Challenge: Autoformalization is the task of automatically translating mathematical content written in natural language to a formal language expression.
Approach: They propose to use three mechanisms to improve autoformalization quality . they propose to combine most-similar retrieval augmented generation, denoising steps and auto-correction with syntax error feedback to improve syntactic, terminological and semantic control.
Outcome: The proposed mechanisms can deliver syntactically, terminologically and semantically more consistent results across different models.

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Autoformalization in the Wild: Assessing LLMs on Real-World Mathematical Definitions (2025.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential in assisting with mathematical reasoning on different downstream tasks.
Approach: They propose two new tools for autoformalizing real-world mathematical definitions from Wikipedia and arXiv papers.
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MASA: LLM-Driven Multi-Agent Systems for Autoformalization (2025.emnlp-demos)

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Challenge: This paper presents a framework for building multi-agent systems for autoformalization driven by Large Language Models.
Approach: They propose a framework for building multi-agent systems for autoformalization driven by Large Language Models.
Outcome: The proposed framework leverages collaborative agents to convert natural language statements into formal representations.
Improving Autoformalization Using Direct Dependency Retrieval (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing methods for hallucinate formal dependencies lack scalability and precision to leverage ever-growing public datasets.
Approach: They propose a retrieval-augmented framework based on Direct Dependency Retrieval to generate formal dependencies from natural-language mathematical descriptions and verify their existence via an efficient Suffix Array Check (SAC).
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AutoAlign: Get Your LLM Aligned with Minimal Annotations (2025.acl-demo)

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Challenge: Automated Alignment (ALM) is a set of algorithms designed to align Large Language Models (LLMs) with human intentions and values while minimizing manual intervention.
Approach: They propose an open-source toolkit that integrates mainstream automated algorithms through a consistent interface and an accessible workflow supporting one-click execution for prompt synthesis and automatic alignment signal construction.
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TEaR: Improving LLM-based Machine Translation with Systematic Self-Refinement (2025.findings-naacl)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive results in Machine Translation (MT). human evaluations reveal that LLM-generated translations still contain various errors.
Approach: They propose a LLM-based self-refinement framework that feeds error information back into LLMs to facilitate self-finement, leading to enhanced translation quality.
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Enabling Large Language Models to Generate Text with Citations (2023.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing work relies on commercial search engines and human evaluation, making it difficult to reproduce and compare different modeling approaches.
Approach: They propose a new generation paradigm that requires large language models to provide citations to one or a few text passages for any statement they generate.
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Contextual Refinement of Translations: Large Language Models for Sentence and Document-Level Post-Editing (2024.naacl-long)

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Challenge: Large language models have demonstrated considerable success in various natural language processing tasks, but their performance in NMT tasks is still underexplored.
Approach: They propose to use LLMs as automatic post-editors rather than direct translators to improve BLEU and COMET performance.
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Faithful and Robust LLM-Driven Theorem Proving for NLI Explanations (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: Recent work has shown that the interaction of large language models (LLMs) with theorem provers (TPs) can help verify and improve the validity of NLI explanations.
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What Does LLM Refinement Actually Improve? A Systematic Study on Document-Level Literary Translation (2026.acl-long)

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Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) have made document-level machine translation increasingly practical, enabled by long-context modeling and strong generation quality.
Approach: They propose to use document-level MT followed by segment-level refinement to find the strongest and most stable improvements across six LLMs and seven language pairs.
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LLMs for Mathematical Modeling: Towards Bridging the Gap between Natural and Mathematical Languages (2025.findings-naacl)

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Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance across various natural language processing tasks, but their proficiency in mathematical reasoning remains a key challenge.
Approach: They propose a process-oriented framework to evaluate LLMs' ability to construct mathematical models, using solvers to compare outputs with ground truth.
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