Challenge: a recent study shows that human translators often resort to different non-literal translation techniques besides literal translation . however, they receive less attention in developing natural language processing (NLP) applications.
Approach: They propose to have a better semantic control of extracting paraphrases from bilingual parallel corpora.
Outcome: The proposed method can automatically recognize different non-literal translation techniques . the results confirm the hypothesis of the proposed method .

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Detecting Non-literal Translations by Fine-tuning Cross-lingual Pre-trained Language Models (2020.coling-main)

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Challenge: Non-literal translations are difficult to produce even for human translators, especially for foreign language learners, and machine translations have not yet been developed to simulate human translations.
Approach: They propose to fine-tune generic sentence representations produced by a pre-trained cross-lingual language model to detect non-literal translations.
Outcome: The proposed model can predict human translations and distinguish literal and non-literal translations at phrase level with a moderate positive correlation.
NegPar: A parallel corpus annotated for negation (L18-1)

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Challenge: NegPar is the first parallel corpus annotated for negation in the narrative domain.
Approach: They present NegPar, a parallel corpus annotated for negation in the narrative domain . they follow the annotation guidelines in the CONANDOYLE-NEG corpus .
Outcome: The proposed corpus is based on the CONANDOYLE-NEG corpus and is reannotated to ensure more consistent and interpretable representations.
Chinese-Portuguese Machine Translation: A Study on Building Parallel Corpora from Comparable Texts (L18-1)

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Challenge: Chinese and Portuguese are very populous languages, but there is not much parallel corpora in the Chinese-Portuguese language pair.
Approach: They propose to curate Chinese-Portuguese parallel corpora and evaluate their quality . they extract bilingual data from government websites and use Phrased-Based Machine Translation (PBMT) and Neural Machine Translation models to build large corpus.
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Translation via Annotation: A Computational Study of Translating Classical Chinese into Japanese (2026.eacl-long)

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Challenge: Ancient people translated classical Chinese into Japanese using a system of annotations placed around characters.
Approach: They propose to introduce an LLM-based annotation pipeline and construct a dataset from digitized open-source translation data to improve sequence tagging tasks.
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Extended Parallel Corpus for Amharic-English Machine Translation (2022.lrec-1)

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Challenge: Existing approaches to automate the complex task of translation are tedious and expensive.
Approach: They describe acquisition, preprocessing, segmentation, and alignment of an Amharic-English parallel corpus.
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The DReaM Corpus: A Multilingual Annotated Corpus of Grammars for the World’s Languages (2020.lrec-1)

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Challenge: Until recently, language descriptions were available in paper form only, with indexes as the only search aid.
Approach: They propose to digitize a multilingual corpus of language descriptions and annotate it with various meta, word, and text attributes to make searching and analysis easier and more useful.
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Understanding Cross-Lingual Alignment—A Survey (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Cross-lingual alignment is the meaningful similarity of representations across languages in multilingual language models.
Approach: They propose a taxonomy of methods to improve cross-lingual alignment . they argue that an effective trade-off between language-neutral and language-specific information is key .
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Transfer of Frames from English FrameNet to Construct Chinese FrameNet: A Bilingual Corpus-Based Approach (L18-1)

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Challenge: Current publicly available Chinese FrameNet has a relatively low coverage of frames and lexical units compared with other languages.
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EPIC UdS - Creation and Applications of a Simultaneous Interpreting Corpus (2022.lrec-1)

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Challenge: EPIC UdS is a multilingual corpus of simultaneous interpreting for English, German and Spanish.
Approach: They describe the creation and annotation of EPIC UdS, a multilingual corpus of simultaneous interpreting for English, German and Spanish.
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Universal Semantic Tagging for English and Mandarin Chinese (2021.naacl-main)

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Challenge: Existing approaches to generating semantic annotations for different languages are attracting more and more interest.
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