| Challenge: | Quantification occurs in every sentence of written text or spoken discourse because application of a predicate to one or more sets of objects gives rise to questions of relative scope, of cardinality, and of distribution (or 'distributivity') of the predicacy over the sets of arguments. |
| Approach: | They propose an approach to the annotation of quantification that is being developed as part of an effort by the International Organisation for Standardisation ISO to define interoperable semantic annotation schemes. |
| Outcome: | The proposed scheme includes both count and mass NP quantifiers, as well as NPs with syntactically and semantically complex heads with internal quantification and scoping structures. |
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| Challenge: | ISO 24617-12 is a proposed new standard 1 for the annotation of quantification phenomena in natural language. |
| Approach: | This paper proposes an annotation scheme for quantification phenomena in natural language as part of the ISO Semantic Annotation Framework (ISO 24617) it combines ideas from the theory of generalised quantifiers, from neo-Davidsonian event semantics, and from Discourse Representation Theory. |
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Quantification Annotation in ISO 24617-12, Second Draft (2022.lrec-1)
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Harry Bunt, Maxime Amblard, Johan Bos, Karën Fort, Bruno Guillaume, Philippe de Groote, Chuyuan Li, Pierre Ludmann, Michel Musiol, Siyana Pavlova, Guy Perrier, Sylvain Pogodalla
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Universal Anaphora: The First Three Years (2024.lrec-main)
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Massimo Poesio, Maciej Ogrodniczuk, Vincent Ng, Sameer Pradhan, Juntao Yu, Nafise Sadat Moosavi, Silviu Paun, Amir Zeldes, Anna Nedoluzhko, Michal Novák, Martin Popel, Zdeněk Žabokrtský, Daniel Zeman
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| Challenge: | Using ISOCat successor solutions, annotation standards have been developed since 2010 . |
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Generalized Quantifiers as a Source of Error in Multilingual NLU Benchmarks (2022.naacl-main)
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| Challenge: | Quantifiers are pervasive in NLU benchmarks and their occurrence at test time is associated with performance drops. |
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Generics are not quantificational: A new path from language models to semantic theory (2026.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Generic sentences express generalizations that tolerate exceptions without explicitly communicating information about quantities. |
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Quantifying Generalizations: Exploring the Divide Between Human and LLMs’ Sensitivity to Quantification (2024.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Generics are expressions used to communicate abstractions about categories . they allow for exceptions, and they are a powerful way to express knowledge about the world . |
| Approach: | They examine how large language models interpret generics to understand their meanings . they find that the presence of a generic sentence as context influences quantifiers based on the generalization . |
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| Challenge: | a new annotation scheme and discourse-analytic method is developed for information structure annotation. |
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Interannotator Agreement for Lexico-Semantic Annotation of a Corpus (2020.lrec-1)
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| Challenge: | a method for lexico-semantic annotation of the Basic Corpus of Polish Metaphors is described . the procedure is composed of three steps: deciding whether a particular occurrence of a word is asemantics or strictly grammatical. |
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The Universal Anaphora Scorer (2022.lrec-1)
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| Challenge: | a new version of the Reference Coreference Scorer is proposed to evaluate anaphoric interpretations . the proposed approach to evaluation of split antecedent anaphorisms is entirely novel . |
| Approach: | They propose an extended version of the Reference Coreference Scorer to evaluate anaphoric interpretations . the UA scorer supports the evaluation of split antecedent anaphorisms and discourse deixis . |
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