Challenge: Existing studies on keyphrase generation on non-English languages haven’t been vastly investigated.
Approach: They propose a retrieval-augmented method for multilingual keyphrase generation that leverages keyphrase annotations in English datasets to facilitate generating keyphrases in low-resource languages.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms baselines on non-English keyphrase generation datasets and the proposed model is scalable.

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Challenge: Existing methods on keyphrase generation are purely extractive or generative . however, extractive methods cannot predict absent keyphrases which are not in the document.
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Enhancing Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models with Iterative Retrieval-Generation Synergy (2023.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Recent work has proposed to improve relevance modeling by having large language models actively involved in retrieval, i.e., to guide retrieval with generation.
Approach: They propose to have large language models actively involved in retrieval to guide retrieval with generation.
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Keyphrase Generation for Scientific Document Retrieval (2020.acl-main)

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Challenge: Sequence-to-sequence models have been used to generate keyphrases, but it is unclear whether they are reliable enough for document retrieval.
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Data Augmentation for Low-Resource Keyphrase Generation (2023.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing works on keyphrase generation rely on large-scale annotated datasets, which are not easy to acquire.
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Neural Keyphrase Generation via Reinforcement Learning with Adaptive Rewards (P19-1)

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Challenge: Existing generative models generate too few keyphrases, but they often generate too many . et al. (2017) propose a reinforcement learning approach for keyphrase generation .
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SGG: Learning to Select, Guide, and Generate for Keyphrase Generation (2021.naacl-main)

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Challenge: Existing keyphrase generation approaches synchronously generate present and absent keyphrases without explicitly distinguishing these two categories.
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Representation Learning for Resource-Constrained Keyphrase Generation (2022.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: State-of-the-art keyphrase generation methods depend on large annotated datasets, limiting their performance in domains with limited annotation data.
Approach: They propose a method that first identifies salient information using retrieval-based corpus-level statistics and then learns a task-specific intermediate representation based on a pre-trained language model.
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Embedding-Informed Adaptive Retrieval-Augmented Generation of Large Language Models (2025.coling-main)

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Challenge: Retrieval-augmented large language models excel in various NLP tasks but are not always helpful when the knowledge required is absent in the model.
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Semi-Supervised Learning for Neural Keyphrase Generation (D18-1)

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Challenge: Existing models for keyphrase generation only use labeled data, which is limited to resource-rich domains.
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EUROPA: A Legal Multilingual Keyphrase Generation Dataset (2024.acl-long)

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Challenge: Keyphrases are short phrases that describe a text and have been used for many applications.
Approach: They present a dataset for multilingual keyphrase generation in the legal domain . it is derived from legal judgments from the Court of Justice of the European Union . they run multilingual models on the corpus and analyze the results .
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