Papers by Jing Su
Chinese SafetyQA: A Safety Short-form Factuality Benchmark for Large Language Models (2025.acl-long)
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Yingshui Tan, Boren Zheng, Baihui Zheng, Kerui Cao, Huiyun Jing, Jincheng Wei, Jiaheng Liu, Yancheng He, Wenbo Su, Xiaoyong Zhu, Bo Zheng, Kaifu Zhang
| Challenge: | Large language models have created significant safety concerns . factuality ability is crucial in determining whether they can be deployed and applied safely and compliantly within specific regions. |
| Approach: | They propose a benchmark to evaluate the factuality of large language models in China . they evaluate the models' ability to provide accurate and reliable information . |
| Outcome: | The proposed benchmark evaluates the factuality abilities of existing LLMs and compares them to LLM abilities. |
USB: A COMPREHENSIVE AND UNIFIED SAFETY EVALUATION BENCHMARK FOR MULTIMODAL LARGE LANGUAGE MODELS (2026.acl-long)
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Baolin Zheng, Guanlin Chen, Qingyang Teng, Hongqiong Zhong, Yingshui Tan, Zhendong Liu, Weixun Wang, Jiaheng Liu, Jian Yang, Huiyun Jing, Jincheng Wei, Wenbo Su, Xiaoyong Zhu, Bo Zheng, Kaifu Zhang
| Challenge: | Existing safety benchmarks fail to provide reliable assessments due to limited risk coverage, insufficient scale and the oversight of complex modality combinations. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that covers 61 risk categories across four modality interactions to address this gap. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework covers 61 risk categories across four distinct modality interactions. |
LLMs Assist NLP Researchers: Critique Paper (Meta-)Reviewing (2024.emnlp-main)
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Jiangshu Du, Yibo Wang, Wenting Zhao, Zhongfen Deng, Shuaiqi Liu, Renze Lou, Henry Zou, Pranav Narayanan Venkit, Nan Zhang, Mukund Srinath, Haoran Zhang, Vipul Gupta, Yinghui Li, Tao Li, Fei Wang, Qin Liu, Tianlin Liu, Pengzhi Gao, Congying Xia, Chen Xing, Cheng Jiayang, Zhaowei Wang, Ying Su, Raj Shah, Ruohao Guo, Jing Gu, Haoran Li, Kangda Wei, Zihao Wang, Lu Cheng, Surangika Ranathunga, Meng Fang, Jie Fu, Fei Liu, Ruihong Huang, Eduardo Blanco, Yixin Cao, Rui Zhang, Philip Yu, Wenpeng Yin
| Challenge: | a comparative analysis of paper (meta-)reviews by large language models (LLMs) aims to identify and distinguish LLMs from human activities . |
| Approach: | They present a comparative analysis to identify and distinguish LLM activities from human activities. |
| Outcome: | The proposed analysis aims to improve recognition of instances when someone implicitly uses LLMs for reviewing activities. |
Sparse-RL: Breaking the Memory Wall in LLM Reinforcement Learning via Stable Sparse Rollouts (2026.acl-long)
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Sijia Luo, Xiaokang Zhang, Yuxuan Hu, Bohan Zhang, Ke Wang, Jinbo Su, Mengshu Sun, Lei Liang, Jing Zhang
| Challenge: | Existing methods for storing key-value caches during long-horizon rollouts cause performance collapses. |
| Approach: | They propose a new training paradigm that empowers stable RL training under sparse rollouts. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model reduces rollout overhead while maintaining the performance. |
Knowledge Inheritance for Pre-trained Language Models (2022.naacl-main)
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Yujia Qin, Yankai Lin, Jing Yi, Jiajie Zhang, Xu Han, Zhengyan Zhang, Yusheng Su, Zhiyuan Liu, Peng Li, Maosong Sun, Jie Zhou
| Challenge: | Existing large-scale pre-trained language models are mainly trained from scratch individually, ignoring that many well-taught PLMs are available. |
| Approach: | They propose a pre-training framework called knowledge inheritance and propose auxiliary supervision to efficiently learn larger PLMs. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework can be used to train large-scale language models with huge parameters and a large dataset can be adapted to domain adaptation and knowledge transfer. |
Locate, Steer, and Improve: A Practical Survey of Actionable Mechanistic Interpretability in Large Language Models (2026.findings-acl)
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Hengyuan Zhang, Zhihao Zhang, Ercong Nie, Mingyang Wang, Zunhai Su, Yiwei Wang, Qianli Wang, Shuzhou Yuan, Xufeng Duan, Qibo Xue, Zeping Yu, Chenming Shang, Xiao Liang, Jing Xiong, Hui Shen, Chaofan Tao, Zhengwu Liu, Senjie Jin, Zhiheng Xi, Dongdong Zhang, Sophia Ananiadou, Tao Gui, Ruobing Xie, Hayden Kwok-Hay So, Hinrich Schuetze, Xuanjing Huang, Qi Zhang, Ngai Wong
| Challenge: | Existing literature on mechanistic interpretation (MI) treats it as an observational science, leaving practical applications underexplored. |
| Approach: | They propose a survey structured around the pipeline to identify and improve MI models. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework enables tangible improvements in Alignment, Capability, and Efficiency. |
Evolutionary Guided Decoding: Iterative Value Refinement for LLMs (2026.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods for directing language model outputs are limited in their accuracy due to a distributional gap . existing methods train static value functions on trajectories sampled exclusively from the base policy . |
| Approach: | They propose a framework to bridge a distributional gap in the accuracy of value functions . they propose RLHF to align language models with human values and task requirements . |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework reduces computational costs and improves value function accuracy by leveraging principled value function optimization. |
R2D2: Recursive Transformer based on Differentiable Tree for Interpretable Hierarchical Language Modeling (2021.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing models with stacked layers do not explicitly model hierarchical structure of language understanding. |
| Approach: | They propose a recursive Transformer model based on differentiable CKY style binary trees to emulate hierarchical composition process. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model can predict words given their left and right abstraction nodes. |
PRDetect: Perturbation-Robust LLM-generated Text Detection Based on Syntax Tree (2025.findings-naacl)
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| Challenge: | Recent methods for detecting LLM-generated text have shown impressive performance, but in real-world scenarios, users often introduce perturbations to the text. |
| Approach: | They propose a method that detects syntactic trees that are minimally affected by perturbations and exhibit distinct differences between human-written and LLM-generated text. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method shows that it is significantly better against perturbations on the HC3 and GPT-3.5-mixed datasets and also has the shortest time expenditure. |
Read Before Grounding: Scene Knowledge Visual Grounding via Multi-step Parsing (2025.coling-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing VG datasets use simple textual descriptions with limited attribute and spatial information between images and text. |
| Approach: | They propose a method that transforms visual knowledge into concise, information-dense visual descriptions. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method significantly improves performance of multimodal grounding models. |
ChatSOP: An SOP-Guided MCTS Planning Framework for Controllable LLM Dialogue Agents (2025.acl-long)
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Zhigen Li, Jianxiang Peng, Yanmeng Wang, Yong Cao, Tianhao Shen, Minghui Zhang, Linxi Su, Shang Wu, Yihang Wu, YuQian Wang, Ye Wang, Wei Hu, Jianfeng Li, Shaojun Wang, Jing Xiao, Deyi Xiong
| Challenge: | Existing models that use Large Language Models (LLMs) show superior performance in various tasks, but lack of controllability leads to unfocused conversations or task failure. |
| Approach: | They propose a standard operating procedure (SOP) framework to regulate dialogue flow by integrating Chain of Thought reasoning and supervised fine-tuning for SOP prediction. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method achieves a 27.95% improvement in action accuracy compared to baseline models based on GPT-3.5 and also shows notable gains for open-source models. |
Towards Universal Debiasing for Language Models-based Tabular Data Generation (2025.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Existing large language models have exacerbated fairness issues in tabular data generation . inherent historical biases in tabulated data cause LLMs to exacerbate fairness problems . |
| Approach: | They propose a universal debiasing framework that minimizes group-level dependencies . it leverages the autoregressive structure and analytic sampling distributions of LLM-based tabular data generators . |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework minimizes group-level dependencies while reducing mutual information between advantaged and protected attributes. |
OPeRA: A Dataset of Observation, Persona, Rationale, and Action for Evaluating LLMs on Human Online Shopping Behavior Simulation (2026.acl-long)
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Ziyi Wang, Yuxuan Lu, Wenbo Li, Amirali Amini, Bo Sun, Yakov Bart, Weimin Lyu, Jiri Gesi, Tian Wang, Jing Huang, Yu Su, Upol Ehsan, Malihe Alikhani, Toby Jia-Jun Li, Lydia Chilton, Dakuo Wang
| Challenge: | evaluating LLMs' ability to mimic real user behavior remains an open challenge due to the lack of high-quality, publicly available datasets that capture both the observable actions and the internal reasoning of an actual user. |
| Approach: | They propose a dataset of Observation, Persona, Rationale, and Action collected from real human participants during online shopping sessions. |
| Outcome: | The proposed dataset is the first to evaluate how well current LLMs can accurately simulate the next web action of a specific user. |
API Is Enough: Conformal Prediction for Large Language Models Without Logit-Access (2024.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods for quantifying uncertainty in large language models with black-box API access are limited due to the complex data distributions and inner model mechanism. |
| Approach: | They propose a conformal prediction method that minimizes the size of prediction sets and ensures a statistical guarantee of the user-defined coverage. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method outperforms existing methods on close-ended and open-ended questions. |
Supervised Gradual Machine Learning for Aspect-Term Sentiment Analysis (2023.tacl-1)
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| Challenge: | Recent work shows that Aspect-Term Sentiment Analysis (ATSA) can be performed by Gradual Machine Learning (GML) but the current unsupervised solution is limited by inaccurate knowledge conveyance. |
| Approach: | They propose a supervised approach which leverages binary polarity relations between instances to enable supervised knowledge conveyance. |
| Outcome: | The proposed approach outperforms pure DNN solutions on real benchmark data. |
CodeDPO: Aligning Code Models with Self Generated and Verified Source Code (2025.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing training methods for code generation do not improve code correctness and efficiency. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that integrates preference learning into code generation to improve code correctness and efficiency. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework improves code correctness and efficiency by integrating preference learning into code generation. |
An Expert is Worth One Token: Synergizing Multiple Expert LLMs as Generalist via Expert Token Routing (2024.acl-long)
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Ziwei Chai, Guoyin Wang, Jing Su, Tianjie Zhang, Xuanwen Huang, Xuwu Wang, Jingjing Xu, Jianbo Yuan, Hongxia Yang, Fei Wu, Yang Yang
| Challenge: | Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a wide spectrum of tasks, but performance and reliability in certain specialized domains still fall short of expectations. |
| Approach: | They propose a unified generalist framework that facilitates seamless integration of multiple expert LLMs. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms existing multi-LLM collaboration paradigms across six diverse expert domains. |
Profanity-Avoiding Training Framework for Seq2seq Models with Certified Robustness (2021.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | a recent study shows that inappropriate language can cause models to output profanity . authors propose a training framework to prevent such outputs from hurting the usability of models . |
| Approach: | proposed training framework eliminates the causes that trigger the generation of profanity . authors propose a framework that leverages a short list of profans to prevent this . |
| Outcome: | a proposed training framework can prevent models from generating profanity . the proposed framework leverages a short list of profanities examples . |