Challenge: Speech recognition and translation systems perform poorly on noisy inputs, which are frequent in realistic environments.
Approach: They propose a cross-lingual audio-visual speech representation model for noise-robust speech recognition and translation in over 100 languages.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms the previous state-of-the-art by 18.5% WER and 4.7 BLEU on downstream audio-visual speech recognition and translation tasks.

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AV-TranSpeech: Audio-Visual Robust Speech-to-Speech Translation (2023.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing models for speech-to-speech translation suffer from distinct degradation in noisy environments and fail to translate visual speech.
Approach: They propose a text-based audio-visual speech-to-speech translation model that integrates visual information with audio-only data to improve system robustness.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms models trained on audio-only corpus in two languages . it also improves with low-resource audio-visual data, compared with baselines .
Multi-Staged Cross-Lingual Acoustic Model Adaption for Robust Speech Recognition in Real-World Applications - A Case Study on German Oral History Interviews (2020.lrec-1)

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Challenge: Current automatic speech recognition systems show remarkable performance when adequate data is used for training.
Approach: They propose to perform a robust acoustic model adaption to a target domain in a cross-lingual manner.
Outcome: The proposed approach reduces word error rate by more than 30% on German oral history interviews compared to a model trained from scratch on the target domain and 6-7% on same-language out-of-domain training data.
Hearing Lips in Noise: Universal Viseme-Phoneme Mapping and Transfer for Robust Audio-Visual Speech Recognition (2023.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing efforts to improve robustness of audio-visual speech recognition with visual information focus on audio modality . current approaches introduce noise adaptation techniques to improve reliability of AVSR task .
Approach: They propose a visual-invariant modality to strengthen robustness of audio-visual speech recognition (AVSR) it can adapt to any testing noises without dependence on noisy training data, a.k.a., unsupervised noise adaptation.
Outcome: The proposed method outperforms existing state-of-the-arts on visual speech recognition task under various noisy and clean conditions.
A Survey of Multilingual Models for Automatic Speech Recognition (2022.lrec-1)

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Challenge: Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems have achieved human-like performance for a few languages, but the majority of the world’s languages do not have usable systems due to the lack of large speech datasets to train these models.
Approach: They propose to use unlabeled speech data to build multilingual ASR models that can be used for improved performance on low-resource languages.
Outcome: The proposed models can be used to improve performance on low-resource languages by using unlabeled speech data.
Learning Robust and Multilingual Speech Representations (2020.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Unsupervised speech representation learning has shown success at finding representations that correlate with phonetic structures and improve downstream speech recognition performance.
Approach: They evaluate unsupervised speech representation learning representations by looking at their robustness to domain shifts and their ability to improve recognition performance in many languages.
Outcome: The proposed representations improve the recognition performance in 25 phonetically diverse languages and are robust to domain shifts.
Progress in Multilingual Speech Recognition for Low Resource Languages Kurmanji Kurdish, Cree and Inuktut (2022.lrec-1)

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Challenge: Using acoustic data, we develop automatic speech recognition systems for three low resource languages.
Approach: They develop automatic speech recognition systems for three low resource languages using acoustic training data from 12 different languages in the hybrid DNN/HMM framework.
Outcome: The proposed models are for three low resource languages: Kurmanji Kurdish, Cree and Inuktut.
Intuitive Multilingual Audio-Visual Speech Recognition with a Single-Trained Model (2023.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Recent studies show that multilingual models outperform monolingual ones.
Approach: They propose a single model that can capture which language is given as input speech . they use a pre-trained model to fine-tune the model so it can recognize the language class as well as the speech with the corresponding language.
Outcome: The proposed model can recognize which language is given as input speech . it can accurately recognize speech in noisy environments, such as crowded restaurants .
Audio-Based Linguistic Feature Extraction for Enhancing Multi-lingual and Low-Resource Text-to-Speech (2024.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing methods to synthesize speech for low-resource languages require a substantial amount of source language corpora to generate the linguistic knowledge that can be reused for speech synthesis.
Approach: They propose a method that extracts linguistic features from audio input while effectively filtering out miscellaneous acoustic information including speaker-specific attributes like timbre.
Outcome: The proposed method extracts linguistic features from audio input while effectively filtering out miscellaneous acoustic information including speaker-specific attributes like timbre.
Improving Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Transfer Learning via Robust Training (2021.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Pre-trained multilingual language encoders do not precisely align words and phrases across languages.
Approach: They propose a learning strategy for training robust models by drawing connections between adversarial examples and failure cases of zero-shot cross-lingual transfer.
Outcome: The proposed model can achieve good performance even if representations of different languages are not aligned well.
AudioVSR: Enhancing Video Speech Recognition with Audio Data (2024.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Recent work has shown poor performance with non-Indo-European languages . previous work primarily utilizes video information to build VSR models .
Approach: They propose a generative model for data inflation that integrates synthetic data with authentic visual data to enhance the VSR model.
Outcome: The proposed model improves on the audio-visual alignment problem in audio-video tasks.

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