Challenge: Neural text-to-speech (TTS) systems limited to predefined speaker styles or specific sets of speaker IDs.
Approach: They propose a network that can adapt adapter parameters to new speakers . they compare two domain adaptation settings and find it to be very efficient .
Outcome: The proposed Adapters improve speech synthesis performance on two domains and compare them with baselines.

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Challenge: Using adapters, unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) is more parameter efficient and requires large-scale data to be effective.
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Parameter-efficient Multi-task Fine-tuning for Transformers via Shared Hypernetworks (2021.acl-long)

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Challenge: State-of-the-art parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods rely on introducing adapter modules between the layers of a pretrained language model.
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Adapters: A Unified Library for Parameter-Efficient and Modular Transfer Learning (2023.emnlp-demo)

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Challenge: Adapters is an open-source library that unifies parameter-efficient and modular transfer learning in large language models.
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Multilingual Machine Translation with Hyper-Adapters (2022.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Multilingual machine translation suffers from negative interference across languages.
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HyperPELT: Unified Parameter-Efficient Language Model Tuning for Both Language and Vision-and-Language Tasks (2023.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Pretraining and fine-tuning are the dominant paradigms in natural language processing.
Approach: They propose a parameter-efficient multitask learning framework that takes trainable hyper-embeddings and visual modality as input and outputs weights for different modules in a pretrained language model.
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Hyperdecoders: Instance-specific decoders for multi-task NLP (2022.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Recent work in NLP has examined the performance of large pretrained transformer-based models in multi-task settings, where a single model is evaluated on multiple tasks simultaneously.
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LLM-Adapters: An Adapter Family for Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning of Large Language Models (2023.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) have shown unprecedented performance across various tasks.
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Example-based Hypernetworks for Multi-source Adaptation to Unseen Domains (2023.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: In order to achieve unprecedented performance, many out-of-distribution generalization approaches use unlabeled data from the target distribution.
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Lightweight Adapter Tuning for Multilingual Speech Translation (2021.acl-short)

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Challenge: Adapter tuning is an efficient alternative to fine-tuning in NLP . a multilingual model could be outperformed by its bilingual counterparts .
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BnTTS: Few-Shot Speaker Adaptation in Low-Resource Setting (2025.findings-naacl)

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Challenge: Empirical evaluations in few-shot settings show that BnTTS significantly improves the naturalness, intelligibility, and speaker fidelity of synthesized Bangla speech.
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