Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) have been evaluated for their instruction-following capabilities but lack references to their fundamental abilities.
Approach: They propose a bilingual evaluation benchmark to evaluate the fundamental abilities of large language models including expression, commonsense and logic.
Outcome: The proposed evaluation methods show higher correlation coefficients and larger distinction than other evaluators.

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Challenge: Existing LLMs suffer from biases and misalignment due to limited functional understanding and knowledge gaps.
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Challenge: Large language models are increasingly used as evaluators for natural language generation . human rubrics are often static and misaligned with how models internally represent language quality.
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T-Eval: Evaluating the Tool Utilization Capability of Large Language Models Step by Step (2024.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing studies evaluate the tool utilization ability of large language models based on the final output or only consider the single-step tool calling.
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Are Large Language Model-based Evaluators the Solution to Scaling Up Multilingual Evaluation? (2024.findings-eacl)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in various tasks, but their evaluation, especially in languages beyond the top 20, remains inadequate due to existing benchmarks and metrics limitations.
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Challenge: General-purpose Language Models have changed the world of Natural Language Processing, if not the world itself.
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Fundamental Capabilities of Large Language Models and their Applications in Domain Scenarios: A Survey (2024.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing benchmark-based evaluations cannot accurately reflect the performance of real-world applications.
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E-EVAL: A Comprehensive Chinese K-12 Education Evaluation Benchmark for Large Language Models (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: despite the rapid development of Large Language Models, there is no dedicated benchmark for evaluating LLMs in Chinese K-12 education.
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LC-Eval: A Bilingual Multi-Task Evaluation Benchmark for Long-Context Understanding (2025.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing work uses large language models (LLMs) to evaluate natural language process tasks, but there are shortcomings in current LLMs.
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Leveraging Large Language Models for NLG Evaluation: Advances and Challenges (2024.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: introducing Large Language Models (LLMs) has opened new avenues for assessing generated content quality, e.g., coherence, creativity, and context relevance.
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