Papers by Tarek Mahmoud
M4: Multi-generator, Multi-domain, and Multi-lingual Black-Box Machine-Generated Text Detection (2024.eacl-long)
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Yuxia Wang, Jonibek Mansurov, Petar Ivanov, Jinyan Su, Artem Shelmanov, Akim Tsvigun, Chenxi Whitehouse, Osama Mohammed Afzal, Tarek Mahmoud, Toru Sasaki, Thomas Arnold, Alham Aji, Nizar Habash, Iryna Gurevych, Preslav Nakov
| Challenge: | Large language models generate fluent responses to user queries, but they are also susceptible to misuse in journalism, education, and academia. |
| Approach: | They propose a large-scale benchmark for machine-generated text detection that is a multi-generator, multi-domain, and multi-lingual corpus. |
| Outcome: | The proposed system can detect machine-generated text and pinpoint misuse . the proposed system is based on a large-scale benchmark dataset . |
M4GT-Bench: Evaluation Benchmark for Black-Box Machine-Generated Text Detection (2024.acl-long)
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Yuxia Wang, Jonibek Mansurov, Petar Ivanov, Jinyan Su, Artem Shelmanov, Akim Tsvigun, Osama Mohammed Afzal, Tarek Mahmoud, Giovanni Puccetti, Thomas Arnold, Alham Aji, Nizar Habash, Iryna Gurevych, Preslav Nakov
| Challenge: | Large Language Models (LLMs) have brought an unprecedented surge in machine-generated text (MGT) societal implications are posed by their potential misuse and lack of training data. |
| Approach: | They propose a benchmark to detect machine-generated text in multiple languages . they use multi-domain and multi-generator corpus to identify which model generated the text . |
| Outcome: | The proposed benchmark compares a multilingual, multi-domain and multi-generator corpus of MGTs with human-generated content. |
Entity Framing and Role Portrayal in the News (2025.findings-acl)
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Tarek Mahmoud, Zhuohan Xie, Dimitar Iliyanov Dimitrov, Nikolaos Nikolaidis, Purificação Silvano, Roman Yangarber, Shivam Sharma, Elisa Sartori, Nicolas Stefanovitch, Giovanni Da San Martino, Jakub Piskorski, Preslav Nakov
| Challenge: | a dataset of news articles containing 22 fine-grained characters is annotated for entity framing and role portrayal . the dataset includes 1,378 recent news articles in five languages focusing on the Ukraine-Russia War and climate change . |
| Approach: | They propose a multilingual and hierarchical corpus annotated for entity framing and role portrayal in news articles. |
| Outcome: | The proposed dataset includes 1,378 recent news articles in five languages focusing on the Ukraine-Russia War and climate change . the authors report evaluation results on state-of-the-art multilingual transformers and hierarchical zero-shot learning using LLMs at the level of a document, paragraph, and sentence . |
Is Human-Like Text Liked by Humans? Multilingual Human Detection and Preference Against AI (2026.acl-long)
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Yuxia Wang, Rui Xing, Jonibek Mansurov, Giovanni Puccetti, Zhuohan Xie, Minh Ngoc Ta, Jiahui Geng, Jinyan Su, Mervat Abassy, Saadeldine Eletter, Kareem Elozeiri, Nurkhan Laiyk, Maiya Goloburda, Tarek Mahmoud, Raj Vardhan Tomar, Alexander Aziz, Ryuto Koike, Masahiro Kaneko, Artem Shelmanov, Ekaterina Artemova, Vladislav Mikhailov, Akim Tsvigun, Alham Fikri Aji, Nizar Habash, Iryna Gurevych, Preslav Nakov
| Challenge: | Prior studies have shown that distinguishing text generated by Large Language Models from human-written text is challenging for humans and often no better than random guessing. |
| Approach: | They conduct extensive case study to determine the upper bound of human detection accuracy. |
| Outcome: | The findings challenge previous conclusions on human detection accuracy across languages and domains. |
LLM-DetectAIve: a Tool for Fine-Grained Machine-Generated Text Detection (2024.emnlp-demo)
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Mervat Abassy, Kareem Elozeiri, Alexander Aziz, Minh Ta, Raj Tomar, Bimarsha Adhikari, Saad Ahmed, Yuxia Wang, Osama Mohammed Afzal, Zhuohan Xie, Jonibek Mansurov, Ekaterina Artemova, Vladislav Mikhailov, Rui Xing, Jiahui Geng, Hasan Iqbal, Zain Mujahid, Tarek Mahmoud, Akim Tsvigun, Alham Aji, Artem Shelmanov, Nizar Habash, Iryna Gurevych, Preslav Nakov
| Challenge: | a large number of machine-generated texts are often hard to distinguish between human-written and machine-generated text . this raises concerns about potential misuse, especially within educational and academic domains . |
| Approach: | They propose a system that can detect whether a text is human-written or machine-generated . they use a fine-grained classification schema to identify the use of machine-generated text . |
| Outcome: | The proposed system can distinguish between human-written and machine-generated text . it can detect attempts to obfuscate the fact that a text was machine- generated . |
FRAPPE: FRAming, Persuasion, and Propaganda Explorer (2024.eacl-demo)
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Ahmed Sajwani, Alaa El Setohy, Ali Mekky, Diana Turmakhan, Lara Hassan, Mohamed El Zeftawy, Omar El Herraoui, Osama Afzal, Qisheng Liao, Tarek Mahmoud
| Challenge: | FRAPPE is a linguistic analysis, persuasion, and propaganda-based news analysis system that analyzes articles for genre, framings, and persulasion techniques. |
| Approach: | They propose a FRAming, Persuasion, and Propaganda Explorer system that analyzes articles for genre, framings, and use of persuation techniques. |
| Outcome: | FRAPPE analyzes articles for genre, framings, and use of persuasion techniques . it also draws comparisons between persulasion and framping strategies adopted by a diverse pool of news outlets and countries across multiple languages for different topics . |
Uncovering Temporal Framing in the News (2026.acl-long)
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Tarek Mahmoud, Veronika Solopova, Premtim Sahitaj, Ariana Sahitaj, Max Upravitelev, Mervat Abassy, Hana Fatima Shaikh, Neda Foroutan, Vera Schmitt, Preslav Nakov
| Challenge: | Temporal language is used to structure meaning rather than report chronology in news discourse . a recent study focused on temporal expression extraction and temporal reasoning . |
| Approach: | They propose a taxonomy of eight temporal frames grounded in prior work on time and framing . they analyze frame prevalence, co-occurrence patterns, and lexical cues from a news corpus . |
| Outcome: | The proposed taxonomy outperforms zero-shot models at the sentence level . it shows that temporal framing is learnable at the sentences level compared to other methods . |