Papers by Kuang Wang
EvoSpark: Endogenous Interactive Agent Societies for Unified Long-Horizon Narrative Evolution (2026.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing systems suffer from social memory stacking and narrative-spatial dissonance . long-horizon narratives suffer from conflicting relational states without resolution . |
| Approach: | They propose a framework to sustain logically coherent long-horizon narratives within endogenous interactive agent societies. |
| Outcome: | Experiments show that the framework outperforms baselines across paradigms. |
Learning to Solve Domain-Specific Calculation Problems with Knowledge-Intensive Programs Generator (2025.naacl-long)
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| Challenge: | Domain Large Language Models (LLMs) are developed for domain-specific tasks based on general LLMs, but it still requires professional knowledge to facilitate the expertise for some domain- specific tasks. |
| Approach: | They propose a pipeline to solve domain-specific calculation problems with KIPG . they use it to extract key variables and calculate outcomes dependent on domain knowledge . |
| Outcome: | The proposed pipeline solves domain-specific calculation problems more effectively . it generates knowledge-intensive programs according to the domain- specific documents . |
ChessArena: A Chess Testbed for Evaluating Strategic Reasoning Capabilities of Large Language Models (2026.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing evaluation frameworks focus on isolated question-answering tasks that may not capture the essential aspects of strategic reasoning. |
| Approach: | They evaluate 13 large language models across over 800 games in chess . they use a chessian-based framework to test strategic reasoning and pattern recognition . |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework improves performance and basic understanding of large language models. |
Know You First and Be You Better: Modeling Human-Like User Simulators via Implicit Profiles (2025.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing user simulators lack authenticity and user-level diversity in interactions with large language models. |
| Approach: | They propose a user simulator with implicit user profiles that infers user profiles from human-machine interactions to simulate personalized and realistic dialogues. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms baselines in authenticity and diversity while maintaining comparable consistency. |
CSTree-SRI: Introspection-Driven Cognitive Semantic Tree for Multi-Turn Question Answering over Extra-Long Contexts (2025.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in natural language processing (NLP), particularly in single-turn question answering (QA) on short-text. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that captures logical correlations across chunks of ELC and maintains coherence of multi-turn Questions. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework is able to capture logical correlations across chunks of ELC and maintain coherence of multi-turn Questions. |
Tailoring Diagnostic Modeling to Individual Learners: Personalized Distractor Generation via MCTS-Guided Reasoning Reconstruction (2026.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Current distractor generation methods produce shared distractors for all students, ignoring individual variations in reasoning, which limits their diagnostic effectiveness. |
| Approach: | They propose a method which tailors distractors to each student’s specific cognitive flaws, inferred from their past question-answering (QA) history. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms existing methods in generating plausible distractors and adapts to group-level settings. |
Gold Panning in Vocabulary: An Adaptive Method for Vocabulary Expansion of Domain-Specific LLMs (2024.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle when it comes to specialized domains due to limited domain-specific knowledge. |
| Approach: | They propose an adaptive method that automatically identifies valuable words from a given domain vocabulary. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method has been validated on three Chinese datasets and performed on general tasks. |
TexOCR: Advancing Document OCR Models for Compilable Page-to-LaTeX Reconstruction (2026.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing document OCR largely targets plain text or Markdown, discarding structural and executable properties that make LaTeX essential for scientific publishing. |
| Approach: | They propose a benchmark and a training corpus for document reconstruction . they train a 2B-parameter model using supervised fine-tuning and reinforcement learning . |
| Outcome: | The proposed model improves on existing models using supervised fine-tuning and reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards. |
Re3Syn: A Dependency-Based Data Synthesis Framework for Long-Context Post-training (2025.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods for constructing long-context data by concatenating short documents have overlooked a crucial characteristic of long-constituency data quality, semantic dependency. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework called Retrieval, Dependency Recognition, and Reorder for data synthesis which leverages semantic similarity to retrieve relevant documents and form several batches. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework leverages semantic similarity to retrieve relevant documents and form several batches. |
LoraRetriever: Input-Aware LoRA Retrieval and Composition for Mixed Tasks in the Wild (2024.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is an effective yet efficient solution for fine-tuning large language models. |
| Approach: | They propose a low-rank Adaptation framework that retrieves and composes multiple LoRAs according to input prompts. |
| Outcome: | Experimental results show that LoraRetriever outperforms baselines in terms of performance and versatility. |
UniLR: Unleashing the Power of LLMs on Multiple Legal Tasks with a Unified Legal Retriever (2025.acl-long)
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Ang Li, Yiquan Wu, Yifei Liu, Ming Cai, Lizhi Qing, Shihang Wang, Yangyang Kang, Chengyuan Liu, Fei Wu, Kun Kuang
| Challenge: | Existing retrieval methods are designed for general domains, struggling with legal knowledge, or tailored for specific legal tasks, unable to handle diverse legal knowledge types. |
| Approach: | They propose a novel retrieval method that integrates specialized knowledge into LLMs. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method can perform multiple legal retrieval tasks for LLMs. |
More Than Catastrophic Forgetting: Integrating General Capabilities For Domain-Specific LLMs (2024.emnlp-main)
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Chengyuan Liu, Yangyang Kang, Shihang Wang, Lizhi Qing, Fubang Zhao, Chao Wu, Changlong Sun, Kun Kuang, Fei Wu
| Challenge: | a recent study shows that performance on general tasks decreases after Large Language Models are fine-tuned on domain-specific tasks. |
| Approach: | They propose a general capability integration approach to integrate general capabilities and domain knowledge within a single instance. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method improves performance on domain-specific tasks by integrating general capabilities and domain knowledge. |
Why Not Act on What You Know? Unleashing Safety Potential of LLMs via Self-Aware Guard Enhancement (2025.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across various tasks but are vulnerable to meticulously crafted jailbreak attacks. |
| Approach: | They propose a training-free defense strategy to align LLMs’ strong safety discrimination performance with their relatively weaker safety generation ability. |
| Outcome: | The proposed strategy achieves an average 99% success rate against numerous complex and covert jailbreak methods while maintaining helpfulness on general benchmarks. |
CoEvo: Coevolution of LLM and Retrieval Model for Domain-Specific Information Retrieval (2025.emnlp-main)
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Ang Li, Yiquan Wu, Yinghao Hu, Lizhi Qing, Shihang Wang, Chengyuan Liu, Tao Wu, Adam Jatowt, Ming Cai, Fei Wu, Kun Kuang
| Challenge: | Recent methods to enhance queries by generating intermediary elements can degrade retrieval performance . combining LLMs and retrievers can be difficult, resulting in unreliable or irrelevant intermediaries . |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that facilitates the coevolution of large language models and retrieval models. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework facilitates the coevolution of LLMs and retrieval models. |
Meeseeks: A Feedback-Driven, Iterative Self-Correction Benchmark evaluating LLMs’ Instruction Following Capability (2026.findings-acl)
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Jiaming Wang, Yunke Zhao, Peng Ding, Jun Kuang, Yibin Shen, Zhe Tang, Yilin Jin, ZongYu Wang, Xiaoyu Li, Xuezhi Cao
| Challenge: | Existing models lack the ability to adhere to instructions, resulting in suboptimal performance. |
| Approach: | They propose an automated iterative instruction-following benchmark with integrated feedback mechanism. |
| Outcome: | The proposed benchmark identifies erroneous components in model responses and provides feedback accurately. |
Express What You See: Can Multimodal LLMs Decode Visual Ciphers with Intuitive Semiosis Comprehension? (2025.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Traditional VQA benchmarks encounter a modality gap and over-reliance on language priors, whereas human cognition excels at intuitive semiosis, associating abstract visual symbols to linguistic semantics. |
| Approach: | They propose a task of generating abstract linguistics from emoji sequence images, where such reasoning underpins critical applications in cryptography. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model can generate abstract linguistics from emoji sequence images, challenging MLLMs’ reasoning of decoding complex semantics of visual ciphers. |
SciVer: Evaluating Foundation Models for Multimodal Scientific Claim Verification (2025.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing scientific claim verification benchmarks focus on textual content alone or on verifying claims based on a single table. |
| Approach: | They propose to use SciVer to evaluate the ability of foundation models to verify claims within a multimodal scientific context. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model outperforms 21 state-of-the-art models and human experts on SciVer. |
DVAGen: Dynamic Vocabulary Augmented Generation (2025.emnlp-demos)
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| Challenge: | Existing dynamic vocabulary approaches struggle to generalize to novel or out-of-vocabulary words, limiting their flexibility in handling diverse token combinations. |
| Approach: | They propose an open-source framework for training, evaluation, and visualization of dynamic vocabulary-augmented language models. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework validates the effectiveness of dynamic vocabulary-augmented language models on modern LLMs and shows support for batch inference significantly improving inference throughput. |
Exploiting Contrastive Learning and Numerical Evidence for Confusing Legal Judgment Prediction (2023.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Existing studies fail to distinguish different classification errors with a standard cross-entropy classification loss and ignore the numbers in the fact description for predicting the term of penalty. |
| Approach: | They propose to extract crime amounts from fact description and use them to learn distinguishable representations to exploit the numbers in the fact description for predicting the term of penalty. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method achieves state-of-the-art results on real-world datasets and ablation studies demonstrate the effectiveness of each component. |
CharTide: Data-Centric Chart-to-Code Generation via Tri-Perspective Tuning and Inquiry-Driven Evolution (2026.acl-long)
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Xiangxi Zheng, Kuang He, Jiayi Hu, Ping Yu, Rui Yan, Yuan Yao, Peng Hou, Anxiang Zeng, Alex Jinpeng Wang
| Challenge: | Existing approaches to chart-to-code generation are constrained by data-centric limitations . authors present a new framework that redesigns both training and alignment data . |
| Approach: | They propose a data-centric framework that redesigns both training and alignment data for chart-to-code generation. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms open-source baselines and is competitive with GPT-5. |
Breaking the Hourglass Phenomenon of Residual Quantization: Enhancing the Upper Bound of Generative Retrieval (2024.emnlp-industry)
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Zhirui Kuai, Zuxu Chen, Huimu Wang, Mingming Li, Dadong Miao, Wang Binbin, Xusong Chen, Li Kuang, Yuxing Han, Jiaxing Wang, Guoyu Tang, Lin Liu, Songlin Wang, Jingwei Zhuo
| Challenge: | Generative retrieval (GR) is a transformative paradigm in search and recommender systems . however, data sparsity and long-tailed distribution hinder the full utilization of GR . |
| Approach: | They propose a method to reduce the "Hourglass" phenomenon in RQ-SID where codebook tokens become overly concentrated. |
| Outcome: | The proposed methods improve retrieval efficiency and generalization capabilities. |
Embracing Imperfection: Simulating Students with Diverse Cognitive Levels Using LLM-based Agents (2025.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Large language models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly popular in education, enabling researchers to simulate students' learning patterns and learning patterns. |
| Approach: | They propose a training-free framework for student simulation that takes into account student cognitive diversity and realism. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model outperforms baseline models and achieves 100% improvement in simulation accuracy and realism. |
OS Agents: A Survey on MLLM-based Agents for Computer, Phone and Browser Use (2025.acl-long)
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Xueyu Hu, Tao Xiong, Biao Yi, Zishu Wei, Ruixuan Xiao, Yurun Chen, Jiasheng Ye, Meiling Tao, Xiangxin Zhou, Ziyu Zhao, Yuhuai Li, Shengze Xu, Shenzhi Wang, Xinchen Xu, Shuofei Qiao, Zhaokai Wang, Kun Kuang, Tieyong Zeng, Liang Wang, Jiwei Li, Yuchen Eleanor Jiang, Wangchunshu Zhou, Guoyin Wang, Keting Yin, Zhou Zhao, Hongxia Yang, Fan Wu, Shengyu Zhang, Fei Wu
| Challenge: | a new generation of (M)LLMs is enabling the creation of superintelligent AI assistants . OS Agents can complete tasks autonomously and have the potential to significantly enhance the lives of billions of users worldwide. |
| Approach: | They propose to build OS Agents that operate within operating systems' GUIs and GUIs . they examine evaluation metrics and benchmarks to identify promising directions . |
| Outcome: | The proposed agents are based on operating systems (OS) and operating systems frameworks. |