Challenge: Finnish and Swedish are the two official languages of Finland.
Approach: They propose to compile a massive corpus of translated material between Finnish and Swedish . they also aim to develop open and freely accessible translation services for those two languages .
Outcome: The project aims to develop open and freely accessible translation services for Finnish and Swedish.

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Language Model Priors and Data Augmentation Strategies for Low-resource Machine Translation: A Case Study Using Finnish to Northern Sámi (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: a new study examines the use of monolingual data for improving low-resource machine translation.
Approach: They investigate ways of using monolingual data for improving low-resource machine translation.
Outcome: The proposed model can perform better on the target-side data without augmentation of parallel data.
Machine Translation for Low-Resource Languages through Monolingual Data and LLM: A Case Study of English-to-Basque (2026.eacl-srw)

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Challenge: Existing LLMs do not translate well from English to Basque, but they yield an acceptable performance in the reverse direction.
Approach: They propose to use a Basque monolingual corpora to train an LLM-based MT system . they use 'sovereignty fine tuning' to generate parallel corporata, and then use preference optimization .
Outcome: The proposed system improves translation quality in English-to-Basque direction while requiring limited data for low-resource languages.
Unifying Cross-Lingual Transfer across Scenarios of Resource Scarcity (2023.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing approaches to deal with resource scarcity have not been developed to deal effectively with the problem.
Approach: They propose to use a set of tools to harness data from one or more high-resource "source" languages to compensate for a shortage of data in low-resourced "target" languages.
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Many-to-English Machine Translation Tools, Data, and Pretrained Models (2021.acl-demo)

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Challenge: Commercial translation systems support only one hundred languages or fewer . commercial translation systems do not make these models available for transfer to low resource languages .
Approach: They propose a multilingual neural machine translation model that can translate from 500 source languages to English.
Outcome: The proposed model can translate from 500 source languages to English, or be used as a parent model for low-resource languages.
Tilde MT Platform for Developing Client Specific MT Solutions (L18-1)

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Challenge: a growing demand for translations and multilingual content is surpassing the supply of professional translation services.
Approach: They present a custom machine translation platform called Tilde MT that provides linguistic data storage, data cleaning and normalisation, statistical and neural machine translation system training and hosting functionality.
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compare-mt: A Tool for Holistic Comparison of Language Generation Systems (N19-4)

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Challenge: Unlike machine translation, natural language outputs are nuanced and there are no clear yes/no distinctions about whether they are correct or not.
Approach: They describe compare-mt, a tool for holistic analysis and comparison of the results of systems for language generation tasks such as machine translation.
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DiHuTra: a Parallel Corpus to Analyse Differences between Human Translations (2022.lrec-1)

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Challenge: a new corpus of human translations contains both professional and student translations of news and reviews texts.
Approach: They propose to use the data to compare human and professional translations of news and reviews in a new corpus which contains both professional and student translations.
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FinGPT: Large Generative Models for a Small Language (2023.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Neural language models excel in many tasks in NLP but are limited to smaller languages.
Approach: They propose two approaches to pretrain large language models for Finnish . they train seven monolingual models from scratch and use Finnish as pretraining data .
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MIT-10M: A Large Scale Parallel Corpus of Multilingual Image Translation (2025.coling-main)

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Challenge: Existing datasets suffer from limitations in scale, diversity, and quality, hindering the development and evaluation of IT models.
Approach: They propose a large-scale parallel corpus of multilingual image translation with over 10M image-text pairs derived from real-world data.
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Data Cartography for Low-Resource Neural Machine Translation (2022.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing methods to improve machine translation (MT) in low-resource settings are limited in the number of languages spoken in the world.
Approach: They apply cartography techniques to characterize the contribution of training samples in two low-resource MT tasks (Swahili-English and Turkish-English) they argue that data augmentation strategies for low-Resource ML would benefit from model-in-the-loop strategies to maximize improvements.
Outcome: The proposed methods show that training samples contribute to model training in low-resource MT tasks, albeit not uniformly throughout the training process.

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