Challenge: Social norms govern culturally appropriate behavior in communication, enabling dialogue systems to produce coherent and socially acceptable outputs.
Approach: They propose a framework for generating and annotating socially grounded dialogues in Chinese, English, and Korean.
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms existing frameworks in refinement quality, dialogue naturalness, and generalization performance.

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NormDial: A Comparable Bilingual Synthetic Dialog Dataset for Modeling Social Norm Adherence and Violation (2023.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Social norms fundamentally shape interpersonal communication.
Approach: They propose a human-in-the-loop pipeline to synthesize a bilingual dyadic dialogue dataset with turn-by-turn annotations of social norms for Chinese and American cultures.
Outcome: The proposed dataset is high-quality through human evaluation and compares with existing models.
RENOVI: A Benchmark Towards Remediating Norm Violations in Socio-Cultural Conversations (2024.findings-naacl)

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Challenge: Norm violations occur when individuals fail to conform to culturally accepted behaviors, which may lead to potential conflicts.
Approach: They propose to use a large corpus of 9,258 multi-turn dialogues annotated with social norms to equip AI systems with a remediation ability.
Outcome: The proposed system can understand and remediate norm violations step by step.
GrounDial: Human-norm Grounded Safe Dialog Response Generation (2024.findings-eacl)

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Challenge: Recent conversational AI systems generate unsafe responses agreeing to offensive user input or including toxic content.
Approach: They propose a method where response safety is achieved by grounding responses to commonsense social rules without fine-tuning.
Outcome: The proposed approach is quantitatively and qualitatively safer even without additional data or tuning.
NORMSAGE: Multi-Lingual Multi-Cultural Norm Discovery from Conversations On-the-Fly (2023.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing methods to understand acceptable behavior have focused on a single culture and manually built datasets from non-conversational settings.
Approach: They propose a framework to automatically extract culture-specific norms from multi-lingual conversations.
Outcome: The proposed framework extracts culture-specific norms from multi-lingual conversations.
LLM-Human Pipeline for Cultural Grounding of Conversations (2025.naacl-long)

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Challenge: addressing parents by name is commonplace in the West, but it is rare in most Asian cultures.
Approach: They propose a Cultural Context Schema for conversations that incorporates conversational information and cultural information such as social norms, violations, etc.
Outcome: The proposed model significantly improves the empirical performance of a Chinese conversational norm and violation description using an interactive human-in-loop framework.
Non-Emotion-Centric Empathetic Dialogue Generation (2025.coling-main)

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Challenge: Empathy is a social psychology theory that enables individuals to comprehend each other's experiences and emotions, thereby fostering more intimate interpersonal relationships.
Approach: They propose a framework for empathetic dialogue generation based on contrastive learning and context-sensitive entity and social commonsense that punishes responses with incorrect emotions and improves the quality of emotions.
Outcome: The proposed framework improves the quality of empathetic generation and generates more diverse responses in comparison with the state-of-the-art baselines.
NormMark: A Weakly Supervised Markov Model for Socio-cultural Norm Discovery (2023.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing methods for norm recognition focus only on surface-level features of dialogues and do not take into account the interactions within a conversation.
Approach: They propose a probabilistic generative Markov model to carry latent features throughout a dialogue and trainable on weakly annotated data using the variational technique.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms current state-of-the-art methods on a weakly annotated dataset, outperforming existing methods, including GPT3.
Detecting Community Sensitive Norm Violations in Online Conversations (2021.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing efforts to identify unacceptable behavior have focused on toxicity as the sole form of community norm violation.
Approach: They propose a dataset that focuses on a more complete spectrum of community norms and their violations in local conversational and global contexts.
Outcome: The proposed model improves the detection of community norm violations in local conversational and global contexts.
Harmonizing Code-mixed Conversations: Personality-assisted Code-mixed Response Generation in Dialogues (2024.findings-eacl)

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Challenge: blending multiple languages within a single conversation presents a formidable challenge, given the wide-ranging variations influenced by individual speaking styles and cultural backgrounds.
Approach: They propose a novel approach to harness the Big Five personality traits acquired in an unsupervised manner from code-mixed conversations to bolster the performance of response generation.
Outcome: The proposed approach enhances contextual relevance and performance of the proposed model by combining personality traits with dialogue context.
DialGuide: Aligning Dialogue Model Behavior with Developer Guidelines (2023.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Dialogue models are able to generate fluent and interesting responses, but they can be difficult to control and may produce non-engaging, unsafe results.
Approach: They propose a framework for controlling dialogue model behavior using natural language rules, or guidelines, which provide information about the context they are applicable to and what should be included in the response.
Outcome: The proposed framework is effective in three open-domain dialogue response generation tasks and is consistent with the developer's expectations and intent.

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