Challenge: Existing methods to translate spoken utterances from one language to another are unable to preserve speaker timbre of source speech.
Approach: They propose a pipeline with style-transfer capability on the basis of self-supervised speech representations and codec units.
Outcome: The proposed model achieves zero-shot cross-lingual style transfer on previously unseen source languages.

Similar Papers

Direct Speech-to-Speech Translation With Discrete Units (2022.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing direct speech-to-speech translation models rely on text generation as an intermediate step.
Approach: They propose a direct speech-to-speech translation model that translates speech from one language to another without relying on intermediate text generation.
Outcome: The proposed model produces 6.7 BLEUs in the Fisher Spanish-English dataset when trained without any text transcripts and with text supervision.
Textless Speech-to-Speech Translation on Real Data (2022.naacl-main)

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Challenge: Existing text-based speech-to-speech translation systems rely on cascaded approach . text-to text translation systems require text generation and a single input to generate output .
Approach: They propose a textless speech-to-speech translation system that can translate speech from one language into another without the need of text data.
Outcome: The proposed system can translate speech from one language into another without text data.
Dub-S2ST: Textless Speech-to-Speech Translation for Seamless Dubbing (2025.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing speech translation approaches often overlook the transfer of speech patterns, leading to mismatches with source speech and limiting their suitability for dubbing applications.
Approach: They propose a diffusion-based speech-to-unit translation model with explicit duration control that enables time-aligned translation.
Outcome: The proposed system preserves key characteristics such as duration, speaker identity, and speaking speed while maintaining key characteristics.
Speech-to-Speech Translation for a Real-world Unwritten Language (2023.findings-acl)

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Challenge: a new study examines speech-to-speech translation (S2ST) that translates speech from one language into another . the research area for unwritten languages remains a research area with little exploration due to the lack of training data.
Approach: They propose a system that translates speech from one language into another . they use Taiwanese Hokkien as an example of an unwritten language .
Outcome: The proposed system can be used to train models in languages without standard writing systems.
Can We Achieve High-quality Direct Speech-to-Speech Translation without Parallel Speech Data? (2024.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing two-pass direct speech-to-speech translation models require parallel speech data to train, which is challenging to collect.
Approach: They propose a two-pass direct speech-to-speech translation (S2ST) model that decomposes the task into speech- to-text translation (s2TT) and text-tospech (TTS) they propose 'composer' S2ST model that integrates pretrained S2TT and TTS models into a direct S2 ST model.
Outcome: The proposed model integrates pretrained S2TT and TTS models into a direct S2ST model without parallel speech data.
UnitY: Two-pass Direct Speech-to-speech Translation with Discrete Units (2023.acl-long)

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Challenge: Experimental evaluations show that UnitY outperforms a single-pass speech-to-unit translation model by 2.5-4.2 ASR-BLEU with 2.83x decoding speed-up.
Approach: They propose a two-pass direct S2ST architecture which generates textual representations and predicts discrete acoustic units . they show that UnitY outperforms a single-pass speech-to-unit translation model by 2.5-4.2 ASR-BLEU with 2.83x decoding speed-up.
Outcome: The proposed architecture outperforms a single-pass speech-to-unit translation model by 2.5-4.2 ASR-BLEU with 2.83x decoding speed-up on large datasets.
Leveraging Unit Language Guidance to Advance Speech Modeling in Textless Speech-to-Speech Translation (2025.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing textless speech-to-speech translation models have two main challenges: 1) learning cross-modal features and 2) learning alignment of difference languages in long sequences.
Approach: They propose a unit language to overcome two main modeling challenges . they propose task prompt modeling to utilize the unit language in guiding the modeling process.
Outcome: The proposed language improves over a strong baseline and achieves comparable performance to models trained with text.
Textless Speech-to-Speech Translation With Limited Parallel Data (2024.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing speech-to-speech translation models either leverage text as an intermediate step or require hundreds of hours of parallel speech data.
Approach: They propose a framework for training textless S2ST models that require dozens of hours of parallel speech data.
Outcome: The proposed model achieves reasonable performance on three domains with single-speaker synthesized speech.
Speaking Style Conversion in the Waveform Domain Using Discrete Self-Supervised Units (2023.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: DISSC is a lightweight voice conversion method that converts the rhythm, pitch contour and timbre of a recording to a target speaker in a textless manner.
Approach: They propose a method that converts rhythm, pitch contour and timbre of a recording to a target speaker in a textless manner.
Outcome: The proposed method outperforms baseline methods on quantitative and qualitative evaluations.
AV-TranSpeech: Audio-Visual Robust Speech-to-Speech Translation (2023.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing models for speech-to-speech translation suffer from distinct degradation in noisy environments and fail to translate visual speech.
Approach: They propose a text-based audio-visual speech-to-speech translation model that integrates visual information with audio-only data to improve system robustness.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms models trained on audio-only corpus in two languages . it also improves with low-resource audio-visual data, compared with baselines .

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