Challenge: Document-level neural machine translation (DNMT) models incorporate context information through increased maximum lengths of source and target sentences.
Approach: They propose a sliding decoding strategy that limits the length of target sentences . they propose 'length-normalized attention mechanism' to aid the model in focusing on target information .
Outcome: The proposed method can achieve state-of-the-art results on open datasets.

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Modeling Context With Linear Attention for Scalable Document-Level Translation (2022.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Document-level machine translation models lack quadratic complexity in the sequence length due to their attention layers.
Approach: They evaluate a recent linear attention model with a sentential gate to promote a recency inductive bias and compare it to open-source document translation.
Outcome: The proposed model significantly improves translation quality on IWSLT 2015 and OpenSubtitles 2018 with similar or better BLEU scores.
A Simple and Effective Approach to Coverage-Aware Neural Machine Translation (P18-2)

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Challenge: Neural Machine Translation (NMT) models are used to solve translation problems using long-term models.
Approach: They propose a method to seek a better balance between model confidence and length preference for Neural Machine Translation.
Outcome: The proposed model improves on Chinese-English and English-German translation tasks.
Rethinking Document-level Neural Machine Translation (2022.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Neural machine translation models are weak enough for document-level translation . current models only translate sentences individually, resulting in poor document coherence .
Approach: They propose to use the original Transformer model to test document-level neural machine translation . they find that the original transformer models can achieve strong results for document translation if trained properly .
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G-Transformer for Document-Level Machine Translation (2021.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing work extends translation unit from single sentence to multiple sentences.
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Long-Short Term Masking Transformer: A Simple but Effective Baseline for Document-level Neural Machine Translation (2020.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Recent advances in deep learning have led to significant improvement of document-level neural machine translation (NMT).
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Multi-Sentence Resampling: A Simple Approach to Alleviate Dataset Length Bias and Beam-Search Degradation (2021.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Neural Machine Translation suffers from a beam-search problem after a certain point, especially for long sentences.
Approach: They propose a data augmentation technique that concatenates several sentences from the original dataset to make a long training example.
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On Length Divergence Bias in Textual Matching Models (2022.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing deep models have been successful in textual matching tasks, but it is unclear whether they understand language or measure semantic similarity of texts.
Approach: They propose an adversarial evaluation scheme which invalidates the length divergence bias in TM datasets.
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Scaling Law for Document Neural Machine Translation (2023.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Neural machine translation (NMT) methods fail to capture discourse phenomena such as pronominal anaphora, lexical consistency, and document coherence as the input text exceeds a single sentence.
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In-Context Learning (and Unlearning) of Length Biases (2025.naacl-long)

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Challenge: Existing work has demonstrated the ability of large language models to learn lexical and label biases in-context negatively impacts performance and robustness of models.
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Document Flattening: Beyond Concatenating Context for Document-Level Neural Machine Translation (2023.eacl-main)

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Challenge: Existing document-level neural machine translation systems concatenate several consecutive sentences to form a pseudo-document, and then learn inter-sentential dependencies.
Approach: They propose a document flattening technique that integrates Flat-Batch Attention (FBA) and Neural Context Gate (NCG) into Transformer model to utilize information beyond the pseudo-document boundaries.
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