Papers by Hu Jing

41 papers
WavLLM: Towards Robust and Adaptive Speech Large Language Model (2024.findings-emnlp)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have expanded their scope to encompass multimodal functions.
Approach: They propose a robust and adaptive speech large language model with dual encoders . they validate the model on universal speech benchmarks and apply it to specialized speech-question-answer datasets based on a CoT approach .
Outcome: The proposed model achieves state-of-the-art performance across a range of speech tasks on the same model size.
SP3: Enhancing Structured Pruning via PCA Projection (2024.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Structured pruning is a widely used technique for reducing the size of pre-trained language models, but current methods overlook the potential of compressing the hidden dimension d in PLMs.
Approach: They propose a structured pruning approach that projectes features into a space defined by principal components before masking the hidden dimension d in pre-trained language models.
Outcome: Experiments on benchmarks show that SP3 can reduce d by 70%, compress 94% of the BERTbase model, and maintain over 96% accuracy.
CORD: Bridging the Audio–Text Reasoning Gap via Weighted On-policy Cross-modal Distillation (2026.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) exhibit a degradation in knowledge and reasoning capabilities . empirical results show that CORD significantly bridges the audio–text performance gap .
Approach: They propose a framework that performs online cross-modal self-distillation to bridge the acoustic-semantic gap between LALMs and text-based models.
Outcome: The proposed framework bridges the acoustic-semantic gap between LALMs and text-based models . it employs on-policy reverse KL divergence with importance-aware weighting .
Sparse-RL: Breaking the Memory Wall in LLM Reinforcement Learning via Stable Sparse Rollouts (2026.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing methods for storing key-value caches during long-horizon rollouts cause performance collapses.
Approach: They propose a new training paradigm that empowers stable RL training under sparse rollouts.
Outcome: The proposed model reduces rollout overhead while maintaining the performance.
VIVA+: Human-Centered Situational Decision-Making (2025.findings-emnlp)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) show promising results in complex, human-centered environments, yet evaluating their capacity for nuanced, humanlike reasoning and decision-making remains challenging.
Approach: They introduce VIVA+, a cognitively grounded benchmark for evaluating the reasoning and decision-making of MLLMs in human-centered situations.
Outcome: The VIVA+ model is based on 1,317 real-world situations paired with 6,373 multiple-choice questions . it consists of three core abilities for decision-making: (1) Foundational Situation Comprehension, (2) Context-Driven Action Justification, and (3) Reflective Reasoning.
Reasoning in a Combinatorial and Constrained World: Benchmarking LLMs on Natural-Language Combinatorial Optimization (2026.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: NLCO evaluates large language models for combinatorial optimization (CO) . existing evaluations emphasize relatively simple reasoning competencies .
Approach: They propose a combinatorial optimization benchmark that evaluates large language models on CO reasoning.
Outcome: The proposed model can handle combinatorial optimization without writing code or calling external solvers.
Context Reasoner: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability for Contextualized Privacy and Safety Compliance via Reinforcement Learning (2025.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Current mitigation strategies fail to preserve contextual reasoning capabilities in risky scenarios, leading to systemic risks for legal compliance.
Approach: They propose to use reinforcement learning with a rule-based reward to incentivize contextual reasoning capabilities while enhancing compliance with safety and privacy norms.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct model in safety and privacy benchmarks and achieves +8.58% accuracy improvement.
DeepSynth-Eval: Objectively Evaluating Information Consolidation in Deep Survey Writing (2026.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) are evolving towards autonomous agents . retrieval capabilities are well-benchmarked, but post-retrieval synthesis is under-evaluated due to open-ended writing.
Approach: They propose a benchmark to evaluate information consolidation capabilities using survey papers as gold standards.
Outcome: The proposed benchmark analyzes the post-retrieval synthesis stage of large language models . it leverages high-quality survey papers as gold standards and reverse-engineers research requests . the proposed benchmark outperforms single-turn generation and reduces hallucinations .
R2D2: Recursive Transformer based on Differentiable Tree for Interpretable Hierarchical Language Modeling (2021.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing models with stacked layers do not explicitly model hierarchical structure of language understanding.
Approach: They propose a recursive Transformer model based on differentiable CKY style binary trees to emulate hierarchical composition process.
Outcome: The proposed model can predict words given their left and right abstraction nodes.
AdapterDistillation: Non-Destructive Task Composition with Knowledge Distillation (2023.emnlp-industry)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent work on learning from multiple tasks has shown that adding an extra fusion layer to implement knowledge composition is non-scalable for some applications.
Approach: They propose a two-stage knowledge distillation algorithm to extract task specific knowledge by using local data to train a student adapter.
Outcome: Experiments on frequently asked question retrieval in task-oriented dialog systems validate the efficiency of AdapterDistillation.
MTP-RL: Acceleration of Reinforcement Learning Rollouts with Policy-Aligned Multi-Token Prediction (2026.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Reinforcement learning (RL) is widely applied to boost the performance of pretrained models, yet its training efficiency is severely constrained by rollout generation.
Approach: They propose a framework that accelerates the rollout phase for diverse models by equipping a pipeline to equip the multi-layer parameter-sharing MTP for all models and an advantage-aware MTP optimization strategy.
Outcome: The proposed framework achieves stable growth of acceptance length during RL training, and also accelerates RL rollouts, achieving an average 23.1%–55.3% reduction in rollout time compared to baselines.
MMAC: A Multilingual, Multimodal Alignment Framework for Cultural Grounding Evaluation (2026.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing models lack cultural alignment across modalities and languages . a new framework to assess cultural awareness across linguistics and languages is needed .
Approach: They propose a framework that integrates tri-modally aligned cultural benchmarks and a five-dimensional evaluation protocol to assess cross-country awareness disparities.
Outcome: The proposed framework assesses cultural awareness disparities across modalities and languages . it is the first dataset aligned at the input level across text, image, and speech .
Bi-directional CognitiveThinking Network for Machine Reading Comprehension (2020.coling-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing methods for reading comprehension are still in their infancy at the level of cognitive intelligence.
Approach: They propose a bi-directional cognitive knowledge framework to simulate reverse thinking and inertial thinking in the brain to answer questions.
Outcome: The proposed framework shows that bi-directional knowledge helps the QA task.
LLM Agents for Education: Advances and Applications (2025.findings-emnlp)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Large Language Model (LLM) agents are transforming education by automating complex tasks and enhancing both teaching and learning processes.
Approach: This survey analyzes recent advances in applying Large Language Model agents to educational settings . it highlights ethical issues, hallucination and overreliance, and integration with existing ecosystems .
Outcome: The authors analyze the technologies enabling LLM agents and highlight key challenges in deploying them in educational settings.
ChatSOP: An SOP-Guided MCTS Planning Framework for Controllable LLM Dialogue Agents (2025.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing models that use Large Language Models (LLMs) show superior performance in various tasks, but lack of controllability leads to unfocused conversations or task failure.
Approach: They propose a standard operating procedure (SOP) framework to regulate dialogue flow by integrating Chain of Thought reasoning and supervised fine-tuning for SOP prediction.
Outcome: The proposed method achieves a 27.95% improvement in action accuracy compared to baseline models based on GPT-3.5 and also shows notable gains for open-source models.
Debate-to-Write: A Persona-Driven Multi-Agent Framework for Diverse Argument Generation (2025.coling-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Writing arguments requires integrating high-level beliefs from various perspectives . current language models generate outputs autoregressively, resulting in limited diversity and coherence .
Approach: They propose a persona-based multi-agent framework for argument writing that integrates beliefs from different perspectives into a coherent narrative.
Outcome: The proposed framework generates more diverse arguments by both automatic and human evaluations.
VLSBench: Unveiling Visual Leakage in Multimodal Safety (2025.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing studies show that textual unlearning does not achieve comparable safety performance with image-text alignment.
Approach: They propose to use textual unlearning to align MLLMs with image-text pairs to explain this problem . they construct a visual leakless safety bench with 2.2k image- text pairs to test this problem.
Outcome: The proposed model can refuse image-text pairs according to textual queries, leading to unreliable safety evaluations.
Efficient Cross-modal Prompt Learning with Semantic Enhancement for Domain-robust Fake News Detection (2025.coling-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing MFND methods conduct cross-modal information interaction at later stage, resulting in weak generalization ability.
Approach: They propose an automatic multi-modal fake news detection method that exploits cross-modal information interaction at later stage.
Outcome: The proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods on three MFND benchmarks.
VIVA: A Benchmark for Vision-Grounded Decision-Making with Human Values (2024.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent large vision language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable intelligence and proficiency across diverse tasks.
Approach: They propose a benchmark for VIsion-grounded decision-making driven by human VA.
Outcome: The proposed model can make decisions under a vision-depicted situation using human values and human values.
MoE Adapter for Large Audio Language Models: Sparsity, Disentanglement, and Gradient-Conflict-Free (2026.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing research on Large Language Models (LLMs) limited to textual input modality . acoustic information is intrinsically heterogeneous, entangling attributes such as speech, music, and environmental context.
Approach: They propose a sparse Mixture-of-Experts architecture to decouple acoustic information by routing audio tokens to specialized experts.
Outcome: The proposed architecture outperforms existing models on audio semantic and paralinguistic tasks while retaining shared experts for global context.
A Generation-based Deductive Method for Math Word Problems (2023.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing generation methods suffer from repeated sub-expression generation and deductive methods are restricted to dealing with binary operations.
Approach: They propose a multivariate directed acyclic graph (mDAG) which generates the topological ordering of mDAg by equipping a generation model with a re-encoder to keep the deductive property but avoid the expensive enumeration of deductive methods.
Outcome: The proposed model performs well on the widely used benchmarks and solves multivariate operators on the CMWPA benchmark.
GrandGuard: Taxonomy, Benchmark, and Safeguards for Elderly-Chatbot Interaction Safety (2026.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: a survey of older adults shows that many LLMs mishandle elderly-specific contextual risks.
Approach: They propose a framework to assess elderly-specific contextual risks in LLM interactions . they use a taxonomy to identify 50 fine-grained risk types across mental well-being, financial, medical, toxicity, and privacy domains .
Outcome: a new framework assesses elderly-specific contextual risks in LLM interactions . it achieves 96.2% and 90.9% unsafe-prompt detection accuracy, respectively .
Improving Knowledge Production Efficiency With Question Answering on Conversation (2023.acl-industry)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing researches on conversation-based QA focus on document-based tasks . current researche focuses on document based tasks, but there is a lack of researche on conversation based qa .
Approach: They propose a multi-span extraction model on conversation-based QA and introduce continual pre-training and multi-task learning schemes to further improve model performance.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms baseline on two Chinese datasets and will be released for research purposes.
LLMs Deceive Unintentionally: Emergent Misalignment in Dishonesty from Misaligned Samples to Biased Human-AI Interactions (2026.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing studies have shown that LLMs finetuned on incorrect completions can exhibit harmful behaviors, which is called emergent misalignment.
Approach: They investigate whether LLMs finetuned on incorrect completions can exhibit harmful behaviors . they find that 1% of misalignment data is sufficient to decrease honest behavior .
Outcome: The proposed model can be misaligned on errors within narrow domains to exhibit harmful behaviors . the proposed model is able to exhibit dishonest behavior with only 10% biased user population .
Optimizing Native Sparse Attention with Latent Attention and Local Global Alternating Strategies (2026.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing research has proposed a variety of training-free and post-training methods for selecting critical key-value pairs at each generation step.
Approach: They propose to use local (sliding-window) and global (compression/selective) attention across layers to enlarge long-context modeling.
Outcome: Experiments on models from 340M to 1.3B parameters show that the proposed method matches or exceeds full attention and native sparse attention in both common-sense reasoning and long-context understanding tasks.
MCIP: Protecting MCP Safety via Model Contextual Integrity Protocol (2025.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Model Context Protocol (MCP) introduces an easy-to-use ecosystem for users and developers, but it also brings underexplored safety risks.
Approach: They propose a framework that addresses the missing safety mechanisms in MCP and a taxonomy that captures diverse range of unsafe behaviors observed in MMP scenarios.
Outcome: The proposed framework improves safety performance on state-of-the-art LLMs by capturing unsafe behaviors and analyzing the results.
HVGuard: Utilizing Multimodal Large Language Models for Hateful Video Detection (2025.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing methods for hateful video detection rely on unimodal analysis or feature fusion . Existing tools struggle to capture cross-modal interactions and reason through implicit hate in sarcasm and metaphor .
Approach: They propose a reasoning-based hateful video detection framework with multimodal large language models . they integrate Chain-of-Thought reasoning to enhance multimodal interaction modeling .
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms existing tools on two public datasets covering English and Chinese.
Explicit and Implicit Data Augmentation for Social Event Detection (2025.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Social event detection relies on labeled data, but annotation is costly and labor-intensive.
Approach: They propose a plug-and-play dual augmentation framework that combines explicit text-based and implicit feature-space augmentation to enhance data diversity and model robustness.
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms the best baseline model by 17.67% on the Twitter2012 dataset and 15.57% on the twitter2018 dataset in terms of the average F1 score.
DAMON: A Dialogue-Aware MCTS Framework for Jailbreaking Large Language Models (2025.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing methods for multi-turn attacks mainly utilize a predefined dialogue pattern, limiting their effectiveness in realistic situations.
Approach: They propose a multi-turn jailbreak attack method that leverages Monte Carlo Tree Search to explore multi-turned conversational spaces and identifies sub-instruction sequences that induce harmful responses.
Outcome: The proposed method can induce undesired behaviors across five LLMs and three datasets.
ContextLens: Modeling Imperfect Privacy and Safety Context for Legal Compliance (2026.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing approaches to contextualize safety and privacy assessments assume the availability of complete and clear context, whereas real-world contexts tend to be ambiguous and incomplete.
Approach: They propose a semi-rule-based framework that leverages large language models to ground the input context in the legal domain and explicitly identify both known and unknown factors for legal compliance.
Outcome: The proposed framework can significantly improve existing baselines without training and can identify the ambiguous and missing factors.
GUI Agents: A Survey (2025.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Large Foundation Models (LFMs) have transformed the landscape of AI research and day-to-day life.
Approach: They propose a framework that delineates GUI agents' perception, reasoning, planning, and acting capabilities.
Outcome: The proposed framework delineates their perception, reasoning, planning, and acting capabilities.
OmniCompliance-100K: A Multi-Domain, Rule-Grounded, Real-World Safety Compliance Dataset (2026.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing LLM safety datasets rely on ad-hoc taxonomies and lack rule-grounded, real-world cases.
Approach: They construct a rule-grounded, real-world case dataset OmniCompliance-100K from a compliance perspective using a powerful web-searching agent.
Outcome: The proposed dataset spans 74 regulations and policies across a wide range of domains including security and privacy regulations, content safety and user data privacy policies, financial security requirements, medical device risk management standards, educational integrity guidelines, and protections of fundamental human rights.
KnowLA: Enhancing Parameter-efficient Finetuning with Knowledgeable Adaptation (2024.naacl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing methods for parameter-efficient finetuning (PEFT) are limited and only finetune a small number of parameters using limited instruction data.
Approach: They propose a method that inserts an adaptation layer into an LLM to integrate embeddings of entities appearing in the input text.
Outcome: The proposed method can activate parameterized knowledge in an LLM without changing its parameters or input prompts.
Sentiment Interpretable Logic Tensor Network for Aspect-Term Sentiment Analysis (2022.coling-1)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Aspect-term sentiment analysis (ATSA) is a fine-grained task that aims to infer the sentiment towards the given aspect-terms.
Approach: They propose a novel ATSA method that is interpretable and has high accuracy . they propose SILTN, which is a neurosymbolic formalism, to improve the accuracy based on syntax knowledge distillation.
Outcome: The proposed method is interpretable because it is a neurosymbolic formalism and a computational model that supports learning and reasoning about data with a differentiable first-order logic language.
SAM Decoding: Speculative Decoding via Suffix Automaton (2025.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Speculative decoding (SD) methods are inefficient and rely on single retrieval resources.
Approach: They propose a retrieval-based speculative decoding method that adapts the suffix automaton for efficient draft generation by utilizing the generating text sequence and static text corpus.
Outcome: The proposed method can find the longest suffix match and can be integrated with existing methods to generalize to broader domains.
MMCode: Benchmarking Multimodal Large Language Models for Code Generation with Visually Rich Programming Problems (2024.findings-emnlp)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Programming often involves translating detailed and complex specifications into code . current state-of-the-art models struggle to solve these problems, a new study shows .
Approach: They propose a multi-modal coding dataset to evaluate algorithmic problem-solving skills in visually rich contexts.
Outcome: The proposed model lacks powerful vision-code models due to the extreme demand for reasoning abilities.
SALAD-Bench: A Hierarchical and Comprehensive Safety Benchmark for Large Language Models (2024.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: SALAD-Bench is a safety benchmark specifically designed for LLMs . it provides a robust source for evaluating both attack and defense algorithms .
Approach: They propose a hierarchical safety benchmark specifically designed for LLMs . it uses a taxonomy of questions spanning three levels and a robust taxonomies based on a QA pair .
Outcome: The proposed safety benchmark shows that LLMs are resilient against emerging threats and the effectiveness of contemporary defense methods.
STARE at the Structure: Steering ICL Exemplar Selection with Structural Alignment (2025.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing methods for incontext learning often overlook structural alignment, leading to poor generalization and suboptimal performance.
Approach: They propose a two-stage exemplar selection strategy that achieves a strong balance between efficiency, generalizability and performance.
Outcome: The proposed method outperforms baselines on semantic parsing tasks on four benchmarks.
Transferable Direct Prompt Injection via Activation-Guided MCMC Sampling (2025.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Experimental results show superior cross-model transferability . Prompt injection attacks are among the most critical threats .
Approach: They propose an activations-guided prompt injection attack framework to address the impracticality of existing white-box/gray-box methods and the poor transferability of black-box approaches.
Outcome: The proposed framework achieves 49.6% success rate and 34.6% improvement over human-crafted prompts on five mainstream LLMs.
PrivaCI-Bench: Evaluating Privacy with Contextual Integrity and Legal Compliance (2025.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent advances in generative large language models (LLMs) have enabled wider applicability, accessibility, and flexibility.
Approach: They propose a contextual privacy evaluation benchmark that covers the entire relevant social context through private information flows.
Outcome: The proposed benchmarks cover legal compliance, real court cases, privacy policies, and synthetic data.
P2 Law: Scaling Law for Post-Training After Model Pruning (2025.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Pruning has become a widely adopted technique for reducing the hardware requirements of large language models (LLMs).
Approach: They propose to use model pruning techniques to maintain high performance while reducing hardware requirements for large language models (LLMs).
Outcome: The proposed model pruning law can be generalized to larger dataset sizes, larger model sizes, and higher pruning rates, offering valuable insights for resource allocation in pruned LLMs.

What is GenGO?

GenGO is an NLP powered publication search system. It currenctly indexes 30k+ papers from ACL Anthology, and implements multi-aspect summarization, semantic search, and more!

Information

About
Limitations