Challenge: despite the rapid development of Large Language Models, there is no dedicated benchmark for evaluating LLMs in Chinese K-12 education.
Approach: They propose to develop a benchmark specifically tailored for Chinese K-12 education.
Outcome: EVAL is the first evaluation benchmark specifically tailored for Chinese K-12 education.

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Challenge: AC-EVAL is a benchmark designed to assess the advanced knowledge and reasoning capabilities of LLMs within the context of ancient Chinese.
Approach: They propose a benchmark to assess the advanced knowledge and reasoning capabilities of LLMs in ancient Chinese.
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Can Large Language Models Be Good Language Teachers? (2025.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across diverse domains, but their potential as effective language teachers remains inadequately assessed.
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Chinese SimpleQA: A Chinese Factuality Evaluation for Large Language Models (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: Current frontier models sometimes generate false outputs or answers that are not substantiated by evidence.
Approach: They propose Chinese SimpleQA, a Chinese benchmark to evaluate LLMs' factuality . they focus on Chinese language over 6 major topics with 99 diverse subtopics .
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CMMLU: Measuring massive multitask language understanding in Chinese (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing large language models struggle to achieve an accuracy of even 60%, which is the pass mark for Chinese exams.
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LHMKE: A Large-scale Holistic Multi-subject Knowledge Evaluation Benchmark for Chinese Large Language Models (2024.lrec-main)

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Challenge: Existing benchmarks for comprehensively evaluating Chinese Large Language Models are insufficient.
Approach: They propose a Large-scale, Holistic, and Multi-subject Knowledge Evaluation benchmark to evaluate Chinese Large Language Models.
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ZhuJiu: A Multi-dimensional, Multi-faceted Chinese Benchmark for Large Language Models (2023.emnlp-demo)

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Challenge: Various types of LLMs have recently been rapidly developing, such as Llama2 and ChatGLM2 .
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MiLiC-Eval: Benchmarking Multilingual LLMs for China’s Minority Languages (2025.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Large language models excel in high-resource languages but struggle with low-resourced languages . minority languages such as Tibetan, Uyghur, Kazakh, and Mongolian are marginalized in NLP research due to limited digital representation and the scarcity of training data.
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EpiK-Eval: Evaluation for Language Models as Epistemic Models (2023.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Developing systems that can reason through language understanding has been a cornerstone in natural language processing research.
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EduBench: A Comprehensive Benchmarking Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Diverse Educational Scenarios (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing benchmarks that focus on knowledge-intensive tasks do not reflect diverse educational scenarios.
Approach: They propose a benchmark that incorporates 9 major scenarios and 4,000 educational contexts.
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F-Eval: Asssessing Fundamental Abilities with Refined Evaluation Methods (2024.acl-long)

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Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) have been evaluated for their instruction-following capabilities but lack references to their fundamental abilities.
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