Challenge: Existing methods for dialogue generation use an external knowledge base to generate appropriate responses.
Approach: They propose to use an external knowledge base to generate appropriate responses for unseen entities.
Outcome: Experiments on two dialogue corpus show that pre-trained models perform poorly with unseen entities.

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Knowledge-Grounded Dialogue Generation with Pre-trained Language Models (2020.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Empirical results indicate that pre-trained language models can significantly outperform state-of-the-art methods in both automatic evaluation and human judgment.
Approach: They propose to equip a pre-trained language model with a knowledge selection module to generate knowledge-grounded dialogues.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art methods in evaluation and human judgment.
Unseen Entity Handling in Complex Question Answering over Knowledge Base via Language Generation (2021.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing methods for complex question answering are limited in the search space of all possible relation paths.
Approach: They propose a method that directly generates an executable SPARQL query without simplification.
Outcome: The proposed method significantly outperforms the previous methods and has higher interpretability and computational efficiency than the previous ones.
Bridging the Gap between Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning for Commonsense Generation (2023.findings-eacl)

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Challenge: Existing methods focusing on this task usually concatenate the concatened concepts words as the inputs of a pre-trained language model (PLM) however, in pre-training, the input is often corrupted sentences with correct word order.
Approach: They propose a two-stage framework to improve the ability of pre-trained language models to deal with masked sentences with incorrect word order and a special token to make the input distribution more similar to the one used in pre-training.
Outcome: The proposed method is able to generate a sentence containing all given concepts and correctly describe the relations between concepts.
Efficient Latent Variable Modeling for Knowledge-Grounded Dialogue Generation (2023.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing knowledge-grounded dialogue generation algorithms require annotated knowledge to generate a response grounded on the retrieved knowledge.
Approach: They propose an efficient algorithm for latent variable modeling that leverages large amount of dialogue data.
Outcome: The proposed algorithm outperforms the supervised learning algorithm on knowledge-grounded dialogue datasets while maintaining efficiency and scalability.
Stylized Dialogue Generation with Feature-Guided Knowledge Augmentation (2023.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Existing methods synthesize pseudo data through back translation but lack guidance on target style features.
Approach: They propose a knowledge-augmented stylized dialogue generation model with a feature-guided style knowledge selection module that utilizes context and response features.
Outcome: The proposed model produces a satisfactory performance on two public benchmarks on both semantic and stylized levels.
EARL: Informative Knowledge-Grounded Conversation Generation with Entity-Agnostic Representation Learning (2021.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: Existing knowledge-grounded conversation models lack knowledge that occurs in training data, resulting in incomplete knowledge generation.
Approach: They propose an Entity-Agnostic Representation Learning method to introduce knowledge graphs to informative conversation generation using context of conversations and relational structure of knowledge graph.
Outcome: The proposed model generates more informative, coherent, and natural responses than baseline models.
A Knowledge-Enhanced Pretraining Model for Commonsense Story Generation (2020.tacl-1)

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Challenge: Existing models for story generation suffer from repetition, logic conflicts, and lack of long-range coherence .
Approach: They propose to utilize commonsense knowledge from external knowledge bases to generate reasonable stories by multi-task learning.
Outcome: The proposed model can generate more reasonable stories than state-of-the-art models, compared with existing models, showing that it can capture useful semantic and syntactic features.
Referring to what you know and do not know: Making Referring Expression Generation Models Generalize To Unseen Entities (2020.coling-main)

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Challenge: Data-to-text Natural Language Generation (NLG) is a computational process of generating natural language from non-linguistic data.
Approach: They propose two extensions to a state-of-the-art encoder-decoder REG model that generates referring expressions to unseen entities.
Outcome: The proposed model generates more meaningful referring expressions to unseen entities than the original system and related work.
How Much Knowledge Can You Pack Into the Parameters of a Language Model? (2020.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: In this paper, we show that large neural language models trained on unstructured text can attain competitive results on open-domain question answering benchmarks without access to external knowledge.
Approach: They propose to fine-tune pre-trained neural language models to answer questions without external knowledge . they show that this approach scales with model size and performs competitively .
Outcome: The proposed approach scales with model size and performs competitively with open-domain systems that explicitly retrieve answers from an external knowledge source when answering questions.
Tri-Train: Automatic Pre-Fine Tuning between Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning for SciNER (2020.findings-emnlp)

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Challenge: Pre-training a language model by self-supervised tasks on huge datasets and fine-tuning with small labelled data are often inadequate for scientific NER tasks.
Approach: They propose to introduce a "pre-fine tuning" step between pre-training and fine-tuning to construct a corpus by selecting sentences from unlabeled documents that are the most relevant with labelled training data.
Outcome: The proposed approach improves on seven benchmarks on the performance of the proposed model on labelled datasets.

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