Challenge: Existing methods to generate natural language for task-oriented dialogues lack naturalness and variation in language.
Approach: They propose a multi-task learning framework for natural language generation that explicitly targets for naturalness in generated responses via an unconditioned language model.
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms existing models across multiple datasets in the study of natural language generation.

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Challenge: In task-oriented dialogue systems, the role of the natural language generation component is to convert a system's intentions, called dialogue acts (DAs), into natural language utterances and to convey DAs accurately to users.
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Controlled Language Generation for Language Learning Items (2022.emnlp-industry)

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Challenge: Recent advances in pre-trained language models have resulted in success in generating fluent English text.
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Natural Language Processing for Multilingual Task-Oriented Dialogue (2022.acl-tutorials)

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Challenge: a tutorial will examine the challenges and gaps in multilingual ToD research . multilingual systems are difficult to build, and are limited to English and other languages .
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Outcome: This tutorial will provide an overview of current research gaps, challenges and initiatives related to multilingual ToD systems.
Dual Supervised Learning for Natural Language Understanding and Generation (P19-1)

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Challenge: Natural language understanding and natural language generation are important research topics in the NLP and dialogue fields.
Approach: They propose a dual-supervised learning framework for natural language understanding and generation on top of dual supervised learning.
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Few-shot Natural Language Generation for Task-Oriented Dialog (2020.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing methods for NLG depend on heavily annotated data, which is infeasible for new domains.
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Modelling Context Emotions using Multi-task Learning for Emotion Controlled Dialog Generation (2021.eacl-main)

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Challenge: Recent research has tackled this task using neural generative methods by augmenting emotion classes with the input sequences.
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Knowledge-Grounded Dialogue Generation with Pre-trained Language Models (2020.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Empirical results indicate that pre-trained language models can significantly outperform state-of-the-art methods in both automatic evaluation and human judgment.
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A Generative Model for Joint Natural Language Understanding and Generation (2020.acl-main)

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Challenge: Natural language understanding (NLU) and natural language generation (NLG) have opposite goals.
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Hello, It’s GPT-2 - How Can I Help You? Towards the Use of Pretrained Language Models for Task-Oriented Dialogue Systems (D19-56)

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Challenge: Statistical conversational systems are complex, timeintensive, expensive, and not easily transferable due to data scarcity.
Approach: They propose a task-oriented dialogue model that operates on text input . they validate it on multi-domain task-orientated dialogues from a multi-word dataset .
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Dual Inference for Improving Language Understanding and Generation (2020.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing studies have exploited the duality of the task pairs in machine translation and speech recognition.
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