Challenge: In this paper, we focus on verbal MWEs, whose accurate recognition is challenging because they could be discontinuous.
Approach: They conduct large-scale annotations of VMWEs on the Wall Street Journal portion of Ontonotes . they first construct a VMwe dictionary based on the english-language Wiktionary .
Outcome: The proposed resource annotates 7,833 VMWE instances belonging to various categories . the authors hope the results will help to develop models for MWE recognition and dependency parsing .

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CoAM: Corpus of All-Type Multiword Expressions (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing datasets for multiword expressions are inconsistently annotated, limited to a single type of MWE, or limited in size.
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Verbal Multiword Expression Identification: Do We Need a Sledgehammer to Crack a Nut? (2020.coling-main)

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Challenge: Multiword expressions (MWEs) are word combinations idiosyncratic with respect to syntax or semantics.
Approach: They propose to use a language-independent system to identify previously seen VMWEs by combining filters to obtain the best averaged F-score over 11 languages and the best score for both seen and unseen VMwes.
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MultiMWE: Building a Multi-lingual Multi-Word Expression (MWE) Parallel Corpora (2020.lrec-1)

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Challenge: Existing bilingual or multi-lingual MWE corpora are limited for multilingual use . only 871 pairs of English-German MWEs are available for research .
Approach: They present a collection of bilingual and multi-lingual MWEs extracted from parallel corpora.
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Evaluating the Impact of Verbal Multiword Expressions on Machine Translation (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: Verbal multiword expressions (VMWEs) are difficult for machine translation because their meanings are often not recoverable from their component words.
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Dictionary-Aided Translation for Handling Multi-Word Expressions in Low-Resource Languages (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Multi-word expressions (MWEs) are a challenging task in natural language processing . they are defined as combinations of at least two words with distinct lexical, morphological, syntactic, semantic or statistical characteristics.
Approach: They propose a method leveraging an available out-of-context lexicon to improve translations . they propose to use a dictionary-aided translation to better translate multi-word expressions based on human annotations.
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Unsupervised Paraphrasing of Multiword Expressions (2023.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing methods for paraphrasing multiword expressions in context are unsupervised . multiwords are notoriously difficult to model because the meaning of the whole can diverge substantially from that of the component words.
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Cross-type French Multiword Expression Identification with Pre-trained Masked Language Models (2024.lrec-main)

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Challenge: Multiword expressions (MWEs) have linguistic features that distinguish them from regular word groupings.
Approach: They propose a combination of two systems that learn verbal multiword expressions and non-verbal MWEs to improve performance on a cross-type dataset .
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Detecting Multiword Expression Type Helps Lexical Complexity Assessment (2020.lrec-1)

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Challenge: Multiword expressions (MWEs) represent lexemes that should be treated as single lexical units due to their idiosyncratic nature.
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Towards a Variability Measure for Multiword Expressions (N18-2)

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Challenge: Multiword expressions (MWEs) are groups of words whose meaning does not derive from the meaning of their components and from their syntactic structure in a regular way.
Approach: They propose to use a language-independent measure of variability dedicated to verbal MWEs based on syntactic and discontinuity-related clues to assess its relevance with respect to a linguistic benchmark.
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If you’ve seen some, you’ve seen them all: Identifying variants of multiword expressions (C18-1)

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Challenge: Multiword expressions (VMWEs) show idiosyncratic variability, which is challenging for NLP applications.
Approach: They propose to use a model to identify variants of previously seen VMWEs by comparing VMWAs with morpho-syntactic variations.
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