Challenge: Existing studies focus on improving fusion strategies and modeling modality-to-label dependencies, but they overlook the impact of aleatoric uncertainty, which is inherent noise in multimodal data.
Approach: They propose a latent emotional distribution decomposition with uncertainty perception framework to model aleatoric uncertainty in multimodal data.
Outcome: The proposed framework achieves state-of-the-art performance on the CMU-MOSEI and M3ED datasets, highlighting the importance of uncertainty modeling in MMER.

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Challenge: Existing studies study sentiment and emotion separately and do not fully exploit the complementary knowledge behind the two.
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Challenge: Experimental results show that incorporating utterances without majority-agreed labels into an additional class reduces the classification performance of the other emotion classes.
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Challenge: Existing methods to identify emotions rely on a large modality gap in their representations .
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Challenge: Existing multimodal fusion models trained on full-modality samples fail when partial modalities are missing.
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Challenge: Existing studies focus on optimizing model structures to handle uncertain missingness, but models still face challenges when dealing with uncertain missing data.
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MPID: A Modality-Preserving and Interaction-Driven Fusion Network for Multimodal Sentiment Analysis (2025.coling-main)

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Challenge: Current methods for multimodal sensing analysis overlook nuanced differences and similarities across modalities, leading to potential biases.
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Challenge: Pre-trained language models (PLMs) have been used for text sentiment analysis but sentiment is hidden in other modalities.
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Towards Label-Agnostic Emotion Embeddings (2021.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing representation schemes for emotion analysis are based on label formats, natural languages, and even disparate model architectures.
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