Papers with ranker
Chains-of-Reasoning at TextGraphs 2019 Shared Task: Reasoning over Chains of Facts for Explainable Multi-hop Inference (D19-53)
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| Challenge: | EMNLP 2019 shared task on 'Multi-hop Inference Explanation Regeneration' identifies chains of facts relevant to explain an answer to an elementary science examination question. |
| Approach: | They propose a system that identifies chains of facts relevant to explain an answer to an elementary science examination question. |
| Outcome: | The proposed system outperforms the second best system by 14.95 points on the mean average precision (MAP) metric. |
“What makes a question inquisitive?” A Study on Type-Controlled Inquisitive Question Generation (2022.starsem-1)
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| Challenge: | Empirical results demonstrate that we can generate a variety of questions that adhere to specific types while drawing from the source texts. |
| Approach: | They propose a type-controlled framework for inquisitive question generation . they annotate an inquisite question dataset and train question type classifiers . |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework generates questions that adhere to specific types while drawing from the source texts. |
Dialogue Response Ranking Training with Large-Scale Human Feedback Data (2020.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing open-domain dialog models can minimize the perplexity of target human responses . however, some human responses are more engaging than others, spawning more followup interactions . |
| Approach: | They train open-domain dialog models to minimize perplexity of target human responses . they use social media feedback data to train models to predict engaging dialog turns . |
| Outcome: | The proposed model outperforms existing models on 133M human feedback pairs . it also outperformed the conventional dialog perplexity baseline model . |
Opponent Modeling in Negotiation Dialogues by Related Data Adaptation (2022.findings-naacl)
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| Challenge: | In a multi-issue negotiation, it involves inferring the relative importance that the opponent assigns to each issue under discussion, which is crucial for finding high-value deals. |
| Approach: | They propose a ranker for inferring the priority order of the opponent from partial dialogues without needing additional annotations for training. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model performs better than baselines while accessing fewer utterances from the opponent. |
Metric-guided Distillation: Distilling Knowledge from the Metric to Ranker and Retriever for Generative Commonsense Reasoning (2022.emnlp-main)
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Xingwei He, Yeyun Gong, A-Long Jin, Weizhen Qi, Hang Zhang, Jian Jiao, Bartuer Zhou, Biao Cheng, Sm Yiu, Nan Duan
| Challenge: | Existing work on commonsense generation requires models to have relational reasoning and compositional generalization capabilities. |
| Approach: | They propose a metric distillation rule to distill knowledge from a standard metric to a ranker and transfer it to re-ranking a retriever. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method surpasses the previous SOTA. |
Parameter-Efficient Neural Reranking for Cross-Lingual and Multilingual Retrieval (2022.coling-1)
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| Challenge: | State-of-the-art neural rankers are notoriously data-hungry and rarely used in multilingual and cross-lingual retrieval settings. |
| Approach: | They propose to use Sparse Fine-Tuning Masks and Adapters to transfer rankers trained on English data to other languages and cross-lingual setups by means of multilingual encoders. |
| Outcome: | The proposed methods outperform standard zero-shot transfer with full MMT fine-tuning while being more modular and reducing training times. |
FAA: Fine-grained Attention Alignment for Cascade Document Ranking (2023.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Contemporary document ranking methods focus on transforming documents into passages to handle long inputs, but intensive query-irrelevant content may lead to harmful distraction and high query latency. |
| Approach: | They propose a fine-grained attention alignment approach to jointly optimize a cascade document ranking model. |
| Outcome: | Experiments on MS MARCO and TREC DL show that the proposed method is effective in document ranking tasks. |
Breaking the Ceiling of the LLM Community by Treating Token Generation as a Classification for Ensembling (2024.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in a wide range of tasks and contexts. |
| Approach: | They propose to use a token-level ensembling method to exploit the probability information at each generation step and to avoid early incorrect tokens. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method breaks the existing community performance ceiling and improves on several benchmarks. |
Unveiling the Power of Source: Source-based Minimum Bayes Risk Decoding for Neural Machine Translation (2025.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Maximum a posteriori decoding aims to maximize the estimated posterior probability, but high estimated probability does not always lead to high translation quality. |
| Approach: | They propose a method that seeks hypotheses with the highest expected utility by using quasi-sources as “support hypothese . they propose sMBR decoding which utilizes a reference-free quality estimation metric as the utility function. |
| Outcome: | The proposed approach outperforms QE reranking and the standard MBR decoding. |
Generate & Rank: A Multi-task Framework for Math Word Problems (2021.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Existing studies formalize MWP as a generation task but mathematical expressions are prone to minor mistakes. |
| Approach: | They propose a ranking task for math word problem (MWP) that learns from its own mistakes and distinguishes between correct and incorrect expressions. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model outperforms baselines on the classical Math23k dataset and is 7% higher than the state-of-the-art. |
Rethinking-based Code Summarization with Chain of Comments (2025.coling-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods focus on learning a direct mapping from pure code to summaries, overlooking the heterogeneity gap between code and summary. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that uses chain of comments as auxiliary intermediate information to bridge the gap between code and summaries. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms baseline models and multiple code Large Language Models by a large margin. |
NewsDialogues: Towards Proactive News Grounded Conversation (2023.findings-acl)
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Siheng Li, Yichun Yin, Cheng Yang, Wangjie Jiang, Yiwei Li, Zesen Cheng, Lifeng Shang, Xin Jiang, Qun Liu, Yujiu Yang
| Challenge: | Hot news is one of the most popular topics in daily conversations. |
| Approach: | They propose a task where a dialogue system can lead the conversation based on key topics of the news. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method can lead conversations based on key topics of the news . it can also be used in information-seeking and chit-chat scenarios . |
Masked Language Models Know Which are Popular: A Simple Ranking Strategy for Commonsense Question Answering (2022.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Empirical results show that pre-trained language models can improve the typical answer generation of GLMs. |
| Approach: | They propose a ranking strategy that exploits WordNet to train a ranker that picks out the most popular answers for commonsense questions. |
| Outcome: | The proposed ranking strategy is tested on a commonsense question answering (QA) dataset and on negative samples from WordNet. |
Towards Robust Ranker for Text Retrieval (2023.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods for text retrieval are based on a 'retrieval & rerank' pipeline, which uses a fast retriever to fetch a set of top document candidates, while a robust ranker is based upon a weak negative mining during contrastive learning. |
| Approach: | They propose a multi-adversarial training strategy that leverages multiple retrievers as generators to challenge a ranker. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model outperforms the existing de facto ranker training paradigms on the passage retrieval benchmarks using BM25-reranking, full-ranking and retriever distillation. |
Towards Diverse and Effective Question-Answer Pair Generation from Children Storybooks (2023.findings-acl)
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Sugyeong Eo, Hyeonseok Moon, Jinsung Kim, Yuna Hur, Jeongwook Kim, SongEun Lee, Changwoo Chun, Sungsoo Park, Heuiseok Lim
| Challenge: | Recent advances in QA pair generation (QAG) have raised interest in applying this technique to the educational field. |
| Approach: | They propose a QAG framework that enhances QA type diversity by producing different interrogative sentences and implicit/explicit answers. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms state-of-the-art methods by significant margins, achieving improved diversity and quality. |
Joint Generator-Ranker Learning for Natural Language Generation (2023.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods for text generation train the generator and ranker individually . existing methods neglect the mutual feedback that could enhance the quality of outputs . |
| Approach: | They propose a joint training algorithm that integrates the generator and ranker in a single framework. |
| Outcome: | The proposed algorithm surpasses existing methods on four public datasets across three common generation scenarios. |
The Cascade Transformer: an Application for Efficient Answer Sentence Selection (2020.acl-main)
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| Challenge: | Recent research shows that transformer-based neural networks can greatly advance the state of the art over many natural language processing tasks. |
| Approach: | They propose a technique to adapt transformer-based models into a cascade of rankers. |
| Outcome: | The proposed technique reduces computation by 37% with almost no impact on accuracy on two English question answering datasets. |
Evidence Retrieval is almost All You Need for Fact Verification (2024.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Existing evidence retrieval methods adopt a trivial retrieval strategy, resulting in task-irrelevant evidence and undesirable performance. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework for evidence retrieval and joint fact verification that integrates two modules. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework improves evidence retrieval and claims verification on a FEVER dataset. |
Automating Document Discovery in the Systematic Review Process: How to Use Chaff to Extract Wheat (L18-1)
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| Challenge: | Systematic reviews address research questions by comprehensively examining the entire published literature. |
| Approach: | They compare the impact of different schemes for choosing positive and negative examples from the different screening stages on the training of automated systems. |
| Outcome: | The proposed ranking system achieves an AUC of 0.803 and 0.768 when relying on gold standard decisions based on title and abstracts of articles, and an AUT of 0.625 and 0.839 when based upon gold standard decision based in full text. |
Ranking LLM-Generated Loop Invariants for Program Verification (2023.findings-emnlp)
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Saikat Chakraborty, Shuvendu Lahiri, Sarah Fakhoury, Akash Lal, Madanlal Musuvathi, Aseem Rastogi, Aditya Senthilnathan, Rahul Sharma, Nikhil Swamy
| Challenge: | Large Language Models (LLMs) are capable of synthesizing inductive loop invariants for a class of programs in a 0-shot setting, yet require several samples to generate the correct invariant. |
| Approach: | They propose a re-ranking approach to generate inductive loop invariants using Large Language Models . they propose reranking rankers that can distinguish between correct and incorrect attempts . |
| Outcome: | The proposed method reduces the number of calls to a verifier by comparing the generated results with the original model. |
Pneg: Prompt-based Negative Response Generation for Dialogue Response Selection Task (2022.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods for synthesizing adversarial negative responses are limited by their scalability and cost. |
| Approach: | They propose a method for generating adversarial negative responses using a large-scale language model. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method outperforms other methods on dialogue selection tasks. |
A Generate-and-Rank Framework with Semantic Type Regularization for Biomedical Concept Normalization (2020.acl-main)
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| Challenge: | Concept normalization is a task that maps textual mentions of concepts to concepts in an ontology . lexical and grammatical variations are pervasive in such text, posing key challenges for data interoperability and the development of natural language processing (NLP) techniques. |
| Approach: | They propose a concept normalization framework that uses a candidate generator and a list-wise ranker to link concept mentions to concepts in an ontology. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework achieves state-of-the-art performance on multiple datasets. |
RichRAG: Crafting Rich Responses for Multi-faceted Queries in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (2025.coling-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing studies focus on question scenarios with clear user intents and concise answers, but it is prevalent that users issue broad, open-ended queries with diverse sub-intents. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that includes a sub-aspect explorer and a multi-faceted retriever to build a candidate pool of diverse external documents related to these sub-intents. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework provides comprehensive and satisfying responses to users on two publicly available datasets. |
Clinical Concept Linking with Contextualized Neural Representations (2020.acl-main)
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| Challenge: | Entity linking systems rely on three sources of information: 1) similarity between mention string and entity name; 2) similarity of context of document to entity; 3) broader information about knowledge base; 4) contextual information; 5) semantic information; and 6) semantic information. |
| Approach: | They propose an approach to linking medical concepts to a medical concept ontology that leverages recent work in contextualized neural models. |
| Outcome: | The proposed approach outperforms a baseline approach and provides better initialization for the ranker. |
Non-Essential Is NEcessary: Order-agnostic Multi-hop Question Generation (2024.lrec-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing multi-hop question generation methods treat answer-irrelevant documents as non-essential and remove them as impurities, which can lead to a decrease in model performance. |
| Approach: | They propose a task which leverages non-essential data in the training phase to create a robust model and extract the consistent embeddings in real-world inference environments. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model can perform ranker and generator without external modules and achieves state-of-the-art on a hotpotQA dataset. |
The Ranking Blind Spot: Decision Hijacking in LLM-based Text Ranking (2025.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in information retrieval tasks like passage ranking. |
| Approach: | They propose two attacks that aim to force the LLM ranker to prefer a specific passage and rank it at the top. |
| Outcome: | The proposed attacks aim to force the LLM ranker to prefer a specific passage and rank it at the top. |