Challenge: Recent advances in large language models have been remarkable . users face a choice between using cloud-based LLMs for generation quality or local-based ones for lower computational cost .
Approach: They propose a new LLM utilization paradigm that facilitates collaborative operation . they evaluate AdaSwitch across 7 benchmarks and compare it to other LLMs .
Outcome: The proposed model improves performance of local and cloud agents across 7 benchmarks . it achieves competitive results compared to the cloud agent while utilizing less computational overhead.

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing with impressive capabilities, but they lack domain specificity, real-time information and face challenges in solving specialized problems.
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Enhancing Open-Domain Task-Solving Capability of LLMs via Autonomous Tool Integration from GitHub (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing approaches lack flexibility to address diverse and ever-evolving user queries in open domains.
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Towards large language model-based personal agents in the enterprise: Current trends and open problems (2023.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing large language models (LLMs) are brittle to input changes and can produce inconsistent results for the same inputs.
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Harnessing Large Language Models as Post-hoc Correctors (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated their effectiveness in a wide range of tasks, including machine translation and commonsense reasoning.
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Towards Effective and Efficient Multi-Agent Language Model Systems: Foundations, Prospects, and Applications (2026.acl-tutorials)

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Challenge: Multi-agent systems powered by large language models still face challenges . tutorial focuses on three core components to build effective and efficient systems .
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Rethinking Scale: Deployment Trade-offs of Small Language Models under Agent Paradigms (2026.acl-industry)

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Challenge: Existing research focuses on enhancing large language models through scaling laws or fine-tuning strategies, but ignores the potential of using agent paradigms to compensate for the inherent weaknesses of small models.
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ManuSearch: Democratizing Deep Search in Large Language Models with a Transparent and Open Multi-Agent Framework (2025.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing systems with opaque architectures are limiting deep search capabilities for web-augmented large language models.
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TinyAgent: Function Calling at the Edge (2024.emnlp-demo)

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Challenge: Recent large language models (LLMs) have enabled the development of advanced agentic systems that can integrate various tools and APIs to fulfill user queries.
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AgentGym: Evaluating and Training Large Language Model-based Agents across Diverse Environments (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) are promising foundations to build generally-capable agents . however, the community lacks a unified interactive framework that covers diverse environments for comprehensive evaluation of agents.
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AMAS: Adaptively Determining Communication Topology for LLM-based Multi-agent System (2025.emnlp-industry)

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Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing, but their practical implementation as autonomous multi-agent systems remains fraught with unresolved challenges.
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