Papers by Rui Qu

6 papers
TrendSim: Simulating Trending Topics in Social Media Under Poisoning Attacks with LLM-based Multi-agent System (2025.findings-naacl)

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Challenge: Trending topics bring in a new channel for poisoning attacks, resulting in negative impacts on society.
Approach: They propose an LLM-based multi-agent system to simulate trending topics in social media . they propose a time-aware interaction mechanism, centralized message dissemination, and an interactive system .
Outcome: The proposed system simulates trending topics under poisoning attacks on social media platforms.
Unmasking Deceptive Visuals: Benchmarking Multimodal Large Language Models on Misleading Chart Question Answering (2025.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Misleading visualizations can distort perception and lead to incorrect conclusions.
Approach: They propose a large-scale multimodal dataset to evaluate MLLMs on misleading chart reasoning.
Outcome: The proposed framework evaluates MLLMs on misleading chart reasoning on a large-scale multimodal dataset spanning 21 misleader types and 10 chart types . it contains 3,026 curated examples spanning standard chart code, CSV data, multiple-choice questions, and labeled explanations, validated through iterative MLML checks and exhausted expert human review.
Reflection in the Dark: Exposing and Escaping the Black Box in Reflective Prompt Optimization (2026.acl-srw)

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Challenge: Automatic prompt optimization (APO) is a powerful paradigm for improving LLM performance without manual prompt engineering.
Approach: They propose a framework that decouples hypothesis generation from prompt rewriting . they propose VISTA framework that recovers accuracy to 87.57% on same defective seed .
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms baselines on GSM8K and AIME2025 on a defective seed.
FedDQC: Data Quality Control in Federated Instruction-tuning of Large Language Models (2025.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Federated Learning (FL) enables privacy-preserving collaborative instruction tuning of large language models.
Approach: They propose a federated instruction tuning framework with dynamic data quality control to solve this problem.
Outcome: The proposed framework improves performance on mixed-quality datasets on synthetic and real-world datasets.
Unlocking Anticipatory Text Generation: A Constrained Approach for Large Language Models Decoding (2024.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Large language models have shown a powerful ability for text generation, but undesired behaviors such as toxicity and hallucinations can manifest.
Approach: They propose to formalize text generation as a future-constrained generation problem to minimize undesirable behaviors and enforce faithfulness to instructions.
Outcome: The proposed approach is effective across three tasks, including keyword-constrained generation, toxicity reduction, and factual correctness in question-answering.

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