Challenge: masked language models produce stronger correlations than auto-regressive models, but humans and models make different response selection mistakes.
Approach: They propose to use spoken conversation as a model to measure human comprehension behaviour.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms the model which produces the strongest correlation with human responses.

Similar Papers

Do LLMs Understand Dialogues? A Case Study on Dialogue Acts (2025.acl-long)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance on many unseen tasks in a zero-shot setting.
Approach: They propose to identify three key pre-tasks essential for accurate DA prediction: Turn Management, Communicative Function Identification, and Dialogue Structure Prediction.
Outcome: The proposed model fails to outperform basic rule-based tasks on three key pre-tasks, and the results suggest that the model is flawed.
Understanding Cross-Lingual Alignment—A Survey (2024.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Cross-lingual alignment is the meaningful similarity of representations across languages in multilingual language models.
Approach: They propose a taxonomy of methods to improve cross-lingual alignment . they argue that an effective trade-off between language-neutral and language-specific information is key .
Outcome: The proposed methods can be applied to encoder models and encoder-decoder-only models . they show that language-neutral and language-specific information is key .
Real or Robotic? Assessing Whether LLMs Accurately Simulate Qualities of Human Responses in Human-LLM Dialogue (2026.findings-acl)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent work has sought to use large language models to simulate human-human and human-LLM interactions.
Approach: They use a large-scale dataset to generate a paired LLM-LLM and human-LLm dialogues from the WildChat dataset and quantify how well they align with their human counterparts.
Outcome: The proposed models perform similarly in simulating English, Chinese, and Russian dialogues.
Predicting Reference: What do Language Models Learn about Discourse Models? (2020.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: a growing literature that probes neural language models to assess their latent acquisition of grammatical knowledge has not investigated their acquisition of discourse modeling ability.
Approach: They draw on a psycholinguistic literature that has established how different contexts affect referential biases concerning who is likely to be referred to next.
Outcome: The proposed models do not resemble human language users, the authors show . their models capture the linguistic knowledge required to perform discourse modeling .
Can Visual Dialogue Models Do Scorekeeping? Exploring How Dialogue Representations Incrementally Encode Shared Knowledge (2022.acl-short)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing evaluation methods for visual dialogue models are not consistent .
Approach: They propose a theory-based evaluation method to examine to what degree visual dialogue models incrementally build up representations that do scorekeeping.
Outcome: The proposed method aims to determine to what degree models build up representations that are appropriate to do scorekeeping of shared commitments throughout a visual dialogue.
How to Represent Context Better? An Empirical Study on Context Modeling for Multi-turn Response Selection (2022.findings-emnlp)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Existing work on building a conversational system for open domain human-machine conversation is attracting more attention . early models concatenate all utterances or independently encode each dialogue turn, which may lead to an inadequate understanding of dialogue status.
Approach: They propose to use a turn-aware context modeling layer to adapt existing models . they propose to model multi-turn contexts from the perspective of sequential relationship, local relationship, and query-alike manner .
Outcome: The proposed method can be adapted to several advanced response selection models.
Can LLMs Understand the Implication of Emphasized Sentences in Dialogue? (2024.findings-emnlp)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Emphasis is a crucial component in human communication, which indicates speaker’s intention and implication beyond pure text in dialogue.
Approach: They propose a benchmark dataset with annotated dialogue samples capturing the implications of emphasis.
Outcome: The proposed evaluation pipeline achieves high correlation with human scoring and commercial LLMs perform better than open-source LLM.
How Can We Know When Language Models Know? On the Calibration of Language Models for Question Answering (2021.tacl-1)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent studies have shown that language models capture different types of knowledge regarding facts or commonsense knowledge.
Approach: They examine how language models can be calibrated to make their confidence scores correlate better with the likelihood of correctness.
Outcome: The proposed calibration methods improve confidence scores on QA tasks and improve accuracy.
Seeing Through Words, Speaking Through Pixels: Deep Representational Alignment Between Vision and Language Models (2025.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Recent studies show that deep vision-only and language-only models project inputs into a partially aligned representational space.
Approach: They investigate whether a model's representational code is semantically shared . they find that alignment peaks in mid-to-late layers of both model types .
Outcome: a forced-choice "Pick-a-Pic" task shows human preferences for image-caption matches are mirrored in embedding spaces across vision-language model pairs.
To Mask or to Mirror: Human-AI Alignment in Collective Reasoning (2025.emnlp-main)

Copied to clipboard

Challenge: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to model and augment collective decision-making.
Approach: They propose a framework for assessing collective alignment using the Lost at Sea social psychology task.
Outcome: The proposed framework compares LLMs with human-AI alignment on the Lost at Sea social psychology task.

What is GenGO?

GenGO is an NLP powered publication search system. It currenctly indexes 30k+ papers from ACL Anthology, and implements multi-aspect summarization, semantic search, and more!

Information

About
Limitations