Challenge: Rather than passively accepting output, users actively refine, explore, and co-construct text.
Approach: They conduct a large scale analysis of user-LLM collaboration behavior with two popular AI assistants, Bing Copilot and WildChat.
Outcome: The proposed models show that a small group of prototypical human AI collaboration behaviors explain a majority of the variation seen in user-LLM interaction.

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Real or Robotic? Assessing Whether LLMs Accurately Simulate Qualities of Human Responses in Human-LLM Dialogue (2026.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Recent work has sought to use large language models to simulate human-human and human-LLM interactions.
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LLM-Based Human-Agent Collaboration and Interaction Systems: A Survey (2026.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have sparked growing interest in building fully autonomous agents.
Approach: They propose to integrate human-provided information, feedback, or control into the agent system to enhance system performance, reliability, and safety.
Outcome: The proposed systems improve system performance, reliability, and safety by integrating human-provided information, feedback, or control into the agent system.
Human-AI Interaction in the Age of LLMs (2024.naacl-tutorials)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized the capabilities of AI systems.
Approach: This tutorial will provide an overview of the interaction between humans and Large Language Models (LLMs) it will start with a review of the types of AI models we interact with and walkthrough of the core concepts in Human-AI Interaction.
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Shall We Team Up: Exploring Spontaneous Cooperation of Competing LLM Agents (2024.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in social simulations, where they are guided by carefully crafted instructions to exhibit human-like behaviors.
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Human Alignment: How Much Do We Adapt to LLMs? (2025.acl-short)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) are becoming a common part of our lives, yet few studies have examined how they influence our behavior.
Approach: They propose a cooperative language game in which players aim to converge on a word and play a game in a group.
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Catch Me If You Can? Not Yet: LLMs Still Struggle to Imitate the Implicit Writing Styles of Everyday Authors (2025.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Personal style is often subtle and implicit, making it difficult to specify through prompts yet essential for user-aligned generation.
Approach: They evaluate LLMs' ability to imitate personal writing styles via in-context learning from user-authored samples.
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The LLM Effect: Are Humans Truly Using LLMs, or Are They Being Influenced By Them Instead? (2024.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Large language models have shown capabilities close to human performance in various analytical tasks.
Approach: They investigate the efficiency and accuracy of Large Language Models in specialized tasks . they integrate LLMs with expert annotators to observe the impact of LLM suggestions .
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How to Enable Effective Cooperation Between Humans and NLP Models: A Survey of Principles, Formalizations, and Beyond (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: Using large language models, intelligent models have evolved into autonomous agents . this paradigm has yielded remarkable progress in numerous NLP tasks in recent years .
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WildFeedback: Aligning LLMs With In-situ User Interactions And Feedback (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: Traditional alignment methods rely on human annotations and are subjective and misalignment with real-world user preferences.
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Navigating Rifts in Human-LLM Grounding: Study and Benchmark (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: Language models excel at following instructions but struggle with collaborative aspects of conversation that humans naturally employ.
Approach: They analyze logs from WildChat, MultiWOZ, and Bing Chat to examine grounding challenges . they propose a benchmark to determine when LLMs fail to initiate grounding .
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