Papers by Le Cheng
All Languages Matter: Understanding and Mitigating Language Bias in Multilingual RAG (2026.acl-long)
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Dan Wang, Guozhao Mo, Yafei Shi, Cheng Zhang, Bo Zheng, Boxi Cao, Xuanang Chen, Yaojie Lu, Hongyu Lin, Ben He, Xianpei Han, Le Sun
| Challenge: | Existing mRAG systems suffer from a language bias during reranking, systematically favoring English and the query’s native language. |
| Approach: | They propose a language-agnostic utility-driven reranker alignment technique to mitigate language bias during re-ranking. |
| Outcome: | The proposed approach mitigates language bias and consistently improves mRAG performance across languages. |
DiffusPoll: Conditional Text Diffusion Model for Poll Generation (2024.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Social media platforms manipulate public opinion through sheer numbers and cause biases, authors say . they say new paradigm for poll generation can generate high-quality samples while preserving diversity . |
| Approach: | They propose a non-autoregressive diffusion model that uses masks to generate polls . they use attribute tags to enhance the quality of polls and to diversify poll options . |
| Outcome: | The proposed model matches the Transformer model while offering greater diversity and quality. |
Joint Learning from Labeled and Unlabeled Data for Information Retrieval (C18-1)
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| Challenge: | Recent studies have focused on neural information retrieval (IR) models. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework which can benefit from both labeled and more abundant unlabeled data . they propose supervised retrieval over several strong baselines for IR . |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework can benefit from labeled and more abundant unlabeled data for representation learning in the context of IR. |
Question Directed Graph Attention Network for Numerical Reasoning over Text (2020.emnlp-main)
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Kunlong Chen, Weidi Xu, Xingyi Cheng, Zou Xiaochuan, Yuyu Zhang, Le Song, Taifeng Wang, Yuan Qi, Wei Chu
| Challenge: | Numerical reasoning requires both natural language understanding and arithmetic computation. |
| Approach: | They propose a graph representation for the context of the passage and question needed for numerical reasoning. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model achieves remarkable results in benchmark datasets such as DROP. |
From Informal to Formal – Incorporating and Evaluating LLMs on Natural Language Requirements to Verifiable Formal Proofs (2025.acl-long)
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Jialun Cao, Yaojie Lu, Meiziniu Li, Haoyang Ma, Haokun Li, Mengda He, Cheng Wen, Le Sun, Hongyu Zhang, Shengchao Qin, Shing-Chi Cheung, Cong Tian
| Challenge: | Recent studies in formal mathematical reasoning have shown an unstoppable growth trend. |
| Approach: | They constructed 18k high-quality instruction-response pairs across five mainstream formal specification languages and evaluated them against ten open-sourced LLMs. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model compared instruction-response pairs across five formal specification languages and found that the LLMs were good at writing proof segments when given either the code, or the detailed description of proof steps. |