Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) are introducing a paradigm shift in molecular discovery by enabling text-guided interaction with chemical spaces through natural language and symbolic notations.
Approach: They analyze the current LLM learning paradigms to tackle four critical evaluation dimensions that have emerged as critical dimensions in recent studies.
Outcome: The proposed models are able to interact with chemical spaces through natural language and symbolic notations, and have emerging extensions to incorporate multi-modal inputs.

Similar Papers

A Comprehensive Survey of Scientific Large Language Models and Their Applications in Scientific Discovery (2024.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing surveys on scientific LLMs focus on one or two fields or a single modality.
Approach: They survey 260 scientific LLMs and examine their architectures and pre-training techniques . they also discuss commonalities and differences between LLM architectures .
Outcome: The proposed model architectures and evaluation techniques are used to improve scientific discovery.
Large Language Models in Bioinformatics: A Survey (2025.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) are revolutionizing bioinformatics, enabling advanced analysis of DNA, RNA, proteins, and single-cell data.
Approach: They examine the evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs) in bioinformatics and precision medicine by focusing on genomic sequence modeling, RNA structure prediction, protein function inference, and single-cell transcriptomics.
Outcome: The proposed models are capable of predicting RNA structure and function and predicting single-cell transcriptomics.
From Generalist to Specialist: A Survey of Large Language Models for Chemistry (2025.coling-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing studies on pretraining of LLMs on extensive web-based texts are insufficient for advanced scientific discovery, especially in chemistry.
Approach: They outline methodologies for incorporating domain-specific chemistry knowledge and multi-modal information into LLMs and conceptualize chemistry LLM agents using chemistry tools.
Outcome: The proposed models are based on domain-specific chemistry knowledge and multi-modal information and are capable of accelerating scientific research.
From Automation to Autonomy: A Survey on Large Language Models in Scientific Discovery (2025.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) are catalyzing a paradigm shift in scientific discovery, evolving from task-specific automation tools into increasingly autonomous agents.
Approach: They introduce a foundational three-level taxonomy to delineate their escalating autonomy and evolving responsibilities within the research lifecycle.
Outcome: The proposed frameworks provide a conceptual architecture and strategic foresight to navigate and shape the future of AI-driven scientific discovery.
On LLMs-Driven Synthetic Data Generation, Curation, and Evaluation: A Survey (2024.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) provide a data-centric solution to alleviate limitations of real-world data with synthetic data generation.
Approach: They propose a generic workflow for LLM-driven synthetic data generation.
Outcome: The proposed workflows highlight gaps in existing research and outline avenues for future studies.
The Data Frontier for Large Language Models: Selection, Synthesis, and Tools (2026.acl-tutorials)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: acquiring and curating high-quality training data remains a significant bottleneck . acquiring such high-quality data is a key challenge for researchers and practitioners .
Approach: This tutorial provides a comprehensive and practical guide to the state-of-the-art in data research directions for LLMs.
Outcome: The tutorial covers methods for curating the most valuable information from vast, noisy datasets and the synthetic data revolution.
Large Language Models for Generative Recommendation: A Survey and Visionary Discussions (2024.lrec-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized the field of natural language processing but are not fully able to leverage the generative power of LLM.
Approach: They examine the progress, methods, and future directions of large language models . they examine what generative recommendation is, why RS should advance to generative recommendations .
Outcome: The proposed approach can be simplified to generate recommendations from the entire pool of items.
Can Large Language Models Unlock Novel Scientific Research Ideas? (2025.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) and ChatGPT have marked a turning point in the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into people’s everyday lives.
Approach: They conduct a human evaluation of the novelty, relevancy, and feasibility of the generated future research ideas.
Outcome: The proposed models generate more diverse ideas than GPT-4, GPT-3.5, and Gemini 1.0.
Language + Molecules (2024.eacl-tutorials)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: In the last year, instruction-following language models have surged in popularity.
Approach: This tutorial will provide an introduction to applying natural language-driven solutions to chemistry problems.
Outcome: This tutorial will provide an introduction to this area of research. it requires no knowledge outside mainstream NLP, and it will enable participants to begin exploring relevant research.
Systematic Task Exploration with LLMs: A Study in Citation Text Generation (2024.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) provide unprecedented flexibility in defining and executing complex, creative natural language generation tasks.
Approach: They propose a framework that consists of input manipulation, reference data, and output measurement to explore citation text generation.
Outcome: The proposed framework explores citation text generation, a popular scholarly NLP task that lacks consensus on the task definition and evaluation metric and has not yet been tackled within the LLM paradigm.

What is GenGO?

GenGO is an NLP powered publication search system. It currenctly indexes 30k+ papers from ACL Anthology, and implements multi-aspect summarization, semantic search, and more!

Information

About
Limitations