Papers by Hyeonseok Moon
A Dog Is Passing Over The Jet? A Text-Generation Dataset for Korean Commonsense Reasoning and Evaluation (2022.findings-naacl)
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Jaehyung Seo, Seounghoon Lee, Chanjun Park, Yoonna Jang, Hyeonseok Moon, Sugyeong Eo, Seonmin Koo, Heuiseok Lim
| Challenge: | Korean pretrained language models struggle to generate short sentences with a given condition based on compositionality and commonsense reasoning. |
| Approach: | They propose a Korean text-generation dataset for Korean generative commonsense reasoning and language model evaluation using a semi-automatic dataset construction approach. |
| Outcome: | The proposed dataset is available at http://aihub.or.kr/opendata/korea-university. |
Semantic Aware Linear Transfer by Recycling Pre-trained Language Models for Cross-lingual Transfer (2025.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly incorporating multilingual capabilities, fueling the demand to transfer them into target language-specific models. |
| Approach: | They propose a novel cross-lingual transfer technique that recycles embeddings from target language Pre-trained Language Models to transmit deep representational strengths to LLMs. |
| Outcome: | The proposed technique outperforms existing methods in cross-lingual understanding setups and achieves faster convergence and lower loss during language adaptation. |
Detecting Critical Errors Considering Cross-Cultural Factors in English-Korean Translation (2024.lrec-main)
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Sugyeong Eo, Jungwoo Lim, Chanjun Park, DaHyun Jung, Seonmin Koo, Hyeonseok Moon, Jaehyung Seo, Heuiseok Lim
| Challenge: | Recent machine translation systems overcome language barriers for a wide range of users, yet they carry the risk of catastrophic meaning deviations. |
| Approach: | They introduce a culture-aware "Politeness" type for detecting critical translation errors . they also provide multiclass labels for critical error detection and critical error type classification . |
| Outcome: | Empirical results show that the proposed method outperforms baselines in both tasks. |
Call for Rigor in Reporting Quality of Instruction Tuning Data (2025.acl-short)
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| Challenge: | Instruction tuning is crucial for adapting large language models (LLMs) to user intentions. |
| Approach: | They propose to use hyperparameters for training models that are often selected arbitrarily without adequate justification to make arbitrary conclusions. |
| Outcome: | The results show that arbitrary hyperparameter decisions can make any arbitrary conclusion. |
LimaCost: Data Valuation for Instruction Tuning of Large Language Models (2025.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Instruction tuning is an effective approach for aligning large language models with human intentions. |
| Approach: | They propose a data quality measure that exhibits a strong correlation with model performance. |
| Outcome: | The proposed measure exhibits a strong correlation with model performance. |
Length-aware Byte Pair Encoding for Mitigating Over-segmentation in Korean Machine Translation (2024.findings-acl)
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Jungseob Lee, Hyeonseok Moon, Seungjun Lee, Chanjun Park, Sugyeong Eo, Hyunwoong Ko, Jaehyung Seo, Seungyoon Lee, Heuiseok Lim
| Challenge: | Byte Pair Encoding (BPE) is an effective approach in machine translation across several languages, but it is prone to over-segmentation in Korean, an agglutinative and morphologically rich language. |
| Approach: | They propose a new method that incorporates long words into the Korean vocabulary by strategically preserving morphological information and reducing semantic confusion. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method outperforms BPE and surpasses state-of-the-art morpheme-aware tokenization methods. |
PEEP-Talk: A Situational Dialogue-based Chatbot for English Education (2023.acl-demo)
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Seungjun Lee, Yoonna Jang, Chanjun Park, Jungseob Lee, Jaehyung Seo, Hyeonseok Moon, Sugyeong Eo, Seounghoon Lee, Bernardo Yahya, Heuiseok Lim
| Challenge: | Existing chatbots lack realistic practice scenarios for English learners . existing platforms employ hand-crafted and patternmatching rules, limiting communication ability and responding appropriately to out-of-situation utterances. |
| Approach: | They propose a real-world situational dialogue-based chatbot for English education . it generates appropriate responses in various real-life situations while providing accurate feedback . |
| Outcome: | The proposed chatbot generates appropriate responses in various real-life situations while providing accurate feedback to learners. |
Cross-Lingual Optimization for Language Transfer in Large Language Models (2025.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Adapting large language models to other languages often suffers from an overemphasis on English performance. |
| Approach: | They propose a cross-lingual optimization technique that efficiently transfers an English-centric LLM to a target language while preserving its English capabilities. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model outperforms SFT in acquiring target language proficiency and maintaining English performance in low-resource languages. |
KEBAP: Korean Error Explainable Benchmark Dataset for ASR and Post-processing (2023.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Conventional evaluation metrics for automatic speech recognition systems produce a singular aggregate score, which is insufficient for understanding specific system vulnerabilities. |
| Approach: | They propose to introduce the Korean Error Explainable Benchmark Dataset for ASR and Post-processing (KEBAP) this method enables a more balanced assessment encompassing speech recognition accuracy and user readability. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method enables a more balanced assessment encompassing speech recognition accuracy and user readability. |
CHEF in the Language Kitchen: A Generative Data Augmentation Leveraging Korean Morpheme Ingredients (2023.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Korean morphological variations present unique opportunities and challenges in natural language processing (NLP), necessitating an advanced understanding of morpheme-based sentence construction. |
| Approach: | They propose a method to replicate morphological transformations inherent in Korean sentences based on lexical and functional morphemes through generative data augmentation. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method improves performance in Korean multiple classification datasets without incurring external data usage. |
FLEX: A Benchmark for Evaluating Robustness of Fairness in Large Language Models (2025.findings-naacl)
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| Challenge: | Existing safety evaluations may overlook the inherent weaknesses of Large Language Models, despite their benefits. |
| Approach: | They propose a benchmark to evaluate the robustness of Large Language Models under extreme conditions. |
| Outcome: | The proposed approach evaluates the fairness of large language models under extreme conditions. |
Priming Ancient Korean Neural Machine Translation (2022.lrec-1)
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| Challenge: | Recent studies have focused on the restoration and translation of historical languages. |
| Approach: | They propose to use two different stimuli to priming ancient-Korean NMT . they confirm the possibility of developing a human-centric model based on cognitive science . |
| Outcome: | The proposed model can be used to translate historical Korean documents using neural machine translation. |
Should we find another model?: Improving Neural Machine Translation Performance with ONE-Piece Tokenization Method without Model Modification (2021.naacl-industry)
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| Challenge: | Recent studies using pretrain-finetuning approach have achieved state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance in many natural language processing tasks. |
| Approach: | They propose a new tokenization method that combines morphology-considered subword tokenization and vocabulary methods to address this limitation. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method can be used without modifying the model structure. |
Hyper-BTS Dataset: Scalability and Enhanced Analysis of Back TranScription (BTS) for ASR Post-Processing (2024.findings-eacl)
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Chanjun Park, Jaehyung Seo, Seolhwa Lee, Junyoung Son, Hyeonseok Moon, Sugyeong Eo, Chanhee Lee, Heuiseok Lim
| Challenge: | Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) post-processing requires substantial amounts of data, requiring expensive phonetic transcription experts. |
| Approach: | They propose a "Hyper-BTS" dataset that is five times larger than prior studies . they propose criteria for categorizing error types within ASR post-processing . |
| Outcome: | The proposed method can generate ASR inputs from clean text using a text-to-speech system. |
Metric Calculating Benchmark: Code-Verifiable Complicate Instruction Following Benchmark for Large Language Models (2025.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Recent frontier-level LLMs have saturated many previously difficult benchmarks, leaving little room for further differentiation. |
| Approach: | They propose a benchmark to evaluate whether LLMs can execute string-matching NLP metrics by strictly following step-by-step instructions. |
| Outcome: | The proposed benchmarks show that they can perform step-by-step execution, instruction adherence, numerical computation, and long-range consistency in handling intermediate results. |
Towards Diverse and Effective Question-Answer Pair Generation from Children Storybooks (2023.findings-acl)
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Sugyeong Eo, Hyeonseok Moon, Jinsung Kim, Yuna Hur, Jeongwook Kim, SongEun Lee, Changwoo Chun, Sungsoo Park, Heuiseok Lim
| Challenge: | Recent advances in QA pair generation (QAG) have raised interest in applying this technique to the educational field. |
| Approach: | They propose a QAG framework that enhances QA type diversity by producing different interrogative sentences and implicit/explicit answers. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework outperforms state-of-the-art methods by significant margins, achieving improved diversity and quality. |
Generative Interpretation: Toward Human-Like Evaluation for Educational Question-Answer Pair Generation (2024.findings-eacl)
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| Challenge: | Existing evaluation methods often fail to produce objective results and favor high similarity to the ground-truth question-answer pairs. |
| Approach: | They propose an alternative approach to evaluate question-answer generation using Generative Interpretation (GI) GI outperforms existing evaluation methods in terms of human alignment . |
| Outcome: | The proposed approach outperforms existing evaluation methods in human alignment and shows comparable performance with GPT3.5, only with BART-large. |
Post-hoc Utterance Refining Method by Entity Mining for Faithful Knowledge Grounded Conversations (2023.emnlp-main)
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Yoonna Jang, Suhyune Son, Jeongwoo Lee, Junyoung Son, Yuna Hur, Jungwoo Lim, Hyeonseok Moon, Kisu Yang, Heuiseok Lim
| Challenge: | Despite advances in language generation, models suffer from hallucinations that are either untrue or unfaithful to a given source. |
| Approach: | They propose a method to refine hallucinated utterances based on source knowledge . REM implicitly uses key entities in the knowledge to refine the utterant . |
| Outcome: | The proposed method reduces entity hallucination in the generated utterance and improves the quality of the model. |
MIRAGE: A Metric-Intensive Benchmark for Retrieval-Augmented Generation Evaluation (2025.findings-naacl)
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| Challenge: | Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems are limited in their evaluation due to the intricate interplay between retrieval and generation components. |
| Approach: | They propose a Question Answering Question Answerer dataset specifically designed for RAG evaluation that integrates external, non-parametric knowledge retrieved by a retrieval pool of 37,800 entries. |
| Outcome: | The proposed dataset consists of 7,560 curated instances mapped to a retrieval pool of 37,800 entries, enabling an efficient evaluation of both retrieval and generation tasks. |
Empirical Analysis of Noising Scheme based Synthetic Data Generation for Automatic Post-editing (2022.lrec-1)
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| Challenge: | Automatic post-editing (APE) is a research field that aims to correct errors in translated sentences regardless of the utilized machine translation system. |
| Approach: | They propose a method for automatically generating APE data based on a noising scheme from a parallel corpus. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method shows that depending on the type of noise, the noising scheme-based APE data generation may lead to inferior performance. |
Find the Intention of Instruction: Comprehensive Evaluation of Instruction Understanding for Large Language Models (2025.findings-naacl)
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| Challenge: | LLMs are prone to generate responses to instruction-formatted statements in an instinctive manner, rather than comprehending the underlying user intention within the given instructions. |
| Approach: | They propose to use an instruction-following capability benchmark to evaluate LLMs' instruction understanding capability. |
| Outcome: | The proposed benchmark analyzes the instruction understanding capability of large language models with four instruction candidates and a single candidate. |
Translation of Multifaceted Data without Re-Training of Machine Translation Systems (2024.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | a novel MT pipeline that considers the intra-data relation is proposed . previous MT systems have demonstrated relatively low performance, making them hardly utilized as another data source. |
| Approach: | They propose a new MT pipeline that considers the intra-data relation . they propose CS and IT to enhance the intra data relation based on a data point . |
| Outcome: | The proposed pipeline improves translation quality and training data compared with the existing approach . it yields better training data and better translation quality than previous approaches . |
Towards Privacy-Preserving Large Language Model: Text-free Inference Through Alignment and Adaptation (2026.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing LLMs require users to submit raw text regardless of its sensitivity, resulting in substantial computational overhead and degrade model performance. |
| Approach: | They propose a new training pipeline that allows a client-side encoder to condition on k-pooled prompt embeddings instead of raw text and a server-side projection module to fine-tune the projection module and LLM on private, domain-specific data using noise-injected embeddables. |
| Outcome: | The proposed approach eliminates the need for transmitting raw prompt text while maintaining a favorable balance between privacy preservation and model utility for both clients and service providers. |
Leveraging Pre-existing Resources for Data-Efficient Counter-Narrative Generation in Korean (2024.lrec-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing datasets and methods for detecting hate speech are limited by resource-intensive nature and only focus on the primary language. |
| Approach: | They propose a Korean Hate Speech Counter Punch (KHSCP) method that generates fact-based responses to hate speech in the Korean language and propose to use existing resources to overcome data scarcity. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method can overcome data scarcity in low-resource environments by leveraging existing resources. |
NeedleChain: Measuring Intact Context Comprehension Capability of Large Language Models (2026.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Existing benchmarks for context understanding embed query-irrelevant content . this shifts evaluation toward retrieving relevant snippets rather than fully integrating all provided information. |
| Approach: | They propose a benchmark to evaluate whether models can faithfully incorporate all given evidence . they propose 'needlechain' benchmark to test whether models incorporate all available information . |
| Outcome: | The proposed benchmarks overestimate the ability of large language models to integrate all given evidence when the context is entirely query-relevant. |
The Impact of Negated Text on Hallucination with Large Language Models (2025.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Recent studies on hallucination in large language models (LLMs) have been actively progressing in natural language processing. |
| Approach: | They propose to examine whether LLMs can recognize contextual shifts caused by negation and still reliably distinguish hallucinations comparable to affirmative cases. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model can detect hallucinations comparable to affirmative cases, but it is difficult to detect them in negated text, the authors show . |
MIGRATE: Cross-Lingual Adaptation of Domain-Specific LLMs through Code-Switching and Embedding Transfer (2025.coling-main)
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| Challenge: | Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced in many fields, but focus on English-centric models requires extensive data. |
| Approach: | They propose a method that leverages open-source static embedding models and up to 3 million tokens of code-switching data to facilitate the seamless transfer of embeddables to target languages. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method outperforms baseline and existing cross-lingual transfer methods in target languages. |
QUAK: A Synthetic Quality Estimation Dataset for Korean-English Neural Machine Translation (2022.coling-1)
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| Challenge: | despite its high utility, there are limitations concerning manual QE data creation. |
| Approach: | They propose to generate a Korean-English QE dataset that is fully automatic . they find that the algorithm is more accurate and faster than manual QE . |
| Outcome: | The proposed datasets show that they scale up to 1.58M and 6.58M, respectively, and show that the results are significantly better when compared to the previous datasets. |