Challenge: Identifying relevant persona or knowledge for conversational systems is difficult, but recent work has shown that it is more realistic to optimize for concrete persona.
Approach: They propose a persona-knowledge dual context retrieval method that utilizes all dialogue contexts simultaneously.
Outcome: The proposed method performs zero-shot top-1 knowledge retrieval and precise persona scoring.

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You Truly Understand What I Need : Intellectual and Friendly Dialog Agents grounding Persona and Knowledge (2022.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing models that ground knowledge and persona at the same time are limited, leading to hallucination and a passive way of using personas.
Approach: They propose a conversational agent that grounds external knowledge and persona simultaneously and a retrieval augmented generation model that generates utterances with lesser hallucination and more engagingness.
Outcome: The proposed agent generates the utterance with lesser hallucination and more engagingness utilizing retrieval augmented generation with knowledge-persona enhanced query.
Concept-based Persona Expansion for Improving Diversity of Persona-Grounded Dialogue (2023.eacl-main)

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Challenge: Existing approaches to improve the quality of persona-grounded dialogues are limited to a few informative words.
Approach: They propose a concept-based persona expansion framework that takes the original persona as input and generates expanded personas that contain conceptually rich content.
Outcome: The proposed framework improves the quality of persona-grounded dialogue responses in diversity and richness.
Reciprocal Learning of Knowledge Retriever and Response Ranker for Knowledge-Grounded Conversations (2022.coling-1)

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Challenge: Recent work on grounding dialogue agents with knowledge documents has sparked increased attention . hand-labeling data to that end is time-consuming and many datasets lack knowledge annotations .
Approach: They propose a reciprocal learning approach to optimize a knowledge retriever and a response ranker for knowledge-grounded response retrieval without ground-truth knowledge labels.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms previous state-of-the-art methods on two public benchmarks.
A Pre-training Strategy for Zero-Resource Response Selection in Knowledge-Grounded Conversations (2021.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing methods to train retrieval-based dialogue systems rely on crowd-sourced data . however, it is difficult to collect large-scale dialogues that are grounded on background knowledge .
Approach: They propose to decompose training of knowledge-grounded response selection into three tasks . they propose to combine query-passage matching task with query-dialogue history matching task .
Outcome: Experimental results show that the proposed model can perform comparable to existing methods . the retrieval-based system can leverage background knowledge when conversing with humans .
Grounding in social media: An approach to building a chit-chat dialogue model (2022.naacl-srw)

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Challenge: Existing open-domain dialogue models fail to capture and utilize external knowledge, leading to repetitive or generic responses to unseen utterances.
Approach: They propose to use social media comments to improve the raw conversation ability of open-domain dialogue systems.
Outcome: The proposed model improves the raw conversation ability of open-domain dialogue systems by mimicking human responses through casual interactions found on social media.
DIALKI: Knowledge Identification in Conversational Systems through Dialogue-Document Contextualization (2021.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing knowledge grounding models focus on locating knowledge in document contexts that are relevant to the conversation.
Approach: They propose a knowledge identification model that leverages document structure to provide dialogue-contextualized passage encodings and better locate knowledge relevant to the conversation.
Outcome: The proposed model can be applied to document-grounded conversational datasets and shows generalization to unseen documents and long dialogue contexts.
Personalized Topic Selection Model for Topic-Grounded Dialogue (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing topic-grounded dialogue systems tend to predict user-uninteresting and contextually irrelevant topics due to noise within side information sources.
Approach: They propose a personalized topic selection model for topic-grounded dialogue that selectively aggregates side information to generate engaging responses.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art models on multiple evaluation metrics.
Efficient Latent Variable Modeling for Knowledge-Grounded Dialogue Generation (2023.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing knowledge-grounded dialogue generation algorithms require annotated knowledge to generate a response grounded on the retrieved knowledge.
Approach: They propose an efficient algorithm for latent variable modeling that leverages large amount of dialogue data.
Outcome: The proposed algorithm outperforms the supervised learning algorithm on knowledge-grounded dialogue datasets while maintaining efficiency and scalability.
Knowledge-Grounded Dialogue Generation with Pre-trained Language Models (2020.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Empirical results indicate that pre-trained language models can significantly outperform state-of-the-art methods in both automatic evaluation and human judgment.
Approach: They propose to equip a pre-trained language model with a knowledge selection module to generate knowledge-grounded dialogues.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art methods in evaluation and human judgment.
Is a Knowledge-based Response Engaging?: An Analysis on Knowledge-Grounded Dialogue with Information Source Annotation (2023.acl-srw)

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Challenge: Currently, most knowledge-grounded dialogue models focus on reflecting given external knowledge.
Approach: They analyze human behavior by annotating utterances in an existing knowledge-grounded dialogue corpus and find that speaker-derived information improves dialogue engagingness.
Outcome: The proposed model cannot include speaker-derived information as often as humans do.

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