Challenge: Existing evaluations assume tool use in short contexts, offering limited insight into model behavior during realistic long-term interactions.
Approach: a benchmark is a tool to test long-term tool use in large language models . the tool includes multiple tasks execution contexts and realistic noise .
Outcome: a new benchmark tests the tool use capabilities in long-term interactions.

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ACEBench: A Comprehensive Evaluation of LLM Tool Usage (2025.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing benchmarks for evaluating LLMs’ tool usage face several limitations: limited evaluation scenarios, lacking assessments in real multi-turn dialogue contexts; narrow evaluation dimensions, with insufficient detailed assessments of how LLM use tools; and reliance on LLM or real API executions for evaluation, which introduces significant overhead.
Approach: ACEBench is a benchmark for evaluating tool usage in Large Language Models . it categorizes data into three primary types based on evaluation methodology: Normal, Special, and Agent.
Outcome: ACEBench categorizes data into three primary types based on evaluation methodology: Normal, Special, and Agent.
ToolSandbox: A Stateful, Conversational, Interactive Evaluation Benchmark for LLM Tool Use Capabilities (2025.findings-naacl)

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Challenge: Recent advances in large language models have led to a growing interest in tool assisted LLMs . toolSandbox includes stateful tool execution, implicit state dependencies between tools .
Approach: a new tool-based evaluation tool is released to help LLMs evaluate their tool-use capabilities. a tool-driven evaluation tool includes stateful tool execution, implicit state dependencies between tools and a built-in user simulator.
Outcome: the toolSandbox evaluation benchmark shows that open source and proprietary models have a performance gap . the benchmarks show that even the most capable LLMs are challenged by state dependent tasks .
Rethinking Stateful Tool Use in Multi-Turn Dialogues: Benchmarks and Challenges (2025.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing benchmarks that assess Language Models (LMs) as Language Agents (LAs) for tool use focus on stateless, single-turn interactions or partial evaluations, overlooking the inherent stateful nature of interactions in multi-turn applications.
Approach: They propose a multi-turn dialogue dataset with stateful tool interactions considering the whole life cycle of tool use across six key tasks in three stages . they also build VirtualMobile – an embodied virtual mobile evaluation environment to simulate API calls and assess the robustness of the created APIs.
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RoTBench: A Multi-Level Benchmark for Evaluating the Robustness of Large Language Models in Tool Learning (2024.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Current research emphasizes LLMs’ capacity to utilize tools in well-structured environments while overlooking their stability when confronted with the inevitable noise of the real world.
Approach: They propose a multi-level benchmark to evaluate the robustness of large language models in tool learning by establishing five external environments with varying levels of noise.
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DICE-BENCH: Evaluating the Tool-Use Capabilities of Large Language Models in Multi-Round, Multi-Party Dialogues (2025.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing function-calling benchmarks focus on single-turn interactions but ignore complexity of real-world scenarios.
Approach: They propose a framework that constructs practical function-calling datasets by synthesizing conversations through a tool graph that maintains dependencies across rounds.
Outcome: The proposed framework synthesizes conversations through a tool graph that maintains dependencies across rounds and a multi-agent system with distinct personas to enhance dialogue naturalness.
ToolSpectrum: Towards Personalized Tool Utilization for Large Language Models (2025.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing approaches focus on functional tool selection following user instructions while overlooking the critical role of context-aware personalization in tool selection.
Approach: They propose a benchmark to evaluate LLMs’ capabilities in personalized tool utilization.
Outcome: The proposed benchmark evaluates LLMs' capabilities in personalized tool utilization.
TRUEBench: Can LLM Response Meet Real-world Constraints as Productivity Assistant? (2025.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing benchmarks fail to evaluate large language models' instruction-following capabilities . current benchmarks lack multilinguality, implicit constraints and multi-turn dialogue .
Approach: a new benchmark is designed to evaluate large language models' instruction-following capabilities . the benchmark features input prompts across 12 languages and includes inter-instance multilingual instructions .
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TAIL: A Toolkit for Automatic and Realistic Long-Context Large Language Model Evaluation (2024.emnlp-demo)

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Challenge: Existing evaluation methods for long-context large language models are overly simplistic and require extensive human annotations.
Approach: They propose an automatic toolkit to create realistic evaluation benchmarks . they use a document-grounded benchmark to generate question-answer pairs .
Outcome: The proposed toolkit provides a way to create realistic evaluation benchmarks and visualize performance metrics of evaluated models.
StableToolBench: Towards Stable Large-Scale Benchmarking on Tool Learning of Large Language Models (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) have witnessed remarkable advancements in recent years, prompting the exploration of tool learning.
Approach: They propose a virtual API server and stable evaluation system to assess the stability of large-scale real-time APIs.
Outcome: The proposed benchmarks demonstrate the stability of the proposed system and its caching system.
ToolHop: A Query-Driven Benchmark for Evaluating Large Language Models in Multi-Hop Tool Use (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: Effective evaluation of multi-hop tool use is critical for analyzing the understanding, reasoning, and function-calling capabilities of large language models.
Approach: They propose a dataset that provides rigorous evaluation of multi-hop tool use.
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