Challenge: Neural text generation has been quite successful recently, but during training time, only one reference is considered for each example, even though there are often multiple references available.
Approach: They propose an algorithm to generate exponentially many pseudo-references by compressing existing references into lattices and traversing them to generate new pseudo-References.
Outcome: The proposed model significantly improves on baselines in machine translation and image captioning, and is comparable to existing models.

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Challenge: Neural data-to-text generation is a difficult task for many new applications because of a lack of training data.
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A Study in Improving BLEU Reference Coverage with Diverse Automatic Paraphrasing (2020.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Using neural paraphrasing techniques, we investigate whether automatically generating additional *diverse* references can provide better coverage of the space of valid translations.
Approach: They propose to use neural paraphrasing techniques to generate additional references that provide better coverage of the space of valid translations.
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Simulated multiple reference training improves low-resource machine translation (2020.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing valid translations for a given sentence are limited by a single reference translation, causing data sparsity in low-resource settings.
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Multi-Source Syntactic Neural Machine Translation (D18-1)

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Challenge: Existing approaches to integrate source syntax into neural machine translations use linearized parses.
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Improving Multilingual Neural Machine Translation by Utilizing Semantic and Linguistic Features (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing models do not differentiate between semantic and linguistic features, resulting in the entanglement of knowledge and linguistics within the model.
Approach: They propose to exploit both semantic and linguistic features to enhance multilingual translation by disentangling encoder representations and integrating low-level linguistic encoders.
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Improving Simultaneous Translation by Incorporating Pseudo-References with Fewer Reorderings (2021.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing systems for simultaneous translation are still trained on full-sentence bitexts due to the abundance of unnecessary long-distance reorderings.
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Improving Lexical Choice in Neural Machine Translation (N18-1)

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Challenge: False positives: the output layer rewards frequent words disproportionately, we argue . Falsibles: a model that learns word representations in continuous space tends to translate rare words .
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Improving Multilingual Neural Machine Translation with Auxiliary Source Languages (2021.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Prior work has shown that translating from multiple source languages improves translation quality.
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Boosting Neural Machine Translation with Similar Translations (2020.acl-main)

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Challenge: Statistical Machine Translation and fuzzy matching are completely different in their finality.
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Multilingual Denoising Pre-training for Neural Machine Translation (2020.tacl-1)

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Challenge: Existing approaches to pre-train models focus on only English corpora, but this is not common in machine translation.
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