Challenge: Existing methods to handle long text are limited due to time and memory complexity and limited input lengths.
Approach: They propose a multi-stage split-then-summarize framework for long input summarization . their framework can process input text of arbitrary length by adjusting the number of stages .
Outcome: The proposed framework outperforms existing methods on three long meeting summarization datasets and on a long document summarizing dataset.

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An Exploratory Study on Long Dialogue Summarization: What Works and What’s Next (2021.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing models for dialogue summarization focus on extracting the main events of short conversations, but real-world dialogues are difficult to train.
Approach: They propose three strategies to deal with the lengthy input problem and locate relevant information using long dialogue datasets.
Outcome: The retrieve-then-summarize pipeline models yield the best performance on three long dialogue datasets.
Improving Long Dialogue Summarization with Semantic Graph Representation (2023.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Existing algorithms for abstractive summarization of short dialogues are challenging . however, they can generate high-quality summaries for long dialogues .
Approach: They propose an algorithm that processes complete dialogues into topic-segment-level Abstract Meaning Representation graphs . they propose a pretrained LLM that exploits the text to leverage graph semantics a new text-graph attention .
Outcome: The proposed algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art models on multiple long dialogue summarization datasets . it also generates additional training signals that facilitate graph feature encoding and content selection.
Narrate Dialogues for Better Summarization (2022.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Recent work on dialogue summarization models focuses on generating concise summaries for multi-party dialogues.
Approach: They propose several ways to convert dialogue into a third-person narrative style . they propose to use narration as a valuable annotation for LLMs .
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LLM×MapReduce: Simplified Long-Sequence Processing using Large Language Models (2025.acl-long)

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Challenge: Existing studies have focused on extending the context length of large language models (LLMs) due to their quadratic computational complexity and a lack of high-quality long training examples, most LLMs are trained with a limited window size.
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CNNSum: Exploring Long-Context Summarization with Large Language Models in Chinese Novels (2025.findings-acl)

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Challenge: Currently, long-context summarization mainly relies on memory ability.
Approach: They propose a multi-scale long-context summarization benchmark based on Chinese novels . they use human-driven annotations to analyze long-constituency models .
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Extractive Summarization of Long Documents by Combining Global and Local Context (D19-1)

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Challenge: Existing methods for extractive and abstractive summarization are far from human performance.
Approach: They propose a neural single-document extractive summarization model for long documents that incorporates both the global context of the whole document and the local context.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms previous models on ROUGE-1, ROUGEE-2 and METEOR scores on two datasets of scientific papers.
MemSum: Extractive Summarization of Long Documents Using Multi-Step Episodic Markov Decision Processes (2022.acl-long)

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Challenge: MemSum is a reinforcement-learning-based extractive summarizer that considers the text content of the sentence, the global context of the rest of the document, and the extraction history of the sentences that have already been extracted.
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Summarize, Outline, and Elaborate: Long-Text Generation via Hierarchical Supervision from Extractive Summaries (2022.coling-1)

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Challenge: Existing models focus on local word prediction, and cannot make high level plans on what to generate.
Approach: They propose a pipelined system that summarises, outlines and elaborates on each bullet point to generate the corresponding segment.
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Hierarchical3D Adapters for Long Video-to-text Summarization (2023.findings-eacl)

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Challenge: a recent study shows that multimodal summarization is not efficient for long inputs and outputs.
Approach: They extend a TV episode transcript summarization dataset and create a multimodal variant by collecting full-length videos.
Outcome: The proposed model can be tuned to perform multimodal summarization tasks efficiently using adapter modules augmented with a hierarchical structure while tuning only 3.8% of model parameters.
SumSurvey: An Abstractive Dataset of Scientific Survey Papers for Long Document Summarization (2024.findings-acl)

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Challenge: a growing need for long document summarization datasets with 16k input is causing problems.
Approach: They propose to use a dataset to analyze salient information in long document summarizations.
Outcome: The proposed dataset outperforms existing models and LLMs in the distribution form of salient information and the distribution of salinal information is an indicator of quality.

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