Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) are becoming a fundamental tool for various natural language processing tasks due to commercial reasons, the potential risk of misuse and expensive tuning cost.
Approach: They propose a framework for constructing an effective LLM services invocation strategy that best meets task demands.
Outcome: The proposed framework classifies existing methods into four categories: input abstraction, semantic cache, solution design, and output enhancement, which can be used separately or jointly during the invocation life cycle.

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Challenge: Inference of LLMs incurs high computational costs, memory access overhead, and memory usage, leading to inefficiencies in terms of latency, throughput, power consumption, and storage.
Approach: This tutorial introduces the basics of efficient inference for LLMs and explains how to diagnose efficiency bottlenecks for a given workload on specific hardware.
Outcome: The tutorial introduces the basic concepts of modern LLMs, software and hardware.
Injecting Domain-Specific Knowledge into Large Language Models: A Comprehensive Survey (2025.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: specialized LLMs are often limited in domain-specific applications that require specialized knowledge.
Approach: They provide a comprehensive overview of four key methods to enhance large language models by integrating domain-specific knowledge.
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Current Advances in LLM Reasoning (2026.acl-tutorials)

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Challenge: This tutorial examines comprehensive evaluation strategies to assess the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs) advanced inference time methods and post-training methods that aim to make LLMs think more like humans are discussed in this tutorial.
Approach: This tutorial explores comprehensive evaluation strategies to assess the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs) and discusses two types of methods to improve models’ reasoning: advanced inference time methods, structured and self-improvement inference methods, and post-training methods, such as RLHF, DPO, and GRPO.
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Enhancing LLM Capabilities Beyond Scaling Up (2024.emnlp-tutorials)

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Challenge: general-purpose large language models (LLMs) are expanding in scale and access to unpublic training data.
Approach: This tutorial aims to examine the capabilities of general-purpose large language models . authors discuss adaptation of LLMs to address conflicts, defense against attacks .
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LLMs for Low Resource Languages in Multilingual, Multimodal and Dialectal Settings (2024.eacl-tutorials)

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Challenge: Recent advances in AI can be attributed to the remarkable performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) success of LLMs depends on specific training techniques, such as instruction tuning and prompting .
Approach: They explore the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in various tasks and languages . they also examine their performance, fine-tuning, instructions tuning, and close vs. open models .
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LLM Evaluate: An Industry-Focused Evaluation Tool for Large Language Models (2025.coling-industry)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capability to solve a wide range of tasks in recent years.
Approach: They propose to build an on-premise system for LLM evaluation to address the challenges in the evaluation of LLMs in real-world industrial settings.
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Navigating the Modern Evaluation Landscape: Considerations in Benchmarks and Frameworks for Large Language Models (LLMs) (2024.lrec-tutorials)

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Challenge: General-purpose Language Models have changed the world of Natural Language Processing, if not the world itself.
Approach: This tutorial will lay the foundations and explain the basics of evaluation and compare traditional methods to newly developed methods.
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Towards Effective and Efficient Multi-Agent Language Model Systems: Foundations, Prospects, and Applications (2026.acl-tutorials)

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Challenge: Multi-agent systems powered by large language models still face challenges . tutorial focuses on three core components to build effective and efficient systems .
Approach: This tutorial introduces recent advances in building effective and efficient multi-agent LLM systems . it focuses on three core components: model distillation, dynamic routing, memory- and compute efficient serving .
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ScaleLLM: A Resource-Frugal LLM Serving Framework by Optimizing End-to-End Efficiency (2024.emnlp-industry)

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Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) are widely used in commercial applications . low latency is crucial due to system latency, query concurrency, and computational resources constraints.
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On Evaluating LLMs’ Capabilities as Functional Approximators: A Bayesian Evaluation Framework (2025.coling-main)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized the way we can formulate tasks in text-in-text-out format.
Approach: They propose a new evaluation framework to comprehensively assess LLMs’ function modeling abilities by adopting a Bayesian perspective of function modeling.
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