Challenge: a comprehensive evaluation of QM models should be conducted on natural texts, not on artificial adversarial examples . ral models are often not robust to adversarials, which means they predict unexpected outputs .
Approach: They use a Chinese dataset to evaluate the robustness of QM models . they show that the effect of artificial adversarial examples does not work on natural texts .
Outcome: The proposed model is more robust than other models on natural questions with 32 linguistic perturbations.

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Challenge: Current robustness evaluation methods rely on static synthetic perturbations to stress-test models.
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A Novel Metric for Measuring the Robustness of Large Language Models in Non-adversarial Scenarios (2024.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Using large language models, we evaluated their robustness on multiple datasets.
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Challenge: a recent study has shown that large language models can produce harmful responses, exposing users to unexpected risks.
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Double Perturbation: On the Robustness of Robustness and Counterfactual Bias Evaluation (2021.naacl-main)

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Challenge: Recent studies show that NLP models are vulnerable to adversarial perturbations such as synonym substitutions or syntax-guided paraphrasing.
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Robustness Evaluation of the German Extractive Question Answering Task (2025.coling-main)

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Challenge: Existing evaluation benchmarks for Question Answering systems only include EM and F1 scores, but they overlook critical factors for the deployment of QA systems.
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Challenge: Current frontier models sometimes generate false outputs or answers that are not substantiated by evidence.
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RobuT: A Systematic Study of Table QA Robustness Against Human-Annotated Adversarial Perturbations (2023.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing Table QA models are vulnerable to task-specific perturbations, such as replacing key question entities or shuffling table columns.
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DuReader_robust: A Chinese Dataset Towards Evaluating Robustness and Generalization of Machine Reading Comprehension in Real-World Applications (2021.acl-short)

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Challenge: In order to comprehensively verify the robustness and generalization of MRC models, we construct a real-world Chinese dataset - DuReader_robust .
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Perturbation CheckLists for Evaluating NLG Evaluation Metrics (2021.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing evaluation metrics for natural language generation are inadequate . existing metrics are not robust against simple perturbations and disagree with scores assigned by humans to perturbed output.
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