Challenge: Effective real-world human–agent interactions are long-term and repeated.
Approach: They propose a simulation that uses a proxy user with value-driven preferences and natural language behavior to evaluate how agents adapt to users across interactions and satisfy their desires.
Outcome: HA-Desire, a home assistance simulation, shows that agents can adapt to user needs and provide proactive assistance within limited communication.

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PrefIx: Understand and Adapt to User Preference in Human-Agent Interaction (2026.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Current benchmarks evaluate task accuracy but overlook how agents interact . Preference-aware agents show 7.6% average UX improvement and 18.5% gain in preference alignment.
Approach: They propose a configurable environment that evaluates both what agents accomplish and how they interact.
Outcome: The proposed model improves performance and improves user experience by 7.6% and 18.5% respectively.
Aligning LLMs with Individual Preferences via Interaction (2025.coling-main)

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Challenge: Existing studies on LLMs alignment focus on generalizing their behavior to generalized values such as helpfulness, harmlessness, and honesty.
Approach: They train large language models to "interact to align" to implicitly infer user preferences . they use a multi-turn preference dataset to generate a personalized alignment .
Outcome: The proposed method enables dynamic, personalized alignment via interaction with a multi-turn preference dataset.
ADAPT: Benchmarking Commonsense Planning under Unspecified Affordance Constraints (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing methods for embodied agents focus on directly executing instructions without considering whether objects can be manipulated.
Approach: They propose a benchmark that evaluates embodied agents in dynamic environments . they use plug-and-play module that augments existing planners with explicit affordance reasoning .
Outcome: The proposed benchmark evaluates embodied agents in dynamic environments with unpredictable affordances . ADAPT significantly improves robustness and task success across seen and unseen environments .
PersonaAgent: Bridging Memory and Action for Personalized LLM Agents (2026.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing Large Language Model (LLM) enabled agents lack flexibility to respond to users’ varying needs and preferences.
Approach: They propose a test-time user-preference alignment strategy that optimizes the persona prompt, ensuring real-time preference alignment through textual loss feedback between simulated and ground-truth responses.
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms baseline methods in real-time and in real applications.
AlignUSER: Human-Aligned LLM Agents via World Models for Recommender System Evaluation (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing evaluation practices for recommender systems rely on few-shot prompting and offline metrics are often misaligned with online behavior.
Approach: They propose a framework that learns world-model-driven agents from human interactions.
Outcome: The proposed framework enables agents to express rich preferences and feedback in natural language and interact with recommender systems in a simulation.
PersonalAlign: Hierarchical Implicit Intent Alignment for Personalized GUI Agent with Long-Term User-Centric Records (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: GUI agents have shown strong performance under explicit and completion instructions, but real-world deployment requires aligning with users’ more complex implicit intents.
Approach: They propose a task that requires agents to leverage long-term user records as persistent context to resolve omitted preferences in vague instructions and anticipate latent routines by user state for proactive assistance.
Outcome: The proposed task improves execution and proactive performance by 15.7% and 7.3% under explicit and completion instructions.
tagE: Enabling an Embodied Agent to Understand Human Instructions (2023.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing systems for natural language understanding (NLU) are limited due to the inherent ambiguity and incompleteness inherent in natural language.
Approach: They propose a system to extract tasks from natural language instructions and map them to robots' established collection of skills.
Outcome: The proposed system outperforms baseline models in the training and evaluation of a dataset featuring complex instructions.
Aligning to Social Norms and Values in Interactive Narratives (2022.naacl-main)

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Challenge: Social value alignment is the ability to create agents that act in alignment with socially beneficial norms and values in interactive narratives or text-based games.
Approach: They introduce a game-value ALignment agent that uses social commonsense to restrict its action space to actions that are aligned with socially beneficial values.
Outcome: The proposed agent improves state-of-the-art task performance by 4% while reducing the frequency of socially harmful behaviors by 25% compared to strong contemporary value alignment approaches.
LangSuit·E: Planning, Controlling and Interacting with Large Language Models in Embodied Text Environments (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown inspiring achievements in constructing autonomous agents that rely on language descriptions as inputs.
Approach: They propose a flexible and simulation-free testbed that simulates 6 representative embodied tasks in textual embodies.
Outcome: The proposed testbed offers adaptability to diverse environments without multiple simulation engines and allows easy customization of communication and action strategies.
Human Alignment: How Much Do We Adapt to LLMs? (2025.acl-short)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) are becoming a common part of our lives, yet few studies have examined how they influence our behavior.
Approach: They propose a cooperative language game in which players aim to converge on a word and play a game in a group.
Outcome: The proposed game shows that humans notice and adapt to differences regardless of whether they are aware they are interacting with an LLM.

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