Papers by Zirui He

11 papers
BrailleLLM: Braille Instruction Tuning with Large Language Models for Braille Domain Tasks (2025.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing Braille research focuses on isolated tasks while mixed-content Braille tasks face data scarcity and ambiguities.
Approach: They propose a syntax tree-based augmentation method tailored for Braille data.
Outcome: The proposed method improves Braille translation, formula-to-Braille conversion, and mixed-text translation.
Mitigating Shortcuts in Language Models with Soft Label Encoding (2024.lrec-main)

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Challenge: Recent studies have shown that large language models rely on spurious correlations in the data for natural language understanding (NLU) tasks.
Approach: They propose a framework for debiasing shortcuts and a dummy class to encode shortcuts into a model and use it to generate soft labels.
Outcome: The proposed framework significantly improves out-of-distribution generalization while maintaining satisfactory in-district accuracy.
Augmenting Operations Research with Auto-Formulation of Optimization Models From Problem Descriptions (2022.emnlp-industry)

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Challenge: Existing systems for operations research use NLP to suggest formulations of optimization problems.
Approach: They propose an augmented intelligence system that can be used to simplify and enhance the modeling experience for operations research.
Outcome: The proposed system validates and edits the proposed formulations with a dataset of linear programming problems drawn from various application domains.
How Memory Management Impacts LLM Agents: An Empirical Study of Experience-Following Behavior (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: In practice, memory designs vary widely across agents due to their diverse objectives and functionalities.
Approach: They conduct an empirical study on how memory management choices impact the LLM agents’ behavior, especially their long-term performance.
Outcome: The proposed methods show that LLM agents display an experience-following property, which results in highly similar agent outputs.
SAE-FiRE: Enhancing Earnings Surprise Predictions Through Sparse Autoencoder Feature Selection (2026.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Conference call transcripts contain significant redundancy and industry-specific terminology that creates obstacles for language models.
Approach: They propose a Sparse Autoencoder for Financial Representation Enhancement framework to extract key information from earnings conference call transcripts and eliminate redundancy.
Outcome: The proposed method outperforms baselines in analyzing earnings conference call transcripts.
SAE-SSV: Supervised Steering in Sparse Representation Spaces for Reliable Control of Language Models (2025.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) have impressive capabilities in natural language understanding and generation, but controlling their behavior remains a challenge.
Approach: They propose a supervised steering approach that operates in sparse, interpretable representation spaces.
Outcome: The proposed approach achieves higher success rates with minimal degradation in generation quality compared to existing methods.
Evaluating and Mitigating Object Hallucination in Large Vision-Language Models: Can They Still See Removed Objects? (2025.naacl-long)

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Challenge: LVLMs often mistakenly determine objects as present in images where they do not exist . authors propose a new benchmark to evaluate object hallucinations by removing objects from images and asking the model whether it can still see the removed objects.
Approach: They propose a benchmark to evaluate object hallucinations by removing objects from images . they propose oDPO, a direct preference optimization objective based on visual objects .
Outcome: The proposed benchmark reduces the likelihood of object hallucinations by removing objects from images and asking the model whether it can still see the removed objects.
Choosing Transfer Languages for Cross-Lingual Learning (P19-1)

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Challenge: Cross-lingual transfer is a useful tool for improving performance of natural language processing (NLP) on low-resource languages.
Approach: They propose to use cross-lingual transfer to improve accuracy of low-resource languages . they build models that consider features to perform prediction on such languages based on ranking problem .
Outcome: The proposed model predicts good transfer languages much better than baselines considering single features in isolation.
Seek-and-Solve: Benchmarking MLLMs for Visual Clue-Driven Reasoning in Daily Scenarios (2026.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing benchmarks focus on evaluating MLLMs’ pre-existing knowledge or perceptual understanding, often neglecting the critical capability of reasoning.
Approach: They propose a benchmark designed for visual clue-driven reasoning in daily scenarios that combines rigorous grounding in authentic daily activities and challenging query design that necessitates more than surface-level perception.
Outcome: The proposed benchmark identifies visual clues and their ability to provide robust reasoning in daily scenarios.
ModularMoE: Fast LLM Customization with Parameter-Sharing Mixture-of-Experts for Low-Resource Settings (2026.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Large Language Models impose significant computational and storage burdens on personal devices . existing customization approaches incur excessive computational costs or lead to suboptimal performance .
Approach: They propose a training framework that converts pre-trained LLMs into parameter-sharing MoE models for lightweight deployment.
Outcome: The proposed training framework outperforms state-of-the-art training frameworks at the same sparsity level while delivering up to 2.71 inference speedup.

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