dong, Weitang Liu, Bo Shi, Yiming Cui, Junyi Li, Jun Zeng, Rongzhao Wang, Weijian Xie, Yanting Li, Yina Patterson, Zuoyu Tian, Yiwen Zhang, He Zhou, Shaoweihua Liu, Zhe Zhao, Qipeng Zhao, Cong Yue, Xinrui Zhang, Zhengliang Yang, Kyle Richardson, Zhenzhong Lan
| Challenge: | Existing language evaluation benchmarks for English are limited to English . lack of such benchmarks makes it difficult to replicate success in other languages . |
| Approach: | They introduce a large-scale Chinese language understanding evaluation benchmark . the benchmark uses a set of current state-of-the-art pre-trained Chinese models . |
| Outcome: | The first large-scale Chinese Language Understanding Evaluation (CLUE) benchmark is released . the benchmark evaluates models across a wide range of tasks on original Chinese text . existing language evaluation benchmarks are mostly limited to English . |
ACT-SQL: In-Context Learning for Text-to-SQL with Automatically-Generated Chain-of-Thought (2023.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Recent studies have focused on the development of semantic parsers within the framework of cross-domain analysis. |
| Approach: | They propose a method to generate auto-CoT exemplars using ACT-SQL and extend it to multi-turn text-to-Sql tasks. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method achieves SOTA performance on the Spider dev set among existing in-context learning approaches. |
Efficient Context and Schema Fusion Networks for Multi-Domain Dialogue State Tracking (2020.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods to track dialogue state are limited due to data sparsity and long dialogues. |
| Approach: | They propose to use the previous dialogue state and current dialogue utterance as input for DST. |
| Outcome: | The proposed approach outperforms existing methods and improves existing ones. |
NeuSym-RAG: Hybrid Neural Symbolic Retrieval with Multiview Structuring for PDF Question Answering (2025.acl-long)
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Ruisheng Cao, Hanchong Zhang, Tiancheng Huang, Zhangyi Kang, Yuxin Zhang, Liangtai Sun, Hanqi Li, Yuxun Miao, Shuai Fan, Lu Chen, Kai Yu
| Challenge: | Existing approaches to retrieval augmented generation neglect PDF structure and layout . individual PDFs often exceed prompt limits and user queries may span multiple documents. |
| Approach: | They propose a hybrid neural symbolic retrieval framework which combines both paradigms in an interactive process. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework organizes semi-structured PDF content into relational database and vectorstore . it defeats both RAG and structured baselines on three PDF-based QA datasets . |
OPAL: Ontology-Aware Pretrained Language Model for End-to-End Task-Oriented Dialogue (2023.tacl-1)
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| Challenge: | Existing task-oriented dialogue systems lack ontology-aware pretraining methods for task-orientated dialogue. |
| Approach: | They propose an ontology-aware pretrained language model (OPAL) for end-to-end task-oriented dialogue (TOD) . they propose to pretrain on large-scale contextual text data to bridge the gap between the pretraining method and downstream tasks. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model achieves an exciting boost and obtains competitive performance even without any TOD data on CamRest676 and MultiWOZ benchmarks. |
From Generation to Judgment: Opportunities and Challenges of LLM-as-a-judge (2025.emnlp-main)
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Dawei Li, Bohan Jiang, Liangjie Huang, Alimohammad Beigi, Chengshuai Zhao, Zhen Tan, Amrita Bhattacharjee, Yuxuan Jiang, Canyu Chen, Tianhao Wu, Kai Shu, Lu Cheng, Huan Liu
| Challenge: | Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) inspire the "LLM-as-a-judge" paradigm . traditional methods of assessment and evaluation fail in dynamic and open-ended scenarios . |
| Approach: | They propose a paradigm where LLMs are leveraged to perform scoring, ranking, or selection for machine learning evaluation scenarios. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model-based judgment and evaluation paradigms are based on large language models and are compared to the current model-driven evaluation paradigm. |
GAMEBoT: Transparent Assessment of LLM Reasoning in Games (2025.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing efforts to create benchmarks that move beyond superficial pattern recognition to delve into the profound reasoning skills required for problemsolving face challenges such as insufficient interpretability, performance saturation or data contamination. |
| Approach: | They propose a gaming arena designed for rigorous assessment of LLM reasoning capabilities. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework decomposes complex reasoning into predefined modular subproblems and generates ground truth for these subproblem types. |
Neural Graph Matching Networks for Chinese Short Text Matching (2020.acl-main)
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| Challenge: | Chinese word segmentation can be erroneous, ambiguous or inconsistent, causing performance problems. |
| Approach: | They propose a sentence matching framework that uses paired word lattices as input instead of a character sequence. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms the state-of-the-art short text matching models on two Chinese datasets. |
Structured Dialogue Policy with Graph Neural Networks (C18-1)
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| Challenge: | Recent advances focus on improving DRL-based dialogue policy optimization. |
| Approach: | They propose to design a graph neural network structure that is better suited for dialogue management. |
| Outcome: | The proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art approaches in 18 tasks of the PyDial benchmark. |
Decoupled Dialogue Modeling and Semantic Parsing for Multi-Turn Text-to-SQL (2021.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Recent work on Text-to-SQL for multi-turn dialogue has attracted great interest . current approaches mostly employ end-to end models and face data sparsity problems . |
| Approach: | They propose a decoupled multi-turn text-to-SQL framework where dialogue context is explicitly solved by an utterance rewrite model and a single-turn Text-toSQl parser are proposed. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method outperforms existing models on SParC and CoSQL datasets without annotated in-domain data. |
DaMo: Data Mixing Optimizer in Fine-tuning Multimodal LLMs for Mobile Phone Agents (2026.findings-acl)
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Kai Shi, Jun Yang, Ni Yang, Binqiang Pan, Qingsong Xie, null Zhangchao, Zhenyu Yang, Tianhuang Su, Haonan Lu
| Challenge: | Mobile Phone Agents (MPAs) have attracted huge attention due to their practicability in a multitude of scenarios. |
| Approach: | They propose a data mixture optimization solution that extrapolates optimal data mixtures from a trainable network. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model outperforms existing methods on open-source benchmarks and on open source benchmarks. |
From Generalist to Specialist: A Survey of Large Language Models for Chemistry (2025.coling-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing studies on pretraining of LLMs on extensive web-based texts are insufficient for advanced scientific discovery, especially in chemistry. |
| Approach: | They outline methodologies for incorporating domain-specific chemistry knowledge and multi-modal information into LLMs and conceptualize chemistry LLM agents using chemistry tools. |
| Outcome: | The proposed models are based on domain-specific chemistry knowledge and multi-modal information and are capable of accelerating scientific research. |
Towards Universal Dialogue State Tracking (D18-1)
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| Challenge: | Existing approaches to dialogue state tracking are difficult to scale to large dialogue domains. |
| Approach: | They propose a universal dialogue state tracker that is independent of the number of values and shares parameters across all slots. |
| Outcome: | The proposed system significantly outperforms state-of-the-art approaches on two datasets. |
Towards Context-Robust LLMs: A Gated Representation Fine-tuning Approach (2025.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Large Language Models (LLMs) enhanced with external contexts face challenges in handling imperfect evidence. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that can balance internal knowledge with external contexts . they propose gating mechanisms and low-rank representation adapters to adjust hidden representations based on a lightweight intervention function . |
| Outcome: | The proposed model can effectively balance internal knowledge with external context, similar to human cognitive processes. |
MoQAE: Mixed-Precision Quantization for Long-Context LLM Inference via Mixture of Quantization-Aware Experts (2025.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing approaches to optimize large language models for long-context inference are inefficient and consume memory. |
| Approach: | They propose a mixed-precision quantization method via mixture of experts that inputs tokens into router chunk by chunk to reduce inference overhead. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art KV cache quantization methods on multiple benchmark datasets. |
Anaphor Assisted Document-Level Relation Extraction (2023.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods for document-level relation extraction are incomplete and lack anaphor for identifying relations between entities. |
| Approach: | They propose an Anaphor-Assisted (AA) framework for document-level relation extraction . they use a document or sentences as intermediate nodes to model cross-sentence entity interactions . |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework achieves state-of-the-art on the widely-used datasets. |
WebSRC: A Dataset for Web-Based Structural Reading Comprehension (2021.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Using a web page and a question, a machine can't understand the contents of web pages. |
| Approach: | They propose a novel dataset for web-based structural reading comprehension that consists of 400K question-answer pairs and a dataset of 6.4K web pages. |
| Outcome: | The proposed dataset consists of 400K question-answer pairs, collected from 6.4K web pages with corresponding HTML source code, screenshots, and metadata. |
ChatCite: LLM Agent with Human Workflow Guidance for Comparative Literature Summary (2025.coling-main)
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| Challenge: | Literature review is an indispensable step in the research process, but literature summary is challenging and time consuming. |
| Approach: | They propose an LLM agent with human workflow guidance for comparative literature summary . they use a human workflow to extract key elements from relevant literature and generate summaries . |
| Outcome: | The proposed method outperforms the CoT model in several dimensions. |
DPGA-TextSyn: Differentially Private Genetic Algorithm for Synthetic Text Generation (2025.findings-acl)
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Zhonghao Sun, Zhiliang Tian, Yiping Song, Yuyi Si, Juhua Zhang, Minlie Huang, Kai Lu, Zeyu Xiong, Xinwang Liu, Dongsheng Li
| Challenge: | Existing methods to fine-tune large language models pose privacy risks . researchers have synthesized data with strong generation capabilities closed-source LLMs to alleviate this problem . |
| Approach: | They propose to combine general LLMs with genetic algorithm to produce relevant and diverse synthetic text under differential privacy constraints. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method significantly improves the performance of the model in downstream tasks while ensuring privacy. |
D4: a Chinese Dialogue Dataset for Depression-Diagnosis-Oriented Chat (2022.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing human-machine dialogue systems are not able to provide diagnostic information for depression diagnosis due to stigma associated with mental illness. |
| Approach: | They propose to construct a Chinese Dialogue Dataset for depression-diagnosis-oriented chat based on clinical depression diagnostic criteria. |
| Outcome: | The proposed system can be used to diagnose depression using a Chinese Dialogue Dataset. |
Converging to a Lingua Franca: Evolution of Linguistic Regions and Semantics Alignment in Multilingual Large Language Models (2025.coling-main)
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| Challenge: | Recent studies suggest that large language models can transfer skills learned in one language to others, but internal mechanisms behind this ability remain unclear. |
| Approach: | They find that LLMs map semantically identical inputs from different languages into a common semantic latent space that allows for consistent processing across languages. |
| Outcome: | The findings highlight the structural evolution of multilingual models during training and scaling up. |
IBSEN: Director-Actor Agent Collaboration for Controllable and Interactive Drama Script Generation (2024.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Language models have demonstrated their capabilities in storyline creation and human-like character role-playing. |
| Approach: | They propose a director-actor coordinate agent framework that generates drama scripts . framework allows actors to role-play their characters while maintaining plot development . |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework generates drama scripts from a drama plot outline and human actors can play their characters. |
Glyph Enhanced Chinese Character Pre-Training for Lexical Sememe Prediction (2021.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Sememes are defined as the atomic units to describe the semantic meaning of concepts. |
| Approach: | They propose a method which incorporates internal Chinese character information to help sememe prediction. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method outperforms existing non-external information models on howNet, a famous sememe knowledge base. |
Is LLM a Reliable Reviewer? A Comprehensive Evaluation of LLM on Automatic Paper Reviewing Tasks (2024.lrec-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing datasets and methods targeting review-related tasks have not thoroughly inspected model's review ability. |
| Approach: | They propose to evaluate GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 on two types of tasks under different settings: the score prediction task and the review generation task. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model can give passable decisions (> 60% accuracy) on single options, but it always makes mistakes. |
AlignSum: Data Pyramid Hierarchical Fine-tuning for Aligning with Human Summarization Preference (2024.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Text summarization tasks employ Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) to fit diverse datasets. |
| Approach: | They propose a human summarization preference alignment framework to align PLMs with human preferences. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework narrows the gap between automatic and human evaluations by integrating three components. |
MATCH: Modulating Attention via In-Context Retrieval for Long-Context Transformers (2026.acl-long)
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Linrui Ma, Chun Hei Lo, Xinyu Wang, Peng Lu, Xihao Yuan, Hanting Chen, Kai Han, Xinghao Chen, Chengjun Zhan, Hanlin xu, Yichun Yin, Lifeng Shang, Feng Wen, Boxing Chen, Yufei Cui
| Challenge: | Existing approaches to improve efficiency often enforce rigid structural constraints such as local attention windows. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that augments sparse-attention mechanisms with dynamically integrated in-context information through an efficient retrieval system. |
| Outcome: | Empirical results show that MATCH significantly improves the performance of sparse-attention models on synthetic and real-world natural-language tasks. |
Scaling Laws for Fact Memorization of Large Language Models (2024.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Fact knowledge memorization is crucial for Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate factual and reliable responses. |
| Approach: | They analyze scaling laws for LLM’s fact knowledge and LLMs’ behaviors of memorizing different types of facts. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model can generalize on unseen facts and its scaling law is similar to general pre-training. |
ED2LM: Encoder-Decoder to Language Model for Faster Document Re-ranking Inference (2022.findings-acl)
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Kai Hui, Honglei Zhuang, Tao Chen, Zhen Qin, Jing Lu, Dara Bahri, Ji Ma, Jai Gupta, Cicero Nogueira dos Santos, Yi Tay, Donald Metzler
| Challenge: | State-of-the-art neural models typically encode document-query pairs using cross-attention for re-ranking. |
| Approach: | They propose to fine tune a pretrained encoder-decoder model using document to query generation. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model achieves comparable results to more expensive approaches while being 6.8X faster. |