Challenge: Large language models perform well in offline machine translation when the complete source sentence is provided . however, in many real scenarios, the source tokens arrive in a streaming manner and simultaneous machine translation is required .
Approach: They propose a new paradigm that includes constructing supervised fine-tuning data for simultaneous machine translation (SiMT) to achieve SiMT, source and target tokens are rearranged into interleaved sequences, separated by special tokens according to varying latency requirements.
Outcome: The proposed approach achieves state-of-the-art performance across various SiMT benchmarks and evaluation metrics while maintaining efficient auto-regressive decoding.

Similar Papers

TransLLaMa: LLM-based Simultaneous Translation System (2024.findings-emnlp)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Decoder-only large language models have limited applications in simultaneous machine translation . naively translating each source word immediately results in compromised target quality .
Approach: a study shows that a pre-trained open-source LLM can control input segmentation directly by generating a special "wait" token.
Outcome: a new open-source model can control input segmentation directly by generating a special "wait" token.
Simul-LLM: A Framework for Exploring High-Quality Simultaneous Translation with Large Language Models (2024.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Modern large language models (LLMs) contain billions of parameters and can perform a variety of downstream tasks.
Approach: They propose an open-source framework for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) they address key challenges facing LLMs fine- tuned for simultaneous translation .
Outcome: The proposed framework validates classical SimulMT concepts and practices in the context of LLMs and explores adapting LLM fine-tuned for NMT to the task of Simul-LLM.
Semi-supervised Fine-tuning for Large Language Models (2025.findings-naacl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing LLMs require labeled data, which can be costly in real-world applications.
Approach: They propose a framework that can fully exploit labeled and unlabeled data for LLM fine-tuning . they conducted experiments using GPT-4o-mini and Llama-3.1 on seven general or domain-specific datasets .
Outcome: The proposed framework can fully exploit labeled and unlabeled data for LLM alignment from a propagate-and-select manner.
SimulS2S-LLM: Unlocking Simultaneous Inference of Speech LLMs for Speech-to-Speech Translation (2025.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Simultaneous speech translation (SST) outputs translations in parallel with streaming speech input, balancing translation quality and latency.
Approach: They propose to train LLMs offline and employ a test-time policy to guide simultaneous inference by extracting boundary-aware speech prompts that allow it to be better matched with text input data.
Outcome: The proposed model trains speech LLMs offline and employs a test-time policy to guide simultaneous inference.
LLMs Are Zero-Shot Context-Aware Simultaneous Translators (2024.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing SiMT systems operate on a sentence level, disregarding the context established by previous sentences or the broader context implied by previous words.
Approach: They show that open-source LLMs perform on par with or better than some state-of-the-art baselines in simultaneous machine translation tasks, zero-shot.
Outcome: The proposed models perform on par with or better than state-of-the-art baselines in simultaneous machine translation tasks, zero-shot.
A Novel Paradigm Boosting Translation Capabilities of Large Language Models (2024.findings-naacl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing studies on LLMs focused on supervised fine-tuning but their effectiveness has been limited.
Approach: They propose a paradigm consisting of three stages: Secondary Pre-training using extensive monolingual data, Continual Pre- training with interlinear text format documents, and Leveraging source-language consistent instruction for supervised fine-tuning.
Outcome: The proposed approach surpasses previous work and achieves superior performance compared to models such as NLLB-54B(CITATION) and GPT3.5-text-davinci-003.
Contextual Refinement of Translations: Large Language Models for Sentence and Document-Level Post-Editing (2024.naacl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Large language models have demonstrated considerable success in various natural language processing tasks, but their performance in NMT tasks is still underexplored.
Approach: They propose to use LLMs as automatic post-editors rather than direct translators to improve BLEU and COMET performance.
Outcome: The proposed approach improves BLEU but COMET performance compared to in-context learning.
Hybrid-Regressive Paradigm for Accurate and Speed-Robust Neural Machine Translation (2023.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Autoregressive translation (NAT) is less robust in decoding batch size and hardware settings than NAT.
Approach: They propose a two-stage translation prototype that prompts a small number of AT predictions and fills in previously skipped tokens at once.
Outcome: The proposed translation prototype achieves comparable translation quality with AT while having 1.5x faster inference speed regardless of batch size and device.
Learning to Translate by Translating: Stabilizing the Dual Loop via Semantic-Aware Self-Evolution (2026.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) have been successful in machine translation, but lack of high-quality parallel corpora and cost constrain scalability.
Approach: They propose an LLM-driven dual-learning framework that enables autonomous translation . they employ a robust semantic-aware reward function that balances adequacy with reconstruction fidelity .
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms larger models on benchmarks and achieves parity with state-of-the-art supervised baselines on mainstream benchmarks.
Simultaneous Interpretation Corpus Construction by Large Language Models in Distant Language Pair (2024.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing siMT corpora are limited due to high costs and limited annotator capabilities.
Approach: They propose a method to convert ST corpora into interpretation-style corpors by fine-tuning models with Large Language Models.
Outcome: The proposed method reduces latency while achieving better quality compared to other models.

What is GenGO?

GenGO is an NLP powered publication search system. It currenctly indexes 30k+ papers from ACL Anthology, and implements multi-aspect summarization, semantic search, and more!

Information

About
Limitations