Challenge: Lectures translation is a case of spoken language translation and there is nil available corpus for this purpose.
Approach: They propose a framework for mining a parallel corpus from publicly available lectures at Coursera . they use machine translation and cosine similarity over continuous-space sentence representations to determine sentence alignments .
Outcome: The proposed framework improves translation performance when used with out-of-domain parallel corpora . it also addresses noise in the mined data, and creates high-quality evaluation splits .

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Exploiting Multilingualism through Multistage Fine-Tuning for Low-Resource Neural Machine Translation (D19-1)

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Challenge: Using multi-parallel corpora for transfer learning is a useful technique for low-resource NMT.
Approach: They compare multi-parallel corpora for transfer learning in a low-resource setting . their results show that multi-paralleled corpors are extremely useful .
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A Recipe of Parallel Corpora Exploitation for Multilingual Large Language Models (2025.findings-naacl)

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Challenge: Recent studies have highlighted the potential of exploiting parallel corpora to enhance multilingual large language models.
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Filtering and Mining Parallel Data in a Joint Multilingual Space (P18-2)

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Challenge: Using a cosine distance in a joint multilingual sentence embedding, we filter out noisy parallel data and mine for bitexts in large news collections.
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JParaCrawl: A Large Scale Web-Based English-Japanese Parallel Corpus (2020.lrec-1)

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Challenge: Recent machine translation algorithms rely on parallel corpora, but only some resource-rich language pairs can benefit from them.
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Word Alignment by Fine-tuning Embeddings on Parallel Corpora (2021.eacl-main)

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Challenge: Existing work on word alignment has focused on unsupervised learning on parallel text.
Approach: They propose to combine pre-trained contextualized word embeddings with multilingually trained language models to achieve competitive results on word alignment tasks.
Outcome: The proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art models on five language pairs and can train multilingual word aligners that can obtain robust performance on different language pairs.
Margin-based Parallel Corpus Mining with Multilingual Sentence Embeddings (P19-1)

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Challenge: Traditional parallel corpus mining methods focus on the textual content instead of the size and quality of training data.
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Outcome: The proposed method outperforms the best published methods on the BUCC mining task and the UN reconstruction task by more than 10 F1 and 30 precision points.
BanglaSTEM: A Parallel Corpus and Term-Weighted Evaluation for Technical Bangla-English Translation (2026.acl-srw)

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Challenge: Large language models excel at technical problem solving in English but struggle when questions are posed in Bangla.
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Quality Does Matter: A Detailed Look at the Quality and Utility of Web-Mined Parallel Corpora (2024.eacl-long)

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Challenge: Existing web-mined corpora for low-resource languages have serious quality issues, especially for lowresource language pairs.
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Not Low-Resource Anymore: Aligner Ensembling, Batch Filtering, and New Datasets for Bengali-English Machine Translation (2020.emnlp-main)

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Challenge: despite being the seventh most widely spoken language, Bengali has received little attention in machine translation due to being low in resources.
Approach: They propose a customized sentence segmenter for Bengali and two new methods for parallel corpus creation on low-resource setups.
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Unsupervised Bitext Mining and Translation via Self-Trained Contextual Embeddings (2020.tacl-1)

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Challenge: Existing methods to extract parallel sentences from unaligned text yield surprisingly good results.
Approach: They propose an unsupervised method to create pseudo-parallel corpora for machine translation (MT) from unaligned text using multilingual BERT to create source and target sentence embeddings for nearest-neighbor search and adapt the model via self-training.
Outcome: The proposed method outperforms existing methods and outperformed previous state-of-the-art methods by boosting translation performance by up to 3.5 BLEU on the WMT’14 French-English and WMT'16 German-English tasks.

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