Papers by Xue Zhao
Media Attitude Detection via Framing Analysis with Events and their Relations (2024.emnlp-main)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | a recent study examined the effects of media framing on public perception and understanding of news articles. |
| Approach: | They propose to extract framing devices employed by media to assess their role in framating the narrative. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method surpasses baseline models and offers a more detailed and explainable analysis of media framing effects. |
CogKTR: A Knowledge-Enhanced Text Representation Toolkit for Natural Language Understanding (2022.emnlp-demos)
Copied to clipboard
Zhuoran Jin, Tianyi Men, Hongbang Yuan, Yuyang Zhou, Pengfei Cao, Yubo Chen, Zhipeng Xue, Kang Liu, Jun Zhao
| Challenge: | Existing knowledge-enhanced methods are limited to knowledge-intensive tasks. |
| Approach: | They propose a knowledge-enhanced text representation toolkit for natural language understanding . it combines knowledge acquisition, knowledge representation, knowledge injection and knowledge application . |
| Outcome: | The proposed toolkit supports knowledge acquisition, knowledge representation, knowledge injection, and knowledge application. |
Optimizing User Profiles via Contextual Bandits for Retrieval-Augmented LLM Personalization (2026.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
Linfeng Du, Ye Yuan, Zichen Zhao, Fuyuan Lyu, Emiliano Penaloza, Xiuying Chen, Zipeng Sun, Jikun Kang, Laurent Charlin, Xue Liu, Haolun Wu
| Challenge: | Existing approaches for personalizing large language models require modifying parameters. |
| Approach: | They propose a lightweight approach to personalizing large language models via retrieval augmentation . relevance serves as an unreliable proxy for utility, they argue . |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms strong heuristic and retrieval-augmented baselines on nine personalization tasks. |
Building a Broad Infrastructure for Uniform Meaning Representations (2024.lrec-main)
Copied to clipboard
Julia Bonn, Matthew J. Buchholz, Jayeol Chun, Andrew Cowell, William Croft, Lukas Denk, Sijia Ge, Jan Hajič, Kenneth Lai, James H. Martin, Skatje Myers, Alexis Palmer, Martha Palmer, Claire Benet Post, James Pustejovsky, Kristine Stenzel, Haibo Sun, Zdeňka Urešová, Rosa Vallejos, Jens E. L. Van Gysel, Meagan Vigus, Nianwen Xue, Jin Zhao
| Challenge: | This paper reports the first release of the UMR data set for six languages . it includes annotations for six different languages that vary greatly in terms of their linguistic properties and resource availability. |
| Approach: | They report the first release of the UMR data set for six languages . they describe on-going efforts to enlarge the data set and extend it to other languages - including Navajo, Navájo, and Sanapaná . |
| Outcome: | The first release of the UMR data set includes annotations for six languages . the language dataset is available for free and can be extended to other languages if needed . |
Factuality Assessment as Modal Dependency Parsing (2021.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | a critical step towards factuality assessment is to determine the factuality of events in text. |
| Approach: | They propose a modal dependency parsing task that assesses the factuality of events in text . they crowdsource a large-scale data set annotated with modal dependence structures . |
| Outcome: | The proposed model outperforms the pipeline model in factuality assessment . the proposed model is based on a crowdsourced dataset . |
ReFL: Reflective Feedback Learning for Hallucination Detection of Large Language Models (2026.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Existing methods for detecting hallucinations depend on external knowledge sources, incurring high computational costs and limiting real-time applicability, or extract the model’s internal states, leading to poor generalization. |
| Approach: | They propose a hallucination detection framework that leverages corrective in-context learning to guide LLMs to recognize their own prediction errors and adjust internal representations, critically without updating model weights. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms existing methods on two benchmark datasets and achieves state-of-the-art performance. |
CogKGE: A Knowledge Graph Embedding Toolkit and Benchmark for Representing Multi-source and Heterogeneous Knowledge (2022.acl-demo)
Copied to clipboard
Zhuoran Jin, Tianyi Men, Hongbang Yuan, Zhitao He, Dianbo Sui, Chenhao Wang, Zhipeng Xue, Yubo Chen, Jun Zhao
| Challenge: | Existing methods focus on entity-centric knowledge, but CogKGE supports heterogeneous knowledge. |
| Approach: | They propose a knowledge graph embedding toolkit to represent multi-source and heterogeneous knowledge. |
| Outcome: | The proposed toolkit provides a unified programming framework for KGE tasks and a series of knowledge representations for downstream tasks. |
SpanMlt: A Span-based Multi-Task Learning Framework for Pair-wise Aspect and Opinion Terms Extraction (2020.acl-main)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Aspect terms and opinion terms are key problems of fine-grained aspect-based sentiment analysis. |
| Approach: | They propose a method to extract aspect and opinion terms as pairs from a sentence . they use shared spans to extract the terms under supervision of span boundaries . |
| Outcome: | The proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods on both aspects and opinion terms extraction tasks. |
FlashAudio: Rectified Flow for Fast and High-Fidelity Text-to-Audio Generation (2025.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Recent advances in latent diffusion models (LDMs) have markedly enhanced text-to-audio generation, yet their iterative sampling processes impose substantial computational demands, limiting practical deployment. |
| Approach: | They propose to learn straight flow for fast simulation by using flashAudio with rectified flows and immiscible flow to minimize the total distance of data-noise pairs in a batch vias assignment. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method can learn straight flow for fast simulations and reduce noise distribution. |
Awakening Dormant Experts:Counterfactual Routing to Mitigate MoE Hallucinations (2026.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
Wentao Hu, Yanbo Zhai, Xiaohui Hu, Mingkuan Zhao, Shanhong yu, Xue Liu, Kaidong Yu, Shuangyong Song, Xuelong Li
| Challenge: | Sparse Mixture-of-Experts models are vulnerable to hallucinations, authors say . static Top-k routing leaves "specialist experts" under-prioritized for specific tokens . |
| Approach: | They propose a training-free inference framework to awaken dormant experts . they propose 'counterfactual routing' to shift computational resources from syntax-dominant to knowledge-intensive layers . |
| Outcome: | Experiments show that CoR improves factual accuracy by 3.1% without increasing the inference budget. |
LLMsPark: A Benchmark for Evaluating Large Language Models in Strategic Gaming Contexts (2025.findings-emnlp)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly important for their intelligence evaluation. |
| Approach: | They propose a game theory-based evaluation platform that measures LLMs’ decision-making strategies and social behaviors in classic game-theoretic settings. |
| Outcome: | The proposed system cross-evaluates 15 leading LLMs using leaderboard rankings and scoring mechanisms. |
Seeing the Same Story Differently: Framing‐Divergent Event Coreference for Computational Framing Analysis (2025.emnlp-main)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | a new task aims to capture subtle differences in how news articles frame events . a central challenge is capturing how same real-world event can evolve into sharply divergent narratives . |
| Approach: | They propose a task that identifies pairs of event mentions referring to the same underlying occurrence but differing in framing across documents. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method enables scalable, interpretable analysis of how media frame the same events differently. |
Beyond Benchmarks: Building a Richer Cross-Document Event Coreference Dataset with Decontextualization (2025.naacl-long)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Existing datasets for Cross-Document Event Coreference (CDEC) are small and lacking diversity. |
| Approach: | They propose a new approach leveraging large language models to decontextualize event mentions by simplifying the document-level annotation task to sentence pairs with enriched context. |
| Outcome: | The proposed approach improves the quality of the dataset and generalizability of the model. |
POP-CEE: Position-oriented Prompt-tuning Model for Causal Emotion Entailment (2024.findings-acl)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Existing methods for emotion analysis in conversations ignore the specific semantic associations between emotions and cause utterances. |
| Approach: | They propose a position-oriented prompt-tuning model to solve the CEE task in an end-to-end manner. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model achieves state-of-the-art performance on a benchmark dataset. |
Multi-Label Few-Shot Learning for Aspect Category Detection (2021.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Existing few-shot learning methods focus on single-label predictions, which can not work well for ACD since a sentence may contain multiple aspect categories. |
| Approach: | They propose a few-shot learning method that uses the prototypical network to learn aspects from a set of aspects. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method significantly outperforms baseline methods on three datasets. |
Rethinking Token Reduction for State Space Models (2024.emnlp-main)
Copied to clipboard
Zheng Zhan, Yushu Wu, Zhenglun Kong, Changdi Yang, Yifan Gong, Xuan Shen, Xue Lin, Pu Zhao, Yanzhi Wang
| Challenge: | Existing methods for token reduction for SSMs lead to performance drops . a recent study shows that Mamba-2 improves the accuracy of the model by 5.7% to 13.1% . |
| Approach: | They propose a token reduction method that integrates token importance and similarity into SSMs and takes advantage of pruning and merging. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method improves accuracy by 5.7% to 13.1% on six benchmarks with Mamba-2 compared to existing methods while reducing computational demands and memory requirements. |
GCPG: A General Framework for Controllable Paraphrase Generation (2022.findings-acl)
Copied to clipboard
Kexin Yang, Dayiheng Liu, Wenqiang Lei, Baosong Yang, Haibo Zhang, Xue Zhao, Wenqing Yao, Boxing Chen
| Challenge: | Existing studies highlight a special condition under two indispensable aspects of controllable paraphrase generation (CPG) individually, lacking a unified circumstance to explore and analyze their effectiveness. |
| Approach: | They propose a general controllable paraphrase generation framework that integrates lexical and syntactical conditions into a text sequence and uniformly processes them in an encoder-decoder paradigm. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework can combine lexical and syntactical conditions and improve paraphrase generation. |
CodeContests-O: Powering LLMs via Feedback-Driven Iterative Test Case Generation (2026.findings-acl)
Copied to clipboard
Jianfeng Cai, Jinhua Zhu, Ruopei Sun, Kangwen Zhao, Dongyun Xue, Mingxiao Feng, Wengang Zhou, Houqiang Li
| Challenge: | Existing approaches to synthesize test cases using Large Language Models (LLMs) rely on the model’s intrinsic generation capabilities without external feedback, resulting in insufficiently diverse cases. |
| Approach: | They propose a feedback-driven iterative framework that leverages Large Language Models to generate initial test cases, execute them against known correct and incorrect solutions, and utilizes the failed results as feedback to guide the LLM in refining the test cases toward high fidelity and discriminability. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method outperforms the existing codecontests and codecontests+ models by 4.30% and 8.78%. |
From Script to Stage: Automating Experimental Design for Social Simulations with LLMs (2026.findings-acl)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Xu et al., 2024): multi-agent simulations based on large language models are a new paradigm for social science research . traditional experimental design relies on interdisciplinary expertise and technical barriers . Xiaoping and Xin eli argue that LLM-driven agents are unreliable for rigorous experimental design due to hallucinations and limited verifiability. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework for multi-agent experiment design based on script generation . Script Composition, Script Finalization, and Actor Generation are the core phases of the framework . |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework lowers the barrier for social science experimental design and provides scientifically grounded decision support for policy-making. |
SparkRA: A Retrieval-Augmented Knowledge Service System Based on Spark Large Language Model (2024.emnlp-demo)
Copied to clipboard
Dayong Wu, Jiaqi Li, Baoxin Wang, Honghong Zhao, Siyuan Xue, Yanjie Yang, Zhijun Chang, Rui Zhang, Li Qian, Bo Wang, Shijin Wang, Zhixiong Zhang, Guoping Hu
| Challenge: | Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable achievements across various language tasks. |
| Approach: | They propose a scientific literature LLM and a knowledge service system based on it . they collect scientific literature and then pre-train it using autoregressive training . |
| Outcome: | The proposed system provides literature investigation, paper reading, and academic writing functions. |
FinReporting: An Agentic Workflow for Localized Reporting of Cross-Jurisdiction Financial Disclosure (2026.acl-demo)
Copied to clipboard
Fan Zhang, Mingzi Song, Rania Elbadry, Yankai Chen, Shaobo Wang, Yixi Zhou, Xunwen Zheng, Yueru He, Yuyang Dai, Georgi Nenkov Georgiev, Ayesha Gull, Muhammad Usman Safder, Fan Wu, Liyuan Meng, Fengxian Ji, Junning Zhao, Xueqing Peng, Jimin Huang, YU Chen, Xue Liu, Preslav Nakov, Zhuohan Xie
| Challenge: | FinReporting is an agentic workflow for localized cross-jurisdiction financial reporting . existing approaches assume a single-market setting and overlook structural differences across jurisdictions . |
| Approach: | They propose a workflow that decomposes financial reporting into auditable stages . they use Large Language Models to extract and summarize corporate disclosures . |
| Outcome: | The proposed system decomposes reporting into auditable stages . it improves consistency and reliability under heterogeneous reporting regimes. |
Enhancing Reinforcement Learning with Label-Sensitive Reward for Natural Language Understanding (2024.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have yielded remarkable performance, but objective mismatch issues hinder RLHF learning. |
| Approach: | They propose a Reinforcement Learning framework enhanced with Label-sensitive reward to enhance LLMs' alignment and generation capabilities. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework improves performance on five diverse models across eight tasks. |
Reframing Responsibility: Framing-Aware Event Causality Identification (2026.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Causal explanations in political narratives are often framed and contested. |
| Approach: | They propose a framing-aware extension of ECI that models causal explanations as structured claims including responsibility targets, evaluative frams, source type, and epistemic modality. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model enables quantitative analysis of divergent causal attribution across narratives. |
BoYaEval: Evaluating Multimodal Large Language Models on Understanding Ancient Chinese Musical Scores (2026.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Multimodal Large Language Models excel in general tasks but struggle with specialized, structured cultural symbols. |
| Approach: | They evaluate 21 leading MLLMs and compare their performance to a benchmark for Ancient Chinese musical notation. |
| Outcome: | The benchmark evaluates 21 leading MLLMs on five types of ancient Chinese music notation systems. |
Bias Fitting to Mitigate Length Bias of Reward Model in RLHF (2026.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Existing approaches to tackling length bias are limited by their complexity or lack of a linear length-reward relation. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that learns and corrects underlying bias patterns by fitting a length-reward relationship into a reward model. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework improves length-controlled win rate and reduces verbosity without compromising performance. |
CogIE: An Information Extraction Toolkit for Bridging Texts and CogNet (2021.acl-demo)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | CogNet is a knowledge base that integrates three types of knowledge: linguistic knowledge, world knowledge and commonsense knowledge. |
| Approach: | They propose an information extraction toolkit called CogIE that is a bridge connecting raw texts and CogNet. |
| Outcome: | The proposed toolkit can ground raw texts to CogNet and leverage different types of knowledge to enrich extracted results. |
Strengthened Symbol Binding Makes Large Language Models Reliable Multiple-Choice Selectors (2024.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs) are a critical area of research in the study of Large Language models (LLMs). |
| Approach: | They propose an efficient SFT algorithm for MCQs, termed Point-wise Intelligent Feedback, which constructs negative instances by randomly combing the incorrect option contents with all candidate symbols. |
| Outcome: | The proposed algorithm significantly reduces the model’s selection bias by improving its MCSB capability. |
CKDST: Comprehensively and Effectively Distill Knowledge from Machine Translation to End-to-End Speech Translation (2023.findings-acl)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | End-to-end speech-totext translation (ST) data are limited due to the limited resources. |
| Approach: | They propose a knowledge distillation framework for speech translation that integrates knowledge from machine translation and decouples knowledge from non-target class knowledge. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms state-of-the-art models on a benchmark dataset. |
KoCo-Bench: Can Large Language Models Leverage Domain Knowledge in Software Development? (2026.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
Xue Jiang, Ge Li, Jiaru Qian, Xianjie Shi, Chenjie Li, Hao Zhu, Ziyu Wang, Jielun Zhang, Zeyu Zhao, Kechi Zhang, Jia Li, Wenpin Jiao, Zhi Jin, Yihong Dong
| Challenge: | Existing domain-specific code benchmarks focus on assessing what knowledge LLMs possess rather than how they acquire and apply new knowledge. |
| Approach: | They propose a benchmark to evaluate domain specialization methods in real-world software development. |
| Outcome: | KOCO-bench is a new benchmark for evaluating domain specialization methods in real-world software development. |
MMSciCode: Real-world Evaluation of Multilingual Multi-Discipline Scientific Research Coding (2026.acl-long)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | MMSciCode is a benchmark for evaluating foundation models in scientific code generation. |
| Approach: | They propose a multilingual, multi-discipline benchmark for evaluating foundation models in scientific code generation that integrates domain-specific knowledge with algorithmic reasoning. |
| Outcome: | The new benchmark is annotated by domain experts and features rigorous quality controls to ensure dataset integrity and authenticity. |
UMR-Writer: A Web Application for Annotating Uniform Meaning Representations (2021.emnlp-demo)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Uniform Meaning Representations (UMRs) are graph-based semantic representations that can be used to annotate text. |
| Approach: | They present a web-based application for annotating Uniform Meaning Representations (UMR) they propose to use a graph-based cross-linguistically applicable semantic representation to annotate sentences and documents. |
| Outcome: | The proposed tool is based on a graph-based, cross-linguistically applicable semantic representation that can be used to annotate text. |
Pruning Foundation Models for High Accuracy without Retraining (2024.findings-emnlp)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Despite the superior performance of foundation models, it is challenging to deploy large language models in practical applications due to their massive parameters and computations. |
| Approach: | They propose a pruning algorithm to prune LLMs in one-shot without retraining . they propose retrainable pruning algorithms to prune multiple weights in LLM . |
| Outcome: | The proposed pruning methods perform better than baseline pruning methods on sparse and unstructured sparsity models. |
A Semantic Uncertainty Sampling Strategy for Back-Translation in Low-Resources Neural Machine Translation (2025.acl-srw)
Copied to clipboard
Yepai Jia, Yatu Ji, Xiang Xue, Shilei@imufe.edu.cn Shilei@imufe.edu.cn, Qing-Dao-Er-Ji Ren, Nier Wu, Na Liu, Chen Zhao, Fu Liu
| Challenge: | Back-translation methods rely on large-scale parallel corpora to enhance performance, but ignore the semantic quality of monolingual data. |
| Approach: | They propose a method which prioritizes sentences with higher semantic uncertainty as training samples by computationally evaluating the complexity of unannotated monolingual data. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method improves translation accuracy and fluency by +1.7 on all three translation tasks. |
MRAG: A Modular Retrieval Framework for Time-Sensitive Question Answering (2025.findings-emnlp)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Existing methods for answering time-sensitive questions lack temporal reasoning . existing methods struggle with these time-intensive questions, authors say . |
| Approach: | They propose a temporal-based question-answering framework that integrates temporal perturbations and gold evidence labels into a question processing framework. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms baseline retrieval methods in retrieval performance. |
Self-supervised Product Title Rewrite for Product Listing Ads (2022.naacl-industry)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Existing work has investigated the title optimization for Product Listing Ads (PLAs) however, little work has examined the effectiveness of this method. |
| Approach: | They propose a method to rewrite product listing ads titles without considering the fluency and information priority. |
| Outcome: | The proposed solution reduces the cost and improves CTR in the offline test and real-world online test by a large amount. |
Can LLMs Generate High-Quality Test Cases for Algorithm Problems? TestCase-Eval: A Systematic Evaluation of Fault Coverage and Exposure (2025.acl-short)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | TestCase-Eval focuses on Fault Coverage and Fault Exposure tasks . authors provide insights into their strengths and limitations in generating effective test cases . correctness and robustness of algorithmic solutions hinge on quality of test suites . |
| Approach: | They introduce TestCase-Eval, a benchmark for systematic evaluation of LLMs in test-case generation. |
| Outcome: | The new benchmark measures the performance of LLMs in test-case generation. |
ChildEval:WHEN LARGE LANGUAGE MODELS MEET CHILDREN’S PERSONALITIES (2026.findings-acl)
Copied to clipboard
| Challenge: | Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in effectively understanding and generating human language, leading to a revolutionary era in LLMs. |
| Approach: | They propose a benchmark to evaluate LLMs' ability to infer and follow child-centered preferences in long-context conversations. |
| Outcome: | The proposed benchmark spans five top-level and fourteen sub-level categories covering children’s daily lives and development. |