Challenge: In-context machine translation (MT) with large language models can take advantage of linguistic resources such as grammar books and dictionaries.
Approach: They propose to use in-context machine translation (MT) with large language models to take advantage of linguistic resources such as grammar books and dictionaries.
Outcome: The proposed approach can take advantage of dictionaries and grammar books, but its performance is poor for many lowresource languages.

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Challenge: generative large language models (LLMs) can perform in-context learning . machine translation (MT) has been shown to benefit from in-constitu examples .
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Challenge: Existing studies have shown that in-context examples for machine translation are beneficial for high-resource languages.
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Machine Translation for Low-Resource Languages through Monolingual Data and LLM: A Case Study of English-to-Basque (2026.eacl-srw)

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Challenge: a recent study has shown that LLM-generated synthetic data can improve low-resource machine translation performance . traditional data augmentation techniques like back-translation preserve the human-written target and synthesize the other .
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Effective Self-Mining of In-Context Examples for Unsupervised Machine Translation with LLMs (2025.findings-naacl)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on a wide range of natural language processing tasks.
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Challenge: Large language models have demonstrated considerable success in various natural language processing tasks, but their performance in NMT tasks is still underexplored.
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Challenge: Current large language models require massive amounts of parallel sentences to perform machine translations for high resource languages.
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Can Large Language Models Translate Unseen Languages in Underrepresented Scripts? (2025.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in machine translation, but struggle with unseen low-resource languages.
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