Papers by Liang Qiu
Convolutional Interaction Network for Natural Language Inference (D18-1)
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| Challenge: | Attention-based neural models have achieved great success in natural language inference (NLI). |
| Approach: | They propose a general model to capture the interaction between two sentences, which can be an alternative to the attention mechanism for NLI. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model can capture complex interactions on three large datasets. |
Aligning Large Language Models via Fine-grained Supervision (2024.acl-short)
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| Challenge: | Pre-trained large-scale language models often generate biased or toxic text, misaligning with human intentions. |
| Approach: | They propose to use human feedback to improve LLM alignment by fine-grained token supervision . they ask annotators to edit less preferred responses to make them more favorable . |
| Outcome: | The proposed method improves LLM alignment by up to 5.1% in terms of win rate compared with the traditional model. |
SocAoG: Incremental Graph Parsing for Social Relation Inference in Dialogues (2021.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing studies focus on identifying entities' relations from the semantics of dialogues-they utilize either the attention mechanism or a refined token graph to locate informative words. |
| Approach: | They propose a sequential structure prediction task to incrementally parse SocAoG for dynamic inference upon any incoming utterance. |
| Outcome: | Empirical results show that the proposed model infers social relations more accurately than the state-of-the-art methods. |
A Multi-Agent Framework with Automated Decision Rule Optimization for Cross-Domain Misinformation Detection (2025.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods for misinformation detection are limited by domain knowledge and expert experience. |
| Approach: | They propose a Multi-Agent Framework for cross-domain misinformation detection with Automated Decision Rule Optimization (MARO) they first employ multiple expert agents to analyze target-domain news, then introduce a question-reflection mechanism that guides expert agents for higher-quality analysis. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework improves on a common dataset and shows that iteratively improves over existing methods. |
SAGE : A Top-Down Bottom-Up Knowledge-Grounded User Simulator for Multi-turn Agent Evaluation (2026.findings-eacl)
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| Challenge: | Existing evaluation methods rely on static benchmarks or narrow task-specific datasets that fail to capture the open-ended nature of real-world interactions. |
| Approach: | They propose a user Simulation framework for multi-turn AGent Evaluation that integrates top-down knowledge from business contexts and bottom-up knowledge from agent infrastructure. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework produces interactions that are more realistic and diverse while identifying up to 33% more agent errors. |
Can Language Models Follow Multiple Turns of Entangled Instructions? (2025.findings-emnlp)
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Chi Han, Xin Liu, Haodong Wang, Shiyang Li, Jingfeng Yang, Haoming Jiang, Zhengyang Wang, Qingyu Yin, Liang Qiu, Changlong Yu, Yifan Gao, Zheng Li, Bing Yin, Jingbo Shang, Heng Ji
| Challenge: | Despite of significant achievements in improving instruction-following capabilities of large language models, the ability to process multiple potentially entangled or conflicting instructions remains a considerable challenge. |
| Approach: | They construct multi-turn instruction with 1.1K high-quality multi-turned conversations using the human-in-the-loop approach and examine their capabilities. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model shows that it is difficult to integrate multiple turns and balance competing objectives when instructions intersect or conflict. |
Inter-GPS: Interpretable Geometry Problem Solving with Formal Language and Symbolic Reasoning (2021.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods for solving geometric problems are either small in scale or not publicly available. |
| Approach: | They propose a large-scale benchmark for geometric problem solving using formal language and symbolic reasoning. |
| Outcome: | The proposed approach parses geometry problems into formal language and performs symbolic reasoning step by step. |
Structured Attention for Unsupervised Dialogue Structure Induction (2020.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Using structured attention, a model can learn dialogue structure in unsupervised fashion. |
| Approach: | They propose to incorporate structured attention layers into a Variational Recurrent Neural Network model with discrete latent states to learn dialogue structure in an unsupervised fashion. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model learns semantic structures similar to templates used to generate a dialogue corpus on two-party datasets and on multi-party dialogues, disentangling dialogues without human annotation. |
DeepPlanner: Scaling Planning Capability for Deep Research Agents via Advantage Shaping (2026.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Existing approaches to planning involve implicit planning or introduce explicit planners without systematically optimizing the planning stage. |
| Approach: | They propose an end-to-end RL framework that enhances the planning capabilities of deep research agents. |
| Outcome: | Experiments show that DeepPlanner improves planning quality and achieves state-of-the-art results under a lower training budget. |
WebAgent-R1: Training Web Agents via End-to-End Multi-Turn Reinforcement Learning (2025.emnlp-main)
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Zhepei Wei, Wenlin Yao, Yao Liu, Weizhi Zhang, Qin Lu, Liang Qiu, Changlong Yu, Puyang Xu, Chao Zhang, Bing Yin, Hyokun Yun, Lihong Li
| Challenge: | Existing work on reinforcement learning has focused on single-turn tasks such as solving math problems. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that learns directly from online interactions by asynchronously generating diverse trajectories, guided by binary rewards depending on task success. |
| Outcome: | Experiments on the WebArena-Lite benchmark show that the framework outperforms state-of-the-art methods and strong proprietary models. |
DORM: Preference Data Weights Optimization for Reward Modeling in LLM Alignment (2025.findings-emnlp)
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Rongzhi Zhang, Chenwei Zhang, Xinyang Zhang, Liang Qiu, Haoming Jiang, Yuchen Zhuang, Qingru Zhang, Hyokun Yun, Xian Li, Bing Yin, Tuo Zhao, Chao Zhang
| Challenge: | Existing approaches to align large language models with human preferences are noisy and varying in importance of preference samples. |
| Approach: | a new method enhances reward modeling by learning to dynamically weigh preference data. |
| Outcome: | a new method improves the performance of large language models with human preferences . it initializes data importance and iteratively refines them to maximize validation performance. |
VisuoThink: Empowering LVLM Reasoning with Multimodal Tree Search (2025.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing approaches to large vision-language models fail to capture interleaved nature of human visual-verbal reasoning processes. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that integrates visuospatial and linguistic domains to facilitate multimodal slow thinking by enabling progressive visual-textual reasoning. |
| Outcome: | Experiments show that VisuoThink significantly improves reasoning capabilities even without fine-tuning. |
Pre-training with Meta Learning for Chinese Word Segmentation (2021.naacl-main)
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| Challenge: | Recent studies show that pre-trained models are beneficial to Chinese Word Segmentation (CWS). However, these models lack task-specific prior segmentation knowledge. |
| Approach: | They propose a pre-trained Chinese word segmentation model MetaSeg which incorporates meta learning into a multi-criteria pre-training task. |
| Outcome: | Empirical results show that MetaSeg can achieve new state-of-the-art performance on twelve widely-used CWS datasets and significantly improve model performance in low-resource settings. |
A Survey of Deep Learning for Mathematical Reasoning (2023.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | a survey of deep learning for mathematical reasoning examines the field . a comprehensive reading list is provided to assist readers interested in the field. |
| Approach: | They present a survey of deep learning for mathematical reasoning over the past decade . they outline directions for future research and highlight potential for further exploration . |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework is based on the results of a decade-long survey of deep learning for mathematical reasoning. |
Style Transformer: Unpaired Text Style Transfer without Disentangled Latent Representation (P19-1)
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| Challenge: | Disentangling the content and style in the latent space is prevalent in text style transfer . recurrent neural networks (RNN) based encoder and decoder cannot deal with the long-term dependency . |
| Approach: | They propose a style transformer which disentangles style information in latent space . they propose encoding and decoding methods that disentangle style information . |
| Outcome: | The proposed method can achieve better style transfer and better content preservation. |
FocalOrder: Focal Preference Optimization for Reading Order Detection (2026.acl-long)
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Fuyuan Liu, Dianyu Yu, He Ren, Nayu Liu, Xiaomian Kang, Delai Qiu, Fa Zhang, Genpeng Zhen, Shengping Liu, Liang Jiaen, null Weihuang, Yining Wang, Junnan Zhu
| Challenge: | Existing methods for document comprehension rely on uniform supervision, resulting in a performance degradation in the intermediate sections. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework driven by Focal Preference Optimization to detect reading order in document layouts. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms competing baselines and surpasses large-scale general VLMs. |
BOOKWORLD: From Novels to Interactive Agent Societies for Story Creation (2025.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled social simulation through multi-agent systems. |
| Approach: | They propose a system for constructing and simulating book-based multi-agent societies that simulates established fictional worlds and characters. |
| Outcome: | The proposed system generates high-quality stories while maintaining fidelity to the source books, surpassing previous methods with a win rate of 75.36%. |
CritiQ: Mining Data Quality Criteria from Human Preferences (2025.acl-long)
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Honglin Guo, Kai Lv, Qipeng Guo, Tianyi Liang, Zhiheng Xi, Demin Song, Qiuyinzhe Zhang, Yu Sun, Kai Chen, Xipeng Qiu, Tao Gui
| Challenge: | Existing methods to train language models rely on manual design, perplexity, or careful prompt engineering. |
| Approach: | They propose a method that automatically mines criteria from human preferences for data quality with only 30 human-annotated pairs and performs efficient data selection. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method improves on human-annotated test sets and shows high accuracy on code, math, and logic domains. |
GuiLoMo: Allocating Experts and Ranks for LoRA-MoE via Bilevel Optimization with GuidedSelection Vectors (2025.findings-emnlp)
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Xinrong Chen, Hengyuan Zhang, Yingmin Qiu, Xiao Liang, Ziyue Li, Guanyu Wang, Weiping Li, Tong Mo, Hayden Kwok-Hay So, Ngai Wong
| Challenge: | Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) methods are efficient for a large language model with reduced computational costs. |
| Approach: | They propose a layer-wise expert numbers and ranks allocation strategy with GuidedSelection Vectors. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method achieves superior or comparable performance to all baselines on three backbone models. |
Error Analysis Prompting Enables Human-Like Translation Evaluation in Large Language Models (2024.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Recent research shows that large language models (LLMs) perform poorly at segment level. |
| Approach: | They propose a new prompting method that emulates the commonly accepted human evaluation framework . they will release their code and scripts to facilitate the community . |
| Outcome: | The proposed method is based on the human evaluation framework MQM and produces explainable and reliable MT evaluations at both the system and segment level. |
CliMedBench: A Large-Scale Chinese Benchmark for Evaluating Medical Large Language Models in Clinical Scenarios (2024.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Chinese medical large language models (LLMs) are underperforming on this benchmark, especially where medical reasoning and factual consistency are vital. |
| Approach: | They propose a benchmark with 14 expert-guided clinical scenarios to assess the medical ability of large language models across 7 pivot dimensions. |
| Outcome: | The proposed benchmark has been validated in several ways. |