| Challenge: | Existing text generation methods use autoregressive (AR) methods, which generate tokens one by one, but are time-consuming. |
| Approach: | They propose an efficient model FMSeq which utilizes flow matching to straighten the generation path, thereby enabling fast sampling for diffusion-based seq2seq text generation. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model generates comparable quality to the SOTA diffusion-based DiffuSeq in just 10 steps, achieving a 200-fold speedup. |
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Flow Matching for Conditional Text Generation in a Few Sampling Steps (2024.eacl-short)
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| Challenge: | Current diffusion models face multiple drawbacks including slow sampling, noise schedule sensitivity, and misalignment between training and sampling stages. |
| Approach: | They propose a method which leverages flow matching for conditional text generation. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method can generate text in a few steps by training with a novel anchor loss, alleviating the need for expensive hyperparameter optimization of the noise schedule prevalent in diffusion models. |
DiffuSeq-v2: Bridging Discrete and Continuous Text Spaces for Accelerated Seq2Seq Diffusion Models (2023.findings-emnlp)
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| Challenge: | Existing approaches to text generation use discrete text within a continuous diffusion space, which incurs substantial computational overhead during training and results in slower sampling speeds. |
| Approach: | They propose a soft absorbing state that facilitates diffusion models in learning to reconstruct discrete mutations based on the underlying Gaussian space. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method accelerates training convergence by 4x and generates samples of similar quality 800x faster, rendering it closer to practical application. |
Text Diffusion Model with Encoder-Decoder Transformers for Sequence-to-Sequence Generation (2024.naacl-long)
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| Challenge: | Existing diffusion models are applied to continuous feature space while texts are sequences of discrete categorical tokens. |
| Approach: | They propose to use an encoder-decoder Transformer architecture to approach sequence-to-sequence text generation. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model improves on five sequence-to-sequence generation tasks compared to other diffusion-based models regarding text quality and inference time. |
FlashAudio: Rectified Flow for Fast and High-Fidelity Text-to-Audio Generation (2025.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Recent advances in latent diffusion models (LDMs) have markedly enhanced text-to-audio generation, yet their iterative sampling processes impose substantial computational demands, limiting practical deployment. |
| Approach: | They propose to learn straight flow for fast simulation by using flashAudio with rectified flows and immiscible flow to minimize the total distance of data-noise pairs in a batch vias assignment. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method can learn straight flow for fast simulations and reduce noise distribution. |
Can Diffusion Model Achieve Better Performance in Text Generation ? Bridging the Gap between Training and Inference ! (2023.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Existing models for text generation use a discrete data embedding module to map the data into the continuous space. |
| Approach: | They propose two methods to bridge the gap between training and inference by mapping the discrete text into the continuous space. |
| Outcome: | The proposed methods can achieve 100 200 speedup with better performance on 6 generation tasks. |
Few-shot Temporal Pruning Accelerates Diffusion Models for Text Generation (2024.lrec-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing acceleration methods for text generation ignore the importance of the distribution of sampling steps, resulting in slow sampling rates. |
| Approach: | They propose a technique to accelerate diffusion models for text generation without additional training by using a Bayesian optimization approach. |
| Outcome: | The proposed technique achieves 400x acceleration even with minimal sampling steps after down to less than 1 minute of optimization yielding a competitive performance even with minimum sampling steps. |
Text Generation with Text-Editing Models (2022.naacl-tutorials)
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Eric Malmi, Yue Dong, Jonathan Mallinson, Aleksandr Chuklin, Jakub Adamek, Daniil Mirylenka, Felix Stahlberg, Sebastian Krause, Shankar Kumar, Aliaksei Severyn
| Challenge: | Text-editing models are a popular alternative to seq2seq for monolingual text generation tasks such as text summarization and style transfer. |
| Approach: | They propose to use text-editing models to predict edit operations applied to the source sequence and to generate outputs word-by-word from scratch. |
| Outcome: | This paper provides an overview of the text-edit based models and their current state-of-the-art approaches. |
DrDiff: Dynamic Routing Diffusion with Hierarchical Attention for Breaking the Efficiency-Quality Trade-off (2025.emnlp-main)
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Jusheng Zhang, Yijia Fan, Kaitong Cai, Zimeng Huang, Xiaofei Sun, Jian Wang, Chengpei Tang, Keze Wang
| Challenge: | et al., 2019; Brown e.t al, 2023; Touvron e t al; 2024; OpenAI, 2024) Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in knowledge encoding and contextual understanding during their pretraining phase. |
| Approach: | They propose a dynamic expert scheduling mechanism that allocates computational resources based on text complexity and a hierarchical sparse attention mechanism that adjusts attention patterns according to a variety of input lengths. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework overpowers existing methods on long-text generation benchmarks. |
Segment-Level Diffusion: A Framework for Controllable Long-Form Generation with Diffusion Language Models (2025.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Diffusion models have shown promise in text generation, but often struggle with generating long, coherent, and contextually accurate text. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework that enhances diffusion-based text generation through text segmentation, robust representation training with adversarial and contrastive learning, and improved latent-space guidance. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework improves diffusion-based text generation and improves scalability and fluency. |
FastSeq: Make Sequence Generation Faster (2021.acl-demo)
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Yu Yan, Fei Hu, Jiusheng Chen, Nikhil Bhendawade, Ting Ye, Yeyun Gong, Nan Duan, Desheng Cui, Bingyu Chi, Ruofei Zhang
| Challenge: | Transformer-based models have made tremendous impact in natural language generation, but inference speed is still a bottleneck due to large model size and intensive computing involved in auto-regressive decoding process. |
| Approach: | They propose an attention cache optimization, an efficient algorithm for detecting repeated n-grams, and an asynchronous generation pipeline with parallel I/O to accelerate sequence generation without loss of accuracy. |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework can accelerate the sequence generation by 4x to 9x with a simple one-line code change for a set of widely used and diverse models. |