Challenge: Existing frameworks lack explicit supervision during the reasoning process, which may lead to error propagation across reasoning chains.
Approach: They propose a framework which automates process supervision for large language model agents by automatically generating step-level annotations and developing a process reward model based on these annotations.
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms existing agent-based methods on four datasets and achieves a 6.32% increase in accuracy.

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Challenge: Recent approaches to enhance agent performance focus on outcome rewards, which may lead to errors or suboptimal actions due to the absence of process supervision signals.
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Agentic Reasoning: A Streamlined Framework for Enhancing LLM Reasoning with Agentic Tools (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing reasoning methods excel in structured domains like math and code, but they are not all effective in knowledge-intensive tasks.
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AgentGym: Evaluating and Training Large Language Model-based Agents across Diverse Environments (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) are promising foundations to build generally-capable agents . however, the community lacks a unified interactive framework that covers diverse environments for comprehensive evaluation of agents.
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An Efficient and Precise Training Data Construction Framework for Process-supervised Reward Model in Mathematical Reasoning (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing methods for constructing process supervision training data are costly or suffer from poor quality.
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A Joint Optimization Framework for Enhancing Efficiency of Tool Utilization in LLM Agents (2025.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing efforts for tool utilization involve an LLM agent that contains instructions on using the description of the available tools to determine and call the tools required to solve the problem.
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Agent-FLAN: Designing Data and Methods of Effective Agent Tuning for Large Language Models (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing studies focus on prompt engineering or framework scheduling of one/multiple LLMs.
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LLM2: Let Large Language Models Harness System 2 Reasoning (2025.naacl-short)

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Challenge: Empirical results on mathematical reasoning benchmarks substantiate the efficacy of Large language models (LLMs).
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Challenge: Existing benchmarks are narrow and simply compute overall task success.
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Agent-Pro: Learning to Evolve via Policy-Level Reflection and Optimization (2024.acl-long)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) are designed as specific task solvers with sophisticated prompt engineering, but are inherently incapacitating to address complex dynamic scenarios.
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Ensembling Large Language Models with Process Reward-Guided Tree Search for Better Complex Reasoning (2025.naacl-long)

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Challenge: Existing methods for ensembling language models fail to address complex reasoning tasks.
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