Massimo Poesio, Maciej Ogrodniczuk, Vincent Ng, Sameer Pradhan, Juntao Yu, Nafise Sadat Moosavi, Silviu Paun, Amir Zeldes, Anna Nedoluzhko, Michal Novák, Martin Popel, Zdeněk Žabokrtský, Daniel Zeman
| Challenge: | Universal Anaphora initiative aims to push forward the state of the art in anaphora and anaphorism resolution by expanding the aspects of anaphonic interpretation which are or can be reliably annotated in an anagraphic corpora. |
| Approach: | They propose to develop a standard for anaphoric annotations and a method for evaluating models that can carry out this type of interpretation. |
| Outcome: | The Universal Anaphora initiative aims to push forward the state of the art in anaphora and anaphorism resolution by producing unified standards to annotate and encode annotations, delivering datasets encoded according to these standards, and developing methods for evaluating models that carry out this type of interpretation. |
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The Universal Anaphora Scorer (2022.lrec-1)
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| Challenge: | a new version of the Reference Coreference Scorer is proposed to evaluate anaphoric interpretations . the proposed approach to evaluation of split antecedent anaphorisms is entirely novel . |
| Approach: | They propose an extended version of the Reference Coreference Scorer to evaluate anaphoric interpretations . the UA scorer supports the evaluation of split antecedent anaphorisms and discourse deixis . |
| Outcome: | The proposed method can be used to evaluate anaphoric interpretations in an extended range of anas . it supports evaluations of split antecedent anaphorisms and discourse deixis, for which no tools exist . |
A Gold Anaphora Annotation Layer on an Eye Movement Corpus (L18-1)
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| Challenge: | Anaphora resolution is a complex process in which multiple linguistic factors play a role. |
| Approach: | They used annotated anaphorical pronouns from newspaper articles read by humans to model reading time of pronounes. |
| Outcome: | The proposed resource allows to study human anaphora resolution on natural data. |
Free the Plural: Unrestricted Split-Antecedent Anaphora Resolution (2020.coling-main)
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| Challenge: | a limitation of coreference resolution models is the focus on single-antecedent anaphors. |
| Approach: | They propose a model for unrestricted resolution of split-antecedent anaphors with multiple antecedents . they use auxiliary corpora where split-antcedent ananaphor was annotated by crowd . |
| Outcome: | The proposed model significantly improves on a baseline enhanced by BERT embeddings on anaphoric reference corpus. |
An Empirical Evaluation of Annotation Practices in Corpora from Language Documentation (2020.lrec-1)
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| Challenge: | Language documentation projects have produced substantial amounts of primary data from a wide variety of endangered languages. |
| Approach: | They propose to use common annotation conventions in existing corpora to facilitate their future processing. |
| Outcome: | The proposed formats are based on the common ELAN and Toolbox formats and are used to facilitate their future processing. |
A Repository of Corpora for Summarization (L18-1)
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| Challenge: | Summarization corpora are numerous but fragmented, making it difficult to pinpoint corporata best suited for a given summarization task. |
| Approach: | They propose a repository containing corpora available to train and evaluate automatic summarization systems. |
| Outcome: | The proposed system is based on a repository of corpora available for summarization tasks. |
Annotating Zero Anaphora for Question Answering (L18-1)
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| Challenge: | a large dataset of zero pronouns has been constructed to identify adjunct zero anaphoras . a lack of a dataset covering them has limited our ability to annotate them exhaustively . |
| Approach: | They propose to annotate adjuncts marked by -de in Japanese and a second scheme to annnotate them in a more direct manner. |
| Outcome: | The proposed annotation schemes are more accurate than the first one. |
A Brief Survey of Textual Dialogue Corpora (2022.lrec-1)
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| Challenge: | Several dialogue corpora are available for research purposes, but they do not cover all the necessities of real-world applications. |
| Approach: | They analyze available dialogue corpora and propose possible approaches to create new ones. |
| Outcome: | The proposed corpus of human-human dialogues is based on a list of available dialogue corpora . it covers speakers, size, languages, collection, annotations, and domains . some trends are identified and possible approaches are also discussed . |
Understanding Cross-Lingual Alignment—A Survey (2024.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Cross-lingual alignment is the meaningful similarity of representations across languages in multilingual language models. |
| Approach: | They propose a taxonomy of methods to improve cross-lingual alignment . they argue that an effective trade-off between language-neutral and language-specific information is key . |
| Outcome: | The proposed methods can be applied to encoder models and encoder-decoder-only models . they show that language-neutral and language-specific information is key . |
Proceedings of the Fourth Workshop on Discourse in Machine Translation (DiscoMT 2019) (D19-65)
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| Challenge: | . - (EN) |
| Approach: | . - (EN) |
| Outcome: | . - (EN) |
Bridging Resolution: A Survey of the State of the Art (2020.coling-main)
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| Challenge: | bridging resolution is an anaphora resolution task that is less studied than entity coreference resolution. |
| Approach: | This paper presents a survey of the current state of research on bridging resolution . it identifies and resolves bridling/associative anaphors, which are anamorphic references to non-identical associated antecedents. |
| Outcome: | The proposed task is more difficult than entity coreference resolution because of the lack of annotated corpora and lack of standardized evaluation protocols. |