Papers by Bohan Zhang
Agentic Economic Modeling (2026.acl-industry)
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| Challenge: | AEM is a framework that aligns synthetic LLM choices with small-sample human evidence for reliable econometric inference. |
| Approach: | They introduce a framework that aligns synthetic LLM choices with small-sample human evidence for reliable econometric inference. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework improves RCT efficiency and establishes a foundation method for LLM-based counterfactual generation. |
Sparse-RL: Breaking the Memory Wall in LLM Reinforcement Learning via Stable Sparse Rollouts (2026.acl-long)
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Sijia Luo, Xiaokang Zhang, Yuxuan Hu, Bohan Zhang, Ke Wang, Jinbo Su, Mengshu Sun, Lei Liang, Jing Zhang
| Challenge: | Existing methods for storing key-value caches during long-horizon rollouts cause performance collapses. |
| Approach: | They propose a new training paradigm that empowers stable RL training under sparse rollouts. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model reduces rollout overhead while maintaining the performance. |
Arctic-Text2SQL-R1: Simple Rewards, Strong Reasoning in Text-to-SQL (2026.findings-acl)
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Zhewei Yao, Guoheng Sun, Łukasz Borchmann, Zheyu Shen, Minghang Deng, Bohan Zhai, Hao Zhang, Ang Li, Yuxiong He
| Challenge: | Translating natural language questions into SQL is a core challenge in natural language understanding and human-computer interaction. |
| Approach: | They propose a reinforcement learning framework and model family to generate accurate, executable SQL using a lightweight reward signal based solely on execution correctness. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms previous versions of 70B-class systems and achieves state-of-the-art execution accuracy across six diverse Text2SQL benchmarks. |
A Survey on Efficient Large Language Model Training: From Data-centric Perspectives (2025.acl-long)
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Junyu Luo, Bohan Wu, Xiao Luo, Zhiping Xiao, Yiqiao Jin, Rong-Cheng Tu, Nan Yin, Yifan Wang, Jingyang Yuan, Wei Ju, Ming Zhang
| Challenge: | achieving data-efficient post-training of Large Language Models is a key research question. |
| Approach: | They propose a taxonomy of data-efficient LLM post-training methods from a data-centric perspective. |
| Outcome: | The proposed methods cover data selection, data quality enhancement, synthetic data generation, data distillation and compression, and self-evolving data ecosystems. |
ExAnte: A Benchmark for Ex-Ante Inference in Large Language Models (2026.eacl-long)
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| Challenge: | Large language models (LLMs) struggle with ex-ante reasoning—making inferences or predictions without access to future information. |
| Approach: | They propose a benchmark that assesses LLMs’ ex-ante inference ability across four tasks: stock prediction, question answering, Wikipedia event generation, and scientific publication generation. |
| Outcome: | The proposed benchmark assesses LLMs’ ex-ante inference ability across four tasks. |
MTP-RL: Acceleration of Reinforcement Learning Rollouts with Policy-Aligned Multi-Token Prediction (2026.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Reinforcement learning (RL) is widely applied to boost the performance of pretrained models, yet its training efficiency is severely constrained by rollout generation. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that accelerates the rollout phase for diverse models by equipping a pipeline to equip the multi-layer parameter-sharing MTP for all models and an advantage-aware MTP optimization strategy. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework achieves stable growth of acceptance length during RL training, and also accelerates RL rollouts, achieving an average 23.1%–55.3% reduction in rollout time compared to baselines. |
AgentAsk: Multi-Agent Systems Need to Ask (2026.acl-long)
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Bohan Lin, Kuo Yang, Zelin Tan, Yingchuan Lai, Chen Zhang, Guibin Zhang, Xinlei Yu, Miao Yu, Xu Wang, Yudong Zhang, Yang Wang
| Challenge: | Multi-agent systems fail to consistently outperform strong single-a agent baselines due to error propagation at inter-aggent message handoffs. |
| Approach: | They propose an edge-level error taxonomy that identifies four main errors in multi-agent interactions as data gaps, signal corruption, referential drift and capacity gaps as primary sources of failure. |
| Outcome: | The proposed module outperforms existing systems on five benchmarks and is architecture-agnostic. |
Hetero-Designer: Automated Design of Multi-Agent Systems with Heterogeneous LLMs (2026.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing approaches to design LLM-based Multi-agent systems are constrained by homogeneous LLMs. |
| Approach: | They propose an automated design of heterogeneous-LLMs-based MAS with a binary-star transformer and an autoregressive graph generation pipeline. |
| Outcome: | The proposed pipeline is high-performing on various benchmarks and extensible to unseen LLMs and roles. |
LoRAPrune: Structured Pruning Meets Low-Rank Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (2024.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Low-rank adaption (LoRA) is a low-level pruning method that can be expensive and slow to deploy. |
| Approach: | They propose a low-rank adaption pruning framework that provides an accurate structured pruned model in a memory-efficient manner. |
| Outcome: | The proposed pruning framework reduces perplexity and memory usage by 52.6% on LLaMA and T5 models while reducing memory usage. |
VideoScore: Building Automatic Metrics to Simulate Fine-grained Human Feedback for Video Generation (2024.emnlp-main)
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Xuan He, Dongfu Jiang, Ge Zhang, Max Ku, Achint Soni, Sherman Siu, Haonan Chen, Abhranil Chandra, Ziyan Jiang, Aaran Arulraj, Kai Wang, Quy Do, Yuansheng Ni, Bohan Lyu, Yaswanth Narsupalli, Rongqi Fan, Zhiheng Lyu, Bill Yuchen Lin, Wenhu Chen
| Challenge: | Existing video metrics are lagging behind in providing reliable scores over generated videos due to lack of large-scale human-annotated dataset. |
| Approach: | They propose to use VideoFeedback to train a human-annotated multi-aspect score over 37.6K synthesized videos from 11 existing video generative models. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model outperforms the prior best metrics by 50 points in the test. |
AdamS: Momentum Itself Can Be A Normalizer for LLM Pretraining and Post-training (2025.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Empirically, AdamS demonstrates strong performance in various tasks . et al., 2023b): AdamS is efficient, efficient, and model-agnostic. |
| Approach: | They propose a model-agnostic alternative to Adam for large language model pretraining and post-training. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method matches memory footprint of SGD with momentum while delivering superior performance. |
Predicting Sentence Deletions for Text Simplification Using a Functional Discourse Structure (2022.acl-short)
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| Challenge: | Document-level text simplification often deletes some sentences to reduce text complexity. |
| Approach: | They use a news genre-specific functional discourse structure to predict sentence deletions . they incorporate sentence categories into a neural net model to improve recall . |
| Outcome: | The proposed model improves the recall of deletion prediction by 6.5% and 10.7%, and the overall F1 score by 3.6% and 4.3% respectively. |
MorphoBench: A Benchmark with Difficulty Adaptive to Model Reasoning (2026.findings-acl)
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Xukai Wang, Xuanbo Liu, Mingrui Chen, Haitian Zhong, Xuanlin Yang, Bohan Zeng, Jinbo Hu, Hao Liang, Junbo Niu, Xuchen Li, Ruitao Wu, Ruichuan An, Yang Shi, Liu Liu, Qiang Liu, Zhouchen Lin, Xu-Yao Zhang, Wentao Zhang, Bin Dong
| Challenge: | Existing benchmarks designed to evaluate the reasoning capabilities of large models are limited in scope and lack flexibility to adapt difficulty according to evolving reasoning capacities of models. |
| Approach: | They propose a benchmark that incorporates multidisciplinary questions to evaluate the reasoning capabilities of large models and can adjust and update question difficulty based on the reasoning abilities of advanced models. |
| Outcome: | The proposed benchmark incorporates multidisciplinary questions to evaluate the reasoning capabilities of large models and can adjust and update question difficulty based on the reasoning abilities of advanced models. |
Can Large Language Models Understand You Better? An MBTI Personality Detection Dataset Aligned with Population Traits (2025.coling-main)
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Bohan Li, Jiannan Guan, Longxu Dou, Yunlong Feng, Dingzirui Wang, Yang Xu, Enbo Wang, Qiguang Chen, Bichen Wang, Xiao Xu, Yimeng Zhang, Libo Qin, Yanyan Zhao, Qingfu Zhu, Wanxiang Che
| Challenge: | Existing data on MBTI personality detection are based on self-reported labels and fail to capture the full range of population personality traits. |
| Approach: | They construct a manually annotated MBTI personality detection dataset with soft labels under the guidance of psychologists and use them to identify the task. |
| Outcome: | The MBTIBench is the first manually annotated MBti personality detection dataset with soft labels under the guidance of psychologists. |
SciCustom: A Framework for Custom Evaluation of Scientific Capabilities in Large Language Models (2026.acl-long)
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Yiyang Gu, Junwei Yang, Junyu Luo, Ye Yuan, Bin Feng, Yingce Xia, Shufang Xie, Kaili Liu, Bohan Wu, Qi Shi, Haoran Li, Beier Xiao, Zhiping Xiao, Xiao Luo, Weizhi Zhang, Philip S. Yu, Zequn Liu, Ming Zhang
| Challenge: | Existing evaluations of large language models fail to reflect fine-grained capabilities . existing benchmarks are manually curated or domain-generic, limiting scalability and alignment with real use cases. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that allows custom construction of benchmarks from large-scale scientific data to evaluate application-specific scientific capabilities in LLMs. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework reveals fine-grained differences in scientific capabilities that standard benchmarks overlook . it allows custom construction of benchmarks from large-scale scientific data to evaluate application-specific capabilities in LLMs. |
CoV: Chain-of-View Prompting for Spatial Reasoning (2026.findings-acl)
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Haoyu Zhao, Akide Liu, Zeyu Zhang, Weijie Wang, Feng Chen, Ruihan Zhu, Gholamreza Haffari, Bohan Zhuang
| Challenge: | Embodied question answering requires collecting context that is distributed across multiple viewpoints . most recent vision–language models (VLMs) are constrained to a fixed and finite set of input views . |
| Approach: | They propose a training-free, test-time reasoning framework that transforms a VLM into an active viewpoint reasoner through a coarse-to-fine exploration process. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework improves LLM-Match performance by 11.98% on four mainstream VLMs. |
Act as you think: Reinforcing Consistent Reasoning in Medical Visual Question Answering (2026.acl-long)
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Songtao Jiang, Yuan Wang, Ruizhe Chen, Yan Zhang, Ruilin Luo, Bohan Lei, Yeying Jin, Sibo Song, ZhiBo Yang, Jimeng Sun, Jian Wu, Zuozhu Liu
| Challenge: | Recent advances have improved the accuracy of medical visual question answering (Med-VQA) however, the high stakes nature of the medical domain has precipitated a shift towards interpretability and transparency of reasoning processes. |
| Approach: | They propose a reinforcement learning from verifiable rewards framework that rewards internal consistency and logical coherence. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework rewards internal consistency and logical coherence, and is highly versatile, the authors show. |
Classification without (Proper) Representation: Political Heterogeneity in Social Media and Its Implications for Classification and Behavioral Analysis (2022.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Prior work has shown that partisan leanings can be inferred from a diverse set of behavioral characteristics such as text, social networks, and even community participation. |
| Approach: | They test this assumption and show that commonly-used models do not generalize . they also show that political users are more toxic on the platform and inter-party interactions are even more toxic . |
| Outcome: | The proposed models do not generalize, indicating heterogeneous political users. |
TableLLM: Enabling Tabular Data Manipulation by LLMs in Real Office Usage Scenarios (2025.findings-acl)
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Xiaokang Zhang, Sijia Luo, Bohan Zhang, Zeyao Ma, Jing Zhang, Yang Li, Guanlin Li, Zijun Yao, Kangli Xu, Jinchang Zhou, Daniel Zhang-Li, Jifan Yu, Shu Zhao, Juanzi Li, Jie Tang
| Challenge: | TableLLM is a robust large language model capable of handling tabular data manipulation tasks. |
| Approach: | They propose a distant supervision method for training which includes a reasoning process extension strategy and a cross-way validation strategy. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model has 8 billion parameters and is capable of handling tabular data tasks. |
MathAgent: Adversarial Evolution of Constraint Graphs for Mathematical Reasoning Data Synthesis (2026.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Current approaches to synthesising high-quality mathematical reasoning data without human priors suffer from mode collapse and limited logical complexity. |
| Approach: | They propose a hierarchical synthesis framework that formulates data synthesis as an unsupervised optimization problem over a constraint graph followed by semantic instantiation rather than a direct text generation task. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms widely-used datasets on eight mathematical benchmarks. |
CoT-based Synthesizer: Enhancing LLM Performance through Answer Synthesis (2025.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing inference scaling methods rely heavily on the quality of candidate responses . however, they are unable to produce correct answers when all candidates are flawed . |
| Approach: | They propose a CoT-based inference scaling strategy that leverages CoT reasoning to synthesize superior answers by analyzing complementary information from multiple candidate responses. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method improves performance on four benchmark datasets with seven policy models. |
CaDRL: Document-level Relation Extraction via Context-aware Differentiable Rule Learning (2025.coling-main)
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Kunli Zhang, Pengcheng Wu, Bohan Yu, Kejun Wu, Aoze Zheng, Xiyang Huang, Chenkang Zhu, Min Peng, Hongying Zan, Yu Song
| Challenge: | Existing methods for document-level relation extraction (DocRE) lack logic and transparency. |
| Approach: | They propose a Context-aware differentiable rule learning framework that learns the doc-specific logical rule to avoid suboptimal constraints. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms existing rule-based frameworks on three DocRE datasets. |
Causal Inference for Human-Language Model Collaboration (2024.naacl-long)
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| Challenge: | In this paper, we examine the collaborative dynamics between humans and language models where the interaction involves LMs proposing text segments and humans editing or responding to these segments. |
| Approach: | They propose a causal estimand to estimate the incremental stylistic effect (ISE) of various interaction strategies in dynamic human-LM collaborations. |
| Outcome: | The proposed estimand reduces confounding and significantly improves counterfactual estimation over a set of competitive baselines. |
Surge: On the Potential of Large Language Models as General-Purpose Surrogate Code Executors (2025.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Neural surrogate models are powerful tools in data mining, but are underexplored . large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in code-related tasks . |
| Approach: | They propose a benchmarking framework to examine the feasibility of large language models . they examine scaling laws, data efficiency, and predictive accuracy of 21 open-source and proprietary LLMs . |
| Outcome: | The proposed benchmark examines 21 open-source and proprietary LLMs . it also examines scaling laws, data efficiency, and predictive accuracy . |
MMEvalPro: Calibrating Multimodal Benchmarks Towards Trustworthy and Efficient Evaluation (2025.naacl-long)
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Jinsheng Huang, Liang Chen, Taian Guo, Fu Zeng, Yusheng Zhao, Bohan Wu, Ye Yuan, Haozhe Zhao, Zhihui Guo, Yichi Zhang, Jingyang Yuan, Wei Ju, Luchen Liu, Tianyu Liu, Baobao Chang, Ming Zhang
| Challenge: | Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) exhibit impressive cross-modal understanding and reasoning abilities, but many benchmarks suffer from systematic biases. |
| Approach: | They propose a benchmark to avoid Type-I errors by creating one perception question and one knowledge anchor question through a meticulous annotation process. |
| Outcome: | The proposed benchmark avoids Type-I errors while maintaining reliability of MCQ evaluations. |
Enhancing Open-Domain Task-Solving Capability of LLMs via Autonomous Tool Integration from GitHub (2025.acl-long)
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Bohan Lyu, Xin Cong, Heyang Yu, Pan Yang, Cheng Qian, Zihe Wang, Yujia Qin, Yining Ye, Yaxi Lu, Chen Qian, Zhong Zhang, Yukun Yan, Yankai Lin, Zhiyuan Liu, Maosong Sun
| Challenge: | Existing approaches lack flexibility to address diverse and ever-evolving user queries in open domains. |
| Approach: | They propose to evaluate LLMs on open-domain knowledge that requires tools to solve diverse and ever-evolving user queries. |
| Outcome: | The proposed system outperforms baselines in the open domain task-solving benchmark. |