Challenge: Existing tool learning studies focus on general-purpose tool-use capability, but ignore the importance of personalized tool-user preferences.
Approach: They propose a framework to adapt Large Language Models to personalized tool learning task, which is trained through supervised fine-tuning and direct preference optimization.
Outcome: Extensive experiments on PEToolBench show that the proposed framework outperforms existing LLMs in the personalized tool learning task.

Similar Papers

ToolSpectrum: Towards Personalized Tool Utilization for Large Language Models (2025.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing approaches focus on functional tool selection following user instructions while overlooking the critical role of context-aware personalization in tool selection.
Approach: They propose a benchmark to evaluate LLMs’ capabilities in personalized tool utilization.
Outcome: The proposed benchmark evaluates LLMs' capabilities in personalized tool utilization.
NesTools: A Dataset for Evaluating Nested Tool Learning Abilities of Large Language Models (2025.coling-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing benchmarks on nested tool learning are lacking relevant data instances.
Approach: They propose a method to construct large-scale nested tool calls with different nesting structures using a large-quality dataset.
Outcome: The proposed method can be used to evaluate the nested tool learning abilities of large language models (LLMs) in real-world applications.
LLMs + Persona-Plug = Personalized LLMs (2025.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated extraordinary capabilities in natural language understanding, generation, and reasoning.
Approach: They propose a plug-and-play LLM model that embeds a user-specific embedding for each individual by modeling her historical contexts through a lightweight plug-in user embedder module.
Outcome: Experiments on various tasks in the language model personalization (LaMP) benchmark show that the proposed model significantly outperforms existing personalized LLM approaches.
Towards Autonomous Tool Utilization in Language Models: A Unified, Efficient and Scalable Framework (2024.lrec-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent advances in tool learning for large language models have led to a new trend to allow LLMs to leverage external tools.
Approach: They propose a framework for fine-tuning language models that categorizes queries into three different types . they also introduce an "instruct, execute, and reformat" strategy specifically designed for efficient data annotation .
Outcome: The proposed framework surpasses open-source language models and GPT-3.5/4 on multiple evaluation metrics.
CRITICTOOL: Evaluating Self-Critique Capabilities of Large Language Models in Tool-Calling Error Scenarios (2025.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: a number of tools are used to perform complex tasks, but the tool utilization process can cause errors.
Approach: They propose a critique evaluation benchmark for tool learning that analyzes function-calling errors on tool evaluation benchmarks.
Outcome: The proposed critique evaluation benchmark holds diverse tool-use errors with varying complexities, which better reflects real-world scenarios.
Small LLMs Are Weak Tool Learners: A Multi-LLM Agent (2024.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing with impressive capabilities, but they lack domain specificity, real-time information and face challenges in solving specialized problems.
Approach: They propose a multi-LLM approach that decomposes the aforementioned capabilities into a planner, caller, and summarizer.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms existing models by demonstrating its effectiveness and advantages in tool learning.
TL-Training: A Task-Feature-Based Framework for Training Large Language Models in Tool Use (2025.findings-emnlp)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: a new approach to training large language models (LLMs) overlooks task-specific characteristics in tool use, leading to performance bottlenecks.
Approach: They propose a task-feature-based framework that mitigates the effects of suboptimal training data . they use a dataset to train large-scale LLMs and a reward mechanism tailored to error categories .
Outcome: The proposed framework matches or surpasses open- and closed-source LLMs in tool-use performance using only 1,217 training data points.
ToolCoder: A Systematic Code-Empowered Tool Learning Framework for Large Language Models (2025.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing approaches to tool learning rely on hand-crafted prompts and natural language reasoning, making multi-step planning difficult and lacking precise error diagnosis and reflection mechanisms.
Approach: They propose a framework that reformulates tool learning as a code generation task.
Outcome: The proposed framework achieves superior performance in task completion accuracy and execution reliability compared to existing approaches.
Evaluating Personalized Tool-Augmented LLMs from the Perspectives of Personalization and Proactivity (2025.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Personalized tool utilization is essential for aligning large language models (LLMs) with user preference in interaction scenarios with various tools.
Approach: They propose a key-point-based LLM evaluation method that mitigates biases by manually annotating key points for each test case and providing them to LLM as the reference.
Outcome: The proposed method mitigates biases in the LLM-as-a-judge system by manually annotating key points for each test case and providing them to LLM as the reference.
StableToolBench: Towards Stable Large-Scale Benchmarking on Tool Learning of Large Language Models (2024.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) have witnessed remarkable advancements in recent years, prompting the exploration of tool learning.
Approach: They propose a virtual API server and stable evaluation system to assess the stability of large-scale real-time APIs.
Outcome: The proposed benchmarks demonstrate the stability of the proposed system and its caching system.

What is GenGO?

GenGO is an NLP powered publication search system. It currenctly indexes 30k+ papers from ACL Anthology, and implements multi-aspect summarization, semantic search, and more!

Information

About
Limitations